Nutrition Ch. 7-8 Test

Which of the following is a form of naturally occurring vitamin E?
beta-carotene
alpha-tocopherol
riboflavin
pantothenic acid

alpha-tocopherol

Which factors may be responsible for the increase in cases of rickets in the United States?
increased use of sunscreens
limited outdoor activities
air pollution
all of these

all of these

Which mineral’s absorption into the body is enhanced greatly by vitamin C?
iron
chromium
phosphorous
manganese

iron

A deficiency of which mineral is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world?
chromium
selenium
calcium
iron

iron

Which vitamin, taken in amounts higher than the recommended upper limit, can have positive effects on blood lipid levels?
vitamin D
niacin
thiamin
biotin

…

Which supplements may lower the risk of age-related macular degeneration, according to a study conducted by the National Eye Institute?
vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene
vitamin D, vitamin K, and niacin
pantothenic acid, biotin, and thiamin
choline, carnitine, and inositol

vitamin C, vitamin E, and beta-carotene

In the body, about two-thirds of which mineral is found in hemoglobin?
molybdenum
zinc
iron
chromium

iron

Which food group is highest in vitamin C and folate?
meat and beans
grains
fruits
milk

fruits

Which of the following can interfere with the absorption of iron?
vitamin C
phytates
oxalates
protein from animal foods

phytates

Which of the following is NOT a function of zinc?
It reduces the risk of age-related macular degeneration.
It is needed for wound healing.
It lowers blood pressure.
It is important for healthy taste buds.

It lowers blood pressure

Which light-sensitive vitamin is abundant in milk?
riboflavin
alpha-tocopherol
vitamin C
thiamin

riboflavin

A deficiency of which vitamin can lead to macrocytic anemia?
folate
vitamin B12
niacin
both folate and vitamin B12

both folate and B12

Which vitamin has been shown to reduce the risk of colon, breast, and pancreatic cancers, as well as reduce the risk of birth defects?
vitamin C
folic acid
thiamin
alpha-tocopherol

folic acid

Which is a main role for vitamin C?
It is involved in cell division.
It is needed to make collagen.
It is needed as a coenzyme involved in protein metabolism.
It plays a role in bone growth and strength.

It is needed to make collagen.

Which of the following vitamins is NOT involved in breaking down hemocysteine in the blood?
B 12
folate
B6
vitamin D

Vitamin D

Which individual is likely to experience hypokalemia?
Carly, a college student who is bulimic
Matt, a 10-year-old who dislikes vegetables
Jean, a 25-year-old with a passion for chocolate
John, a 23-year-old who skips breakfast

Carly, a college student who is bulimic

Which mineral is found in the amino acids methionine and cysteine?
sulfur
chromium
selenium
molybdenum

sulfur

Which mineral, when added to water supplies, is responsible for lowering the rate of dental caries in the United States?
selenium
iodine
fluoride
calcium

fluoride

Which is not correct about pellagra?
It was once widespread in the southern United States when people relied on corn as a dietary staple.
Diarrhea is a symptom.
Dementia is a symptom.
Symptoms occur due to a lack of collagen synthesis.

Symptoms occur due to a lack of collagen synthesis.

Which is a vitamin D deficiency disease in children?
osteomalacia
osteoporosis
rickets
beriberi

Rickets

The two major electrolytes outside your cells and in your blood are
sulfur and magnesium.
zinc and iron.
sodium and chloride.
potassium and magnesium.

sodium and chloride

All of the following are correct about vitamin B6 EXCEPT that
it acts as a coenzyme involved in metabolism of energy nutrients.
it helps convert tryptophan to niacin.
it helps symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
anemia and sore tongue are symptoms of a deficiency.

it helps symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).

Which mineral may play a role in lowering high blood pressure?
calcium
magnesium
potassium
all of these

all of these

A deficiency of which mineral is the most common nutrition disorder in the world?
calcium
selenium
chromium
iron

iron

Which mineral’s main role is to increase the effectiveness of insulin in cells?
iodine
chromium
fluoride
zinc

chromium

Naturally occurring vitamin B12 is found in which food?
eggs
cantaloupe
tuna
eggs and tuna

eggs and tuna

Which is correct about selenoproteins?
It helps enzymes regulate thyroid hormones.
It functions as an antioxidant.
It may slow the growth of tumors.
all of these.

all of these

In the DASH-Sodium study, which amount of daily sodium was the most effective?
3,000 milligrams
2,500 milligrams
1,500 milligrams
900 milligrams

1,500 milligrams

Which calcium supplement may contain lead and other toxic metals?
calcium citrate
oyster shell calcium
calcium carbonate
all of these

oyster shell calcium

A toxicity of which mineral damages the nervous system and causes symptoms that resemble Parkinson’s disease?
chloride
sodium
manganese
selenium

maganese

Hyperkalemia occurs when a person consumes supplements with too much
sodium.
potassium.
zinc.
calcium.

potassium

Which of the following may help reduce blood pressure?
lose excess weight
drink plenty of fluids
follow a high-protein diet
all of these

…

Which of the following is correct about xerophthalmia?
It is due to an overdose of vitamin A.
It can occur if a person consumes too many carrots.
It is permanent damage to the cornea due to a vitamin A deficiency.
It mainly effects the gall bladder.

It is permanent damage to the cornea due to a vitamin A deficiency

Which person is at risk for osteoporosis?
Jerry, who takes a glucocorticoid such as prednisone
Susan, who is Asian-American
Linda, who is a postmenopausal woman
all of these

all of these

Cretinism can occur in individuals deficient in iodine. What is a symptom of this deficiency?
abnormal sexual development
mental retardation
dwarfism
all of these

all of these

The phytochemical anthocyanin is found in
broccoli.
barley.
cherries.
bananas.

cherries

Which two minerals combine to form hydroxyapatite?
phosphorus and calcium
zinc and iron
potassium and calcium
sulfur and magnesium

phosphorus and calcium

Which vitamin can be synthesized by your body?
vitamin D
vitamin K
biotin
all of these

all of these

Which mineral helps in the synthesis of collagen and elastin in connective tissues and is also involved in synthsizing melanin in the skin?
iodine
selenium
chromium
copper

copper

Joe’s doctor told him he has high levels of homocysteine in his blood. What does this mean?
He is at high risk for colon cancer and should start taking vitamin C supplements.
He is at high risk for heart disease and should start taking folic acid supplements.
He should be happy as this is a good result.
He is at risk for osteomalacia and should start vitamin D supplements.

He is at high risk for heart disease and should start taking folic acid supplements.

Beriberi is
a thiamin deficiency.
rare in the United States due to the enrichment of refined grains.
a neural tube defect.
both a thiamin deficiency and rare in the United States due to the enrichment of refined grains.

both a thiamin deficiency and rare in the United States due to the enrichment of refined grains.

All of the following are true about vitamin B12 EXCEPT that
its naturally occurring form is found only in foods from animal sources.
it requires intrinsic factor for absorption to occur.
the ability to absorb this vitamin increases with age.
when deficient, pernicious anemia may result.

the ability to absorb this vitamin increases with age.

All of the following are antioxidant vitamins EXCEPT
biotin.
vitamin E.
vitamin C.
beta-carotene.

biotin

Which is the best way to reduce your chances of catching a cold
taking vitamin C supplements
frequent hand washing
avoiding outside activities on very cold days.
consuming the herb echinacea

frequent hand washing

A goiter is a deficiency of which of the following?
iodine
chromium
phosphorous
manganese

iodine

Which of the following foods contains nonheme iron?
beans
fish
turkey
steak

beans

Vitamin K plays a major role in
red blood cell division.
blood clotting.
metabolism of energy nutrients.
synthesis of collagen.

blood clotting

Which vitamin travels in a micelle along with bile and fatty acids?
vitamin C
niacin
riboflavin
vitamin A

vitamin A

Where is the inactive form of vitamin D converted to the active form?
in the skin
in the livers and then kidneys
in the stomach and small intestine
in the pancrease and gallbladder

in the livers and then kidneys

Which mineral is found in bleach as well as stomach acid?
zinc
phosphorus
magnesium
chloride

chloride