T/F: Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the blood and thus stored more readily in tissues. |
False |
T/F: The most familiar function of vitamin A is to sustain normal eyesight. |
True |
T/F: Vitamin D deficiency in children can cause bowed legs, an abnormality seen in the disease rickets. |
True |
T/F: Infants are born with adequate vitamin K in their intestinal tracts. |
False |
T/F: The B vitamins work together with enzymes in the metabolism of energy nutrients and in the making of new cells. |
True |
T/F: No convincing evidence indicating benefits from antioxidant supplements in well-nourished people exists. |
True |
T/F: The claim that supplements are necessary because today’s foods lack sufficient nutrients to support health is a marketing trap. |
True |
By definition, a vitamin is all of the following except: |
C. An energy-yielding nutrient |
A compound in food that can be converted into an active vitamin inside the body is known as a(n): |
D. Provitamin |
All of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except: |
B. C |
Any disease that produces _____ malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K. |
D. Fat |
Water-soluble vitamins: |
D. Are easily excreted in the urine |
Vitamin A plays an important role in: |
E. Maintenance of body linings and skin. |
The active form of vitamin A stored in the liver is: |
D. Retinol |
Symptoms of vitamin A deficiency include: |
D. Night Blindness |
The amount of vitamin A a person needs is proportional to: |
E. Body weight |
To obtain an adequate intake of vitamin A, a man needs a daily average of about _____ micrograms of the active form. |
B. 900 |
All of the following foods contain active vitamin A except: |
E. French fries |
Healthy people can eat vitamin A-rich foods in large amounts without risking toxicity, with the possible exception of what food? |
B. Liver |
Population studies suggest that people whose diets lack foods rich in beta-carotene have a higher incidence of: |
A. Macular Degeneration |
What is one symptom of a beta-carotene toxicity? |
C. Bright yellow skin |
Foods rich in beta-carotene include: |
D. Sweet Potatoes |
Important roles of vitamin D include all of the following except: |
D. health of the retina in the eye |
Research suggests that deficiency of vitamin D may lead to: |
D. Cardiovascular Disease |
The vitamin D deficiency disease that develops in adults is known as: |
A. Oseomalacia |
Fortified food sources of vitamin D available in the United States include: |
C. Margarine |
All of the following are significant food sources of vitamin D except: |
B. Rolled Oats |
The recommended intake for vitamin D is _____ micrograms per day for adults over 70. |
D. 20 |
Vitamin E serves as: |
B. An antioxidant |
Which individual is LEAST likely to acquire a vitamin E deficiency? |
A. Someone who eats a diet high in fat |
As people consume more polyunsaturated oil their need for vitamin _____ rises. |
B. E |
Much of the vitamin E people consume comes from |
C. Vegetable oils and products made from them |
The main function of vitamin K is: |
D. To help activate proteins that help clot the blood |
A non-food source of vitamin K is: |
C. Intestinal bacteria |
What is NOT a characteristic of water-soluble vitamins? |
D. They are stored extensively in tissues |
What is NOT one of the functions of vitamin C? |
D. To maintain the functions of the reproductive organs |
In the U.S., scurvy is seldom seen today except in: |
A. People addicted to alcohol |
Which statement regarding vitamin C is true? |
D. It helps to produce carnitine |
The DRI recommendation for vitamin C for women is _____ milligrams per day. |
C. 75 |
Which individuals should avoid vitamin C supplements because of above-normal risk of negative effects? |
D. People with kidney disorders |
To obtain the maximum amount of vitamin C from vegetables, you would: |
E. Consume them promptly after purchasing |
Which food is NOT a good food source of vitamin C? |
C. Milk |
The B vitamins act as part of: |
C. Coenzymes |
The thiamin deficiency disease is known as: |
D. Beriberi |
Pellagra is a _____ deficiency disease. |
B. Niacin |
Which B vitamin is especially important for women of childbearing age to prevent neural tube defects? |
C. Folate |
The best natural sources of folate include: |
B. Raw spinach |
The main reason for fortifying enriched grain products with folic acid is to: |
A. Reduce the incidence of birth defects called neural tube defects |
An uninformed strict vegetarian is at special risk for _____ deficiency. |
A. Vitamin B12 |
Which vitamin aids in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin? |
A. Viatmin B6 |
Nutrition Ch. 7
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