chapter 12 (mastering a&p)

The term "cerebral dominance" designates the hemisphere that is dominant for language.

True

In general, information flows from sensory receptors to the appropriate primary sensory cortex.

True

_________ forms a liquid cushion for CNS structures.
a) Dura mater
b) Cerebrospinal fluid
c) Pia mater
d) The blood-brain barrier

b) Cerebrospinal fluid

Which of the following does NOT describe the spinal cord tracts (pathways)?
a) memory
b) decussation
c) relay
d) somatotopy

a) memory

Declarative memory ________.
a) usually involves motor skills
b) is hard to unlearn when learned once
c) is best remembered in the doing
d) is the ability to learn specific information

d) is the ability to learn specific information

What part of the spinal cord represents the collection of nerve roots at the inferior end of the vertebral canal?
a) conus medullaris
b) lumbar enlargement
c) cauda equina
d) cervical enlargement

c) cauda equina

An individual accidentally transected the spinal cord between T1 and L1. This would result in ________.
a) spinal shock only
b) hemiplegia
c) paraplegia
d) quadriplegia

c) paraplegia

Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in ________.
a) sympathetic ganglia
b) the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord
c) the thalamus
d) the ventral root ganglia of the spinal cord

b) the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord

Cell bodies of the somatic motor neurons of the spinal nerves are located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord.

True

Spastic paralysis suggests involvement of the ________.
a) neuromotor junction
b) spinal nerve roots
c) lower motor neurons
d) upper motor neurons

d) upper motor neurons

Which association regarding the function and location of the cerebrum is most accurate?
a) sensory-medial
b) motor-anterior
c) motor-medial
d) sensory-anterior

b) motor-anterior

Broca’s area ________.
a) is usually found in the right hemisphere
b) serves the recognition of complex objects
c) is considered a motor speech area
d) corresponds to Brodmann’s area 8

c) is considered a motor speech area

The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the ________.
a) cranial fossa
b) central sulcus
c) lateral sulcus
d) longitudinal fissure

c) lateral sulcus

Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________.
a) fissures
b) gyri
c) sulci
d) ganglia

b) gyri

Which of these would you not find in the cerebral cortex?
a) cell bodies
b) unmyelinated axons
c) dendrites
d) fiber tracts

d) fiber tracts

The central sulcus separates which lobes?
a) temporal from parietal
b) parietal from occipital
c) frontal from temporal
d) frontal from parietal

d) frontal from parietal

The hypothalamus ________.
a) is an important auditory and visual relay center
b) is the thermostat of the body because it regulates temperature
c) mediates sensations
d) has the Pulvinar body as part of its structure

b) is the thermostat of the body because it regulates temperature

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates within the ventricles of the brain and in the subarachnoid space outside the brain.

True

Most of the ascending and descending pathways to and from the brain cross over from one side of the body to the other.

True

The white matter of the spinal cord contains ________.
a) unmyelinated nerve fibers only
b) myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers
c) myelinated nerve fibers only
d) soma that have both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers

b) myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers

Sorting of sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate cerebral sensory area occurs in the hypothalamus.

False

The primary visual cortex contains a map of visual space.

True

Projection fibers in the brain mainly connect the right and left hemispheres.

False

The limbic system acts as our emotional, or affective, brain.

True

The fourth ventricle is continuous with the ________ of the spinal cord.

central canal

The large commissure that connects the right and left sides of the brain is called the ________.

corpus callosum

Which part of the brain stem houses the reflex centers for respiration and cardiovascular functioning?
a) midbrain
b) pons
c) reticular formation
d) medulla oblongata

d) medulla oblongata

White matter (myelinated fibers) is found in all of the following locations except the ________.
a) corpus callosum
b) corticospinal tracts
c) cerebral cortex
d) outer portion of the spinal cord

c) cerebral cortex

Which of the following best represents the motor areas of the cortex?
a) Primary motor cortex; Premotor cortex; Broca’s area; Frontal eye field
b) Primary somatosensory cortex; Somatosensory association cortex; Visual areas
c) Primary motor cortex; Premotor cortex; Brodmann areas; Gustatory cortex
d) Broca’s area; Brodmann areas; Auditory areas; Visual areas

a) Primary motor cortex; Premotor cortex; Broca’s area; Frontal eye field

Which type of white matter fiber tract connects the two cerebral hemispheres?
a) internal capsules
b) commissures
c) projection fibers
d) association fibers

b) commissures

Which part of the brain is the "executive suite" for all brain activity?
a) cerebellum
b) diencephalon
c) cerebral cortex
d) brain stem

c) cerebral cortex

Patients who have lesions involving Broca’s area:
a) do not understand written communications, but they can speak clearly and intelligibly.
b) do not understand language.
c) cannot communicate through writing, nor can they speak.
d) can understand language, but have difficulty speaking.

d) can understand language, but have difficulty speaking.

Disorders of the _________result in either too much or too little movement, as exemplified by Huntington’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
a) basal nuclei
b) diencephalon
c) gray matter
d) white matter

a) basal nuclei

Which of the following areas of the brain controls voluntary movement of the eyes?
a) Gustatory cortex
b) Visual association area
c) Frontal eye field
d) Primary visual cortex

c) Frontal eye field

Which of the following best represents the motor areas of the cortex?
a) Broca’s area; Brodmann areas; Auditory areas; Visual areas
b) Primary motor cortex; Premotor cortex; Broca’s area; Frontal eye field
c) Primary somatosensory cortex; Somatosensory association cortex; Visual areas
d) Primary motor cortex; Premotor cortex; Brodmann areas; Gustatory cortex

b) Primary motor cortex; Premotor cortex; Broca’s area; Frontal eye field

Which of the following is not one of the three types of functional areas within the cerebral cortex?
a) Brodmann areas
b) Association areas
c) Motor areas
d) Sensory areas

a) Brodmann areas

Which of the following is true of the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain?
a) Nearly the entire surface of the cerebral hemispheres is marked by shallow grooves called gyri.
b) The longitudinal fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum.
c) Nearly the entire surface of the cerebral hemispheres is marked by elevated ridges called sulci.
d) The cerebral hemispheres account for about 83% of total brain mass.

d) The cerebral hemispheres account for about 83% of total brain mass.

Encephalo means:

brain

Which part of the brain is the gateway to the cerebral cortex?
a) mesencephalon
b) thalamus
c) pons
d) hypothalamus

b) thalamus

Which of the following best describes the hypothalamus?
a) entrance to the spinal cord
b) visceral control center of the body
c) motor command center
d) gateway to the cerebellum

b) visceral control center of the body

Which of the following regions of the brain provides for muscle coordination and memory in fast-paced, skilled movements?
a) Medulla oblongata
b) Pons
c) Midbrain
d) Cerebellum

d) Cerebellum