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1) ________ was an ancient reptile that lived in South America and Africa during the late Paleozoic. |
D) Mesosaurus |
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2) In the early part of the twentieth century, ________ argued forcefully for continental drift. |
C) Alfred Wegener |
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3) The former late Paleozoic super continent is known as ________. |
C) Pangaea |
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6) Pull-apart rift zones are generally associated with a ________ plate boundary. |
B) divergent |
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11) A typical rate of seafloor spreading in the Atlantic Ocean is ________. |
D) 2 centimeters per year |
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13) The continental drift hypothesis was rejected primarily because Alfred Wegener could not ________. |
C) identify a mechanism capable of moving continents |
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14) All of the following are evidence supporting the theory of plate tectonics except for ________. |
A) changes in the Moon’s orbit due to shifting plates |
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15) ________ was never proposed as evidence supporting the existence of Pangaea. |
B) Islands of Precambrian rocks along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge |
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16) Which one of the following most accurately describes the volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands? |
B) shield volcanoes fed by a long-lived hot spot below the Pacific lithospheric plate |
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19) Cooler, older, oceanic lithosphere sinks into the mantle at ________. |
A) subduction zones along convergent plate boundaries |
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21) A transform plate boundary is characterized by ________. |
a deep, vertical fault along which two plates slide past one another in opposite directions |
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25) The Aleutian Islands occur at a ________. |
A) convergent boundary on a volcanic arc above a northward-subducting Pacific plate |
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28) Early results of the Deep Sea Drilling Project clearly justified the conclusion that ________. |
B) the ocean basins are relatively young; most ocean basin rocks and sediments are Cretaceous or younger in age |
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30) a. Curie point b. paleomagnetism c. magnetic poles d. polar wandering |
polar wandering |
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31) a. oceanic ridge b. seafloor spreading c. arc volcanoes d. divergent |
c. arc volcanoes |
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32) a. Hawaii b. island arc c. volcanic arc d. subduction |
a. Hawaii |
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34) plates are moving apart from one another |
Divergent |
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35) plates are sliding past one another horizontally |
Transform |
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36) this boundary is normally devoid of volcanism |
Transform |
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37) where lithosphere is sinking into the mantle |
convergent |
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38) characterized by basaltic volcanism and seafloor spreading |
divergent |
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39) characterized by arcs of stratovolcanoes and deep-ocean trenches |
convergent |
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40) the Mid-Atlantic Ridge |
Divergent |
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41) where subduction zones occur |
convergent |
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42) the San Andreas fault |
Transform |
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the west coast of South America |
convergent |
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46) Hawaii is the oldest island of the Hawaiian Island chain. |
False |
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47) The oldest rocks of the oceanic crust are found in deep ocean trenches far away from active, mid-ocean ridges. |
True |
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52) Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis was weakened because a viable mechanism for moving the continents was lacking. |
True |
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55) The volcanoes of Hawaii are localized above a deep mantle hot spot; they are not part of the East Pacific oceanic ridge |
True |
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The Himalayan Mountains are the tectonic product of a collision between India and Eurasia that began in Eocene time and still continues. |
True |
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