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What happens during cytokinesis? |
In cells that lack a cell wall, the cell pinches in 2. In cells that have a cell wall, a cell plate forms between the 2 new cells. |
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During which stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur? |
Synthesis Phase (S) |
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How do the chromosomes of a sex cell (gamete) differ from those in a body cell? |
A body cell has 46 chromosomes and a sex cell has half that |
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After meiosis in a human how many sex cells are formed? |
4 cells |
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How many chromosomes do the cells have? |
Half the number of chromosomes in the original cell |
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What are the names of the cell 2 divisions in meiosis? |
Anaphase and Metaphase 2 |
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How many chromatids make up a chromosome? |
2 |
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Name the process that produces these |
sex cells=meiosis egg=meiosis sperm=meiosis skin cells =mitosis new ameoba=? |
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If an organism has 10 chromosomes in it’s cells-how many did it get from each parent? |
5? |
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Name the mitotic phases |
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis |
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List the phases of the cell cycle and briefly explain what is happening in each |
Interphase-before mitosis chromosomes are copied Prophase-mitosis starts chromosomes condense into rodlike structures Metaphase-the nuclear membrane dissolves chromatids align in middle of cell Anaphase-the chromatids seperate and move to seperate sides of cell Telophase-a nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes an dthey unwind, mitosis ends Cytokinesis-cells that don’t have cell wall it pinches in 2 in cells that do a cell plate forms between the 2 cells |
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Which is the longest phase in mitosis? |
Interphase |
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In which phase will you see chromosomes in mitosis? Meiosis? |
Prophase and interphase |
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What kind of asexual reproduction happens when a parent organism splits equally to form 2 new offspring? |
Mitosis |
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How are sexual and asexual reproduction alike? |
They both need at least one parent |
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Why do organisms need to reproduce? |
Every living thing serves a purpose and if they don’t reproduce their species will die out |
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Compare asexual and sexual reproduction |
In asexual reproduction the offspring are exact copies of their parent’s genotype. Asexual reproduction uses a quick process called mitosis where the structures inside the cell are copied and then the parent cell divides making 2 exact copies. In sexual reproduction 2 parent cells join together creation offspring that share similar traits, but are not the exact same which allows for genetic variations to occur. Sexual reproduction is also the only way animals and humans can guarantee the survival of the species. |
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Explain the purpose of DNA |
It contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of living things. It is also the long term storage of info for the cell. |
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What are the 4 bases of DNA? |
Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Adenine |
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What is the complementary bases for these? |
A=T T=A C=G G=C |
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What 3 parts make up nucleotide? |
In a nucleotide chain a sub-unit that consists of a sugar, a phospate, and a nitrogenous base |
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What is a nucleotide? |
A compound consisting of a nuleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA |
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