|
The "quarters" that developed within the old walled cities of the Middle East: were defined exclusively on religious lines continue to have the walls that once enclosed them mimicked the security and social cohesiveness of the village developed because of differences in income, wealth, and class |
mimicked the security and social cohesiveness of the village |
|
… |
… |
|
What group of people was brought to Sakhalin Island during World War II to work the coal mines and now forms a distinct community in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk? a. Koreans |
Koreans |
|
Garbage-strewn landscapes surround many Russian apartment buildings for all of the following reasons except: a. Consumption has increased markedly since communism’s end. b. Imported goods are more available, but often wastefully packaged. c. There is little space for land fills. d. Public services such as trash pick-up have not kept up with development. |
c. There is little space for land fills. |
|
When the Soviet Union collapsed, what happened to Moscow? a. It had to share capital city status with Novosibirsk. b. It became the capital of the Federation of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. c. It lost its capital-city status to St. Petersburg. d. It became the capital of the Russian Federation. |
d. It became the capital of the Russian Federation. |
|
What type of economy shaped the landscape of Russian cities from 1917 through 1991? a. MIC economy |
b. command economy |
|
What city was shaped by its relative location near the headwaters of the Volga, Dvina, and Dnieper River systems, all of which flowed in different directions? a. Moscow |
a. Moscow |
|
Which of these statements is not true about Moscow? a. Moscow is vastly richer than most other parts of Russia. b. The Kremlin is the historic core and is still occupied by the government. c. Moscow is in many ways the primate city of Russia. d. Inferior Soviet-era housing has now been all replaced by new privatized housing. |
d. Inferior Soviet-era housing has now been all replaced by new privatized housing. |
|
What was built on the spot in St. Petersburg where Emperor Alexander II was assassinated in 1881? a. the GUM department store |
c. the Church of Our Savior |
|
Russians constitute the largest ethnic group in Kazan, but they account for only 50% of the city’s population. What ethnic group constitutes 42% of Kazan’s population? a. Muslims |
c. Tatars |
|
Which one of the following statements is true of Russian cities today but did not apply during Soviet times? a. Russian cities have resisted economic impulses to suburbanize b. Russian cities are home to branches of European and Japanese banks c. Russian cities seek investment from Moscow banks but not foreign countries d. Russian cities are relatively isolated from the forces of globalization |
b. Russian cities are home to branches of European and Japanese banks |
|
Kazan is in the Russian Federation, but it is also the capital city of a "republic" of its own. What is the name of the republic where Kazan is located? a. Altai Republic |
c. Republic of Tartarstan |
|
Before the Communist Revolution in 1917, the capital of tsarist Russia was: a. St. Petersburg |
a. St. Petersburg |
|
With increasing consumption and lagging public services, what has happened to the landscapes around many Russian apartment buildings in the post-Soviet era? a. They have been filled in with small summer cottages. b. They have become targets of crime. c. They have become littered with trash. d. They have become settings for pro-capitalist graffiti. |
c. They have become littered with trash. |
|
Historical trading cities along the rivers of European Russia were each dominated by a fortress. The fortress was called: an oblast |
a kremlin |
|
Moscow’s rise to importance in Russia cannot be attributed to: the rule of Tsar Peter the defense needs of Russia central place theory trading networks that followed rivers |
the rule of Tsar Peter |
|
In Paris, land near the city center is most densely populated. In Moscow, land far from the city center is most density populated. Why? In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by environmental factors. In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by historical tradition. In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by market forces. In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by central planning. |
In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by central planning. |
|
What happened to many large mining cities such as Norilsk after the collapse of the Soviet Union? They continued to grow in population. They declined in population. They just barely maintained their population size. They disappeared from the landscape. |
They declined in population. |
|
St. Petersburg: was taken by the Nazis in World War II and leveled to the ground is no longer the second largest city of Russia has a city center that is a Word Heritage site but also threatened by new development is Russia’s principal warm water port on the Black Sea |
has a city center that is a Word Heritage site but also threatened by new development |
|
Which one of the following does not apply to Vladivostok? home to the Russian Navy’s Pacific fleet an important regional industrial center a city center on UNESCO’s list of World Heritage sites an important commercial port |
a city center on UNESCO’s list of World Heritage sites |
|
Which one of the following has been part of the transition from Soviet to Post-Soviet cities? a shift from central planning to market-driven processes a shift from de-industrialization to re-industrialization a shift from a Moscow-dominated hierarchy to a St. Petersburg-dominated hierarchy a shift from demand for imported goods to demand for locally produced goods in cities |
a shift from de-industrialization to re-industrialization |
|
"Secret cities" were built during the Soviet period but began to lose population in the 1980s as the Soviet economy grew weaker. Which one of the following is true of secret cities? Their economic base was tied to nuclear research and missile production. They were built underground to withstand a possible nuclear war with the U.S. They were located exclusively around Moscow and Leningrad. They lost so many people that they no longer appeared in Soviet statistical accounts. |
Their economic base was tied to nuclear research and missile production. |
|
Astana, capital of the Soviet successor state of Kazakhstan, has modeled itself on Dubai. What do both cities now have in common? hosting international mega-events hyper-modernity in architectural design all of the above Special Economic Zones |
all of the above |
|
Which one of these associations is incorrect? Vladivostok – Railroad terminus Norilsk – Volga port Moscow – Soviet capital St. Petersburg – Leningrad |
Norilsk – Volga port |
|
The pattern in Russia is similar to the U.S.: existing central city buildings in poor condition but in good locations are converted into upscale apartments, often displacing long-time residents. This process is known as: gentrification |
gentrification |
|
During the Soviet period, one way in which government tried to keep urban growth within projected levels was by: stimulating agricultural production to hold people in rural areas refusing to give jobs to new urban in‑migrants requiring city residents to have a government-issued propiska in order to live in a city controlling the automobile market, thus limiting the ability to move |
requiring city residents to have a government-issued propiska in order to live in a city |
|
In which of the following cities would you be most likely to find a new generation of mosques? St. Petersburg |
Kazan |
|
The Muslim population of Moscow: is largely illegal or undocumented, and almost entirely Post-Soviet has an ever increasing number of mosques in which to pray includes immigrants from Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan thrives on the melting pot ideals instilled during the Communist era |
includes immigrants from Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan |
|
In a microrayon, as developed during the Soviet period, in what kind of residential units did people live? high‑rise apartment buildings terrace housing garden apartments single family homes and duplexes |
high‑rise apartment buildings |
|
An aspect of Soviet urban planning that grew out of socialist ideologies yet helps achieve the goals of urban sustainability today is Moscow’s: extraordinarily dense network of metro (subway) lines multiple-use buildings of staggered heights wide boulevards which foster the efficient movement of automobiles |
extraordinarily dense network of metro (subway) lines |
|
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia experienced all of the following except: a struggle to maintain cities in marginal physical environments a decrease in socioeconomic inequality and homelessness an end to "closed cities" suburbanization |
… |
|
What city was built by the tsar to be Russia’s "window on the west" in the early 1700s? Kiev Moscow Vladivostok St. Petersburg |
St. Petersburg |
|
Which of these statements is not true about Moscow? Moscow is in many ways the primate city of Russia. Moscow is vastly richer than most other parts of Russia. Inferior Soviet-era housing has now been all replaced by new privatized housing. The Kremlin is the historic core and is still occupied by the government. |
Inferior Soviet-era housing has now been all replaced by new privatized housing. |
|
What group of people was brought to Sakhalin Island during World War II to work the coal mines and now forms a distinct community in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk? Koreans Tatars Chinese Japanese |
Koreans |
|
Which one of the following does not apply to Vladivostok? a city center on UNESCO’s list of World Heritage sites an important regional industrial center home to the Russian Navy’s Pacific fleet an important commercial port |
a city center on UNESCO’s list of World Heritage sites |
|
What economic activities are of growing importance for those who remain behind in Russian cities that are losing population because of outmigration to larger urban centers? all of the above increased gathering of communal forest resources agriculture on household plots of land hunting and fishing in the local countryside |
all of the above |
|
What city was shaped by its relative location near the headwaters of the Volga, Dvina, and Dnieper River systems, all of which flowed in different directions? St. Petersburg Moscow Krasnodar Kazan |
Moscow |
|
What was built on the spot in St. Petersburg where Emperor Alexander II was assassinated in 1881? the Kremlin the Church of Our Savior the GUM department store the Hermitage |
the Church of Our Savior |
|
Russians constitute the largest ethnic group in Kazan, but they account for only 50% of the city’s population. What ethnic group constitutes 42% of Kazan’s population? Tatars Chuvash Immigrants Muslims |
Tatars |
|
During the Soviet period, "progress" was narrowly conceptualized as: industrialization ruralization commercializaton centralization |
industrialization |
|
In Paris, land near the city center is most densely populated. In Moscow, land far from the city center is most density populated. Why? In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by environmental factors. In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by central planning. In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by historical tradition. In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by market forces. |
In Russia, as opposed to France, land use has been determined by central planning. |
|
The Muslim population of Moscow: has an ever increasing number of mosques in which to pray includes immigrants from Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan thrives on the melting pot ideals instilled during the Communist era is largely illegal or undocumented, and almost entirely Post-Soviet |
includes immigrants from Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan |
|
What city was built by the tsar to be Russia’s "window on the west" in the early 1700s? Kiev Moscow Vladivostok St. Petersburg |
St. Petersburg |
|
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is: a nickel-mining city in Russia’s Far East. a nickel-mining city on the Arctic Ocean. an oil boomtown located on the Arctic Ocean. an oil boomtown located in Russia’s Far East. |
an oil boomtown located in Russia’s Far East. |
|
What happened to many large mining cities such as Norilsk after the collapse of the Soviet Union? They just barely maintained their population size. They declined in population. They continued to grow in population. They disappeared from the landscape. |
They declined in population. |
|
The growth of Kiev (or Kyiv) as the core of the first Russian state was linked to trade: between eastern Europe and western Europe between the Arctic region of the north and the desert region of central Asia between the Baltic Sea and the eastern Mediterranean Sea between European and Asiatic Russia |
between the Baltic Sea and the eastern Mediterranean Sea |
|
"Closed cities" became a hallmark of Soviet-era urban geography. Such cities: required permission to visit were set up for tourists only had an economic base tied to export processing were enclosed by a wall or other barrier |
required permission to visit |
|
Churches, museums, and palaces are landscape features that mark what era of Russian city development? tsarist era Tatar era Soviet era post-Soviet era |
tsarist era |
|
With increasing consumption and lagging public services, what has happened to the landscapes around many Russian apartment buildings in the post-Soviet era? They have become littered with trash. They have become targets of crime. They have been filled in with small summer cottages They have become settings for pro-capitalist graffiti. |
They have become littered with trash. |
|
Garbage-strewn landscapes surround many Russian apartment buildings for all of the following reasons except: Public services such as trash pick-up have not kept up with development. Consumption has increased markedly since communism’s end. Imported goods are more available, but often wastefully packaged. There is little space for land fills. |
There is little space for land fills. |
|
What economic activities are of growing importance for those who remain behind in Russian cities that are losing population because of outmigration to larger urban centers? agriculture on household plots of land hunting and fishing in the local countryside all of the above increased gathering of communal forest resources |
all of the above |
|
St. Petersburg: is Russia’s principal warm water port on the Black Sea was taken by the Nazis in World War II and leveled to the ground has a city center that is a Word Heritage site but also threatened by new development is no longer the second largest city of Russia |
has a city center that is a Word Heritage site but also threatened by new development |
|
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia experienced all of the following except: suburbanization an end to "closed cities" a decrease in socioeconomic inequality and homelessness a struggle to maintain cities in marginal physical environments |
a decrease in socioeconomic inequality and homelessness |
|
In which of the following cities would you be most likely to find a new generation of mosques? St. Petersburg Kazan Norilsk Novosibirsk |
Kazan |
|
When the Soviet Union collapsed, what happened to Moscow? It had to share capital city status with Novosibirsk. It became the capital of the Russian Federation. It lost its capital-city status to St. Petersburg. It became the capital of the Federation of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. |
It became the capital of the Russian Federation. |
|
What was absent from Soviet planning principles? rail lines to serve industrial centers the need to plan in 5-year cycles reliance on medium and high density housing concerns about the impact of urban development on the environment |
concerns about the impact of urban development on the environment |
|
Which one of the following statements is true of Russian cities today but did not apply during Soviet times? Russian cities are home to branches of European and Japanese banks Russian cities have resisted economic impulses to suburbanize Russian cities are relatively isolated from the forces of globalization Russian cities seek investment from Moscow banks but not foreign countries |
Russian cities are home to branches of European and Japanese banks |
|
The Muslim population of Moscow: includes immigrants from Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan thrives on the melting pot ideals instilled during the Communist era has an ever increasing number of mosques in which to pray is largely illegal or undocumented, and almost entirely Post-Soviet |
includes immigrants from Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan |
|
Changes on the urban landscape since the break-up of the Soviet Union and the demise of communism include all of the following except: an increasing number of cars leading to new developments on urban peripheries horizontal city expansion with minimal vertical development of multistoried buildings the emergence of real estate markets and the densification of urban cores the suburbanization of housing along roads leading into urban centers |
horizontal city expansion with minimal vertical development of multistoried buildings |
|
What was built on the spot in St. Petersburg where Emperor Alexander II was assassinated in 1881? the GUM department store the Hermitage the Church of Our Savior the Kremlin |
the Church of Our Savior |
|
Which one of the following has been part of the transition from Soviet to Post-Soviet cities? a shift from demand for imported goods to demand for locally produced goods in cities a shift from de-industrialization to re-industrialization a shift from central planning to market-driven processes a shift from a Moscow-dominated hierarchy to a St. Petersburg-dominated hierarchy |
a shift from central planning to market-driven processes |
|
Historical trading cities along the rivers of European Russia were each dominated by a fortress. The fortress was called: a kremlin a perestroika an oblast a novgorod |
a kremlin |
|
Problems confronting the Russian urban system include all of the following except: the harsh physical environment the pull of Asia on cities in the Russian Far East the huge distances between cities the continuing decline of the urban population throughout the nation |
the continuing decline of the urban population throughout the nation |
|
Garbage-strewn landscapes surround many Russian apartment buildings for all of the following reasons except: Public services such as trash pick-up have not kept up with development. There is little space for land fills. Consumption has increased markedly since communism’s end. Imported goods are more available, but often wastefully packaged. |
There is little space for land fills. |
|
Which one of the following statements is true of Russian cities today but did not apply during Soviet times? Russian cities seek investment from Moscow banks but not foreign countries Russian cities are home to branches of European and Japanese banks Russian cities have resisted economic impulses to suburbanize Russian cities are relatively isolated from the forces of globalization |
Russian cities are home to branches of European and Japanese banks |
|
The pattern in Russia is similar to the U.S.: existing central city buildings in poor condition but in good locations are converted into upscale apartments, often displacing long-time residents. This process is known as: gentrification commercialization redlining suburbanization |
gentrification |
|
In which of the following cities would you be most likely to find a new generation of mosques? Kazan Norilsk Novosibirsk St. Petersburg |
Kazan |
|
What was absent from Soviet planning principles? the need to plan in 5-year cycles rail lines to serve industrial centers concerns about the impact of urban development on the environment reliance on medium and high density housing |
concerns about the impact of urban development on the environment |
|
During the Soviet period, one way in which government tried to keep urban growth within projected levels was by: controlling the automobile market, thus limiting the ability to move refusing to give jobs to new urban in‑migrants stimulating agricultural production to hold people in rural areas requiring city residents to have a government-issued propiska in order to live in a city |
requiring city residents to have a government-issued propiska in order to live in a city |
|
Kazan is in the Russian Federation, but it is also the capital city of a "republic" of its own. What is the name of the republic where Kazan is located? Chechnya Republic Altai Republic Republic of Tartarstan Saha Republic |
Republic of Tartarstan |
|
Churches, museums, and palaces are landscape features that mark what era of Russian city development? Tatar era Soviet era tsarist era post-Soviet era |
tsarist era |
|
With increasing consumption and lagging public services, what has happened to the landscapes around many Russian apartment buildings in the post-Soviet era? They have been filled in with small summer cottages. They have become settings for pro-capitalist graffiti. They have become littered with trash. They have become targets of crime. |
They have become littered with trash. |
|
Before the Communist Revolution in 1917, the capital of tsarist Russia was St. Petersburg Moscow Vladivostok Novosibirsk |
St. Petersburg |
|
Which one of these associations is incorrect? St. Petersburg – Leningrad Moscow – Soviet capital Vladivostok – Railroad terminus Norilsk – Volga port |
Norilsk – Volga port |
|
"Closed cities" became a hallmark of Soviet-era urban geography. Such cities: had an economic base tied to export processing were enclosed by a wall or other barrier were set up for tourists only required permission to visit |
required permission to visit |
|
Moscow’s rise to importance in Russia cannot be attributed to: the rule of Tsar Peter the defense needs of Russia trading networks that followed rivers central place theory |
the rule of Tsar Peter |
|
New towns in Europe have been relatively more successful than in the U.S. primarily because: Europeans are more mobile and do not stay put long in one place racial/class divisions are lacking in European society Europeans have little interest in automobiles the former were built mostly by the government and not for profit |
the former were built mostly by the government and not for profit |
|
What European cities have the continent’s busiest airports? London, Paris, Frankfurt, Amsterdam Rome, Berlin, Paris, London London, Madrid, Berlin, Amsterdam Madrid, Milan, Rome, Frankfurt |
London, Paris, Frankfurt, Amsterdam |
|
Leninvaros in Hungary was renamed Tiszauvaros, and Karl-Marx-Stadt in Germany was renamed Chemnitz as a direct result of the: influence of the church rise of immigrant populations fall of Communism |
fall of Communism |
|
Geographer Roger Brunet identified the core of Europe as a curving urban corridor of high-tech industries and services which he called the: Golden Quadrilateral Urban Crescent European Boomerang Blue Banana |
Blue Banana |
|
What period of urban history began in the Midlands of England in the 1700s, sparking massive rural-to-urban migration and changing the structure of cities? Post-Industrial Period Industrial Period Baroque Period Proto-Communist Period |
Industrial Period |
|
According to the European Green Cities Index, the most environmentally sustainable cities are those located in: Eastern Europe Central Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe |
Northern Europe |
|
What city is often thought of as the capital of Europe because it is the European Union’s administrative headquarters? Brussels Strasbourg Luxembourg Paris |
Brussels |
|
Which one of the following is not one of the signature landscape features of Berlin? U-Bahn stations Brandenburg Gate Palace of Culture and Science Potsdamer Platz |
Palace of Culture and Science |
|
In world cities like London and Paris, the most visible group of people on the streets of the CBD is: the urban underclass young professionals the immigrant population aging businessmen |
young professionals |
|
Bucharest’s landscape was transformed by Romanian President Ceauçescu after he came to power in 1966. Which one of the following is not part of Ceauçescu’s legacy? the House of the Republic as the heart of the city’s new civic center suburban homes replaced by apartment blocks boulevards designed as socialist gateways to the city preservation of the city’s historic central areas |
preservation of the city’s historic central areas |
|
Which one of the following cities is both a primate city and a national capital? Rome Zurich Berlin Paris |
Paris |
|
What was responsible for reducing traffic and alleviating traffic congestion in central London starting in 2003? Bus Rapid Transit London Underground a congestion charging zone with fees on driving |
… |
|
Immigrants from India brought chicken tikka masala to London. What immigrant group brought the döner kebab to Berlin? Turks |
Turks |
|
Barcelona, though located in a Spanish-speaking country, is a bilingual city. What language other than Spanish is commonly heard and seen in Barcelona? Basque French Portuguese Catalan |
Catalan |
|
What city in Europe evolved around an island in the Seine River? Geneva Amsterdam Paris Berlin |
Paris |
|
Which one of the following was not a hallmark of urban landscape change during the Renaissance-Baroque Period of European history? opulent palaces and formal gardens laid out for the nobility city walls replaced with wide boulevards narrow, winding medieval streets replaced by wider and straighter thoroughfares skylines punctuated by belching smoke stacks |
skylines punctuated by belching smoke stacks |
|
The central plaza or market of ancient Roman cities was called the: citadel piazza agora forum |
forum |
|
Tea houses (salons de thé) on the streets of Brussels and other European cities provide social space for immigrant men from what part of the world? Turkey South Asia North Africa Mediterranean Europe |
North Africa |
|
What was the most influential force in molding the cities of Eastern Europe from the 1950s through the 1980s? mercantile capitalism market forces royal decrees centralized planning |
centralized planning |
|
Controversy over the cultural landscape of what city followed the construction of a glass pyramid in the 19th century forecourt of the Louvre? Paris |
Paris |
|
Urban Graffiti: is associated mainly with gang warfare is usually welcomed by local governments and tourism authorities had its beginnings in the industrial ghettos of 19th century cities covered the Berlin Wall as a form of political protest |
covered the Berlin Wall as a form of political protest |
|
What ranges across Europe from 200 in Norway to 20,000 in Greece? definitions of the number of people needed to be classified as an urban place average dollar value per capita of investment in post-secondary education number of leading industrial corporations in European cites, by country average territorial sizes of European cities in square kilometers |
definitions of the number of people needed to be classified as an urban place |
|
Immigrants from India brought chicken tikka masala to London. What immigrant group brought the döner kebab to Berlin? Persians |
Turks |
|
The human geography of cities in what country has been transformed by huge immigrant populations from the Caribbean, India, and Pakistan? Italy |
Britain |
|
What European city was divided between East and West by a famous artificial barrier to keep people from fleeing westward during the Cold War? Copenhagen |
Berlin |
|
What period of urban history began in the Midlands of England in the 1700s, sparking massive rural-to-urban migration and changing the structure of cities? Baroque Period Post-Industrial Period Industrial Period Proto-Communist Period |
Industrial Period |
|
What are Europe’s two megacities (excluding Moscow)? London and Paris |
London and Paris |
|
London: survived World War II with less damage than Paris is declining as one of the leading global cities of the world was redesigned by Baron Haussmann after World War II developed around two centers: ‘The City’ and Westminster |
developed around two centers: ‘The City’ and Westminster |
|
Bucharest’s landscape was transformed by Romanian President Ceauçescu after he came to power in 1966. Which one of the following is not part of Ceauçescu’s legacy? boulevards designed as socialist gateways to the city preservation of the city’s historic central areas the House of the Republic as the heart of the city’s new civic center suburban homes replaced by apartment blocks |
preservation of the city’s historic central areas |
|
The highly urbanized Randstad of the Netherlands and the Rhine‑Ruhr area of Germany have diameters of about 70 miles. These two are examples of: world cities |
conurbations |
|
Controversy over the cultural landscape of what city followed the construction of a glass pyramid in the 19th century forecourt of the Louvre? Paris |
Paris |
|
In world cities like London and Paris, the most visible group of people on the streets of the CBD is: young professionals |
young professionals |
|
The Communist regimes of Eastern European countries built what to remedy the tremendous housing shortfalls following World War II? housing estates on the urban periphery consisting of multistory apartment blocks new cities as growth poles in previously isolated regions garden cities on the periphery of historical urban cores single-family housing estates in the suburbs |
housing estates on the urban periphery consisting of multistory apartment blocks |
|
Tea houses (salons de thé) on the streets of Brussels and other European cities provide social space for immigrant men from what part of the world? North Africa |
North Africa |
|
Paris has: a new business district focused around the development pole known as La Défense limited its growth potential by remaining isolated from Europe’s high-speed rail lines an underdeveloped financial services sector significantly decreased its dominance of France in the last half century |
a new business district focused around the development pole known as La Défense |
|
What was responsible for reducing traffic and alleviating traffic congestion in central London starting in 2003? Bus Rapid Transit a congestion charging zone with fees on driving an expansion of the London Underground elimination of one-way streets |
a congestion charging zone with fees on driving |
|
What city in Europe evolved around an island in the Seine River? |
Paris |
|
According to concentric zone theory, which one of the following would be located farthest from the city center? street car suburbs middle-class automobile suburbs run-down 19th century housing zone of independent working class houses |
middle-class automobile suburbs |
|
Market gardens once occupied peripheral lands around European cities. What has happened to those zones of market gardening? They have been preserved as greenbelts. They have been made more productive by genetically-modified foods. They have been overtaken by suburbanization. They have been converted zones of boutique food production. |
They have been overtaken by suburbanization |
|
Which one of the following is not one of the signature landscape features of Berlin? Brandenburg Gate Palace of Culture and Science Potsdamer Platz U-Bahn stations |
Palace of Culture and Science |
|
Istanbul, Tehran, and Cairo are: located in Asia Arabic-speaking cities the anchors of the Middle East’s urban triangle capital cities |
the anchors of the Middle East’s urban triangle |
|
The minarets that punctuate the skylines of Middle Eastern cities are associated with: wind towers commercial enterprises mosques traditional markets |
mosques |
|
Which of these features are least likely to be found in the medina of a Middle Eastern city? narrow streets open courtyards parking lots wells |
parking lots |
|
Which one of these statements about Middle Eastern cities is incorrect? Urbanism as a way of life originated in the Middle East. The relative location of the Middle East has made the cities centers of trade and commerce. Cities in the Middle East have evolved around the well, the house of worship, and the marketplace. Petrodollars give Middle Eastern cities a developmental edge over cities in other parts of the world. |
Petrodollars give Middle Eastern cities a developmental edge over cities in other parts of the world. |
|
Unskilled immigrants take low-wage jobs in cities such as Dubai and Doha. These workers are most likely to come from: Turkey and Greece Egypt and Sudan India and Sri Lanka Iran and Afghanistan |
India and Sri Lanka |
|
In which one of the following empires might the cities be described as "Islamic cities"? all of the above Ottoman Empire Roman Empire Byzantine Empire |
Ottoman Empire |
|
What city served as an imperial capital for an almost record-setting 1600 years under Romans, Byzantines, and Ottomans? Cairo |
Istanbul |
|
The Persian/Arabian Gulf’s leading city in terms of business, entertainment, and consumer services is: Dubai |
Dubai |
|
Several megalopolises are developing in the Middle East. Which one of them spans two continents? the Rabat‑Casablanca megalopolis the Alexandria‑Cairo megalopolis the Haifa‑Tel Aviv‑Jerusalem megalopolis the Marmara megalopolis |
the Marmara megalopolis |
|
Mecca’s core is dominated not by a Central Business District, but by a: "Central Historical District" anchored by Muhammed’s home "Central Gateway District" anchored by the Mecca International Airport "Central Cultural District" anchored by the Museum of Islam "Central Religious District" anchored by the Great Mosque |
"Central Religious District" anchored by the Great Mosque |
|
Damascus and Aleppo. Sana’a and Aden. Tripoli and Benghazi. These city pairs illustrate: classic examples of urban primacy rival urban cores within a single country some countries’ need for a summer capital the rank-size rule |
rival urban cores within a single country |
|
In Tehran, apartment living contrasts sharply with traditional housing. How? In traditional housing, television was absent; but, in apartments, television became common. In traditional housing, privacy was a low priority; but, in apartments privacy rights became major political issues. In traditional housing there was no division between male space and female space; but, in apartments gendered differentiation of space began to evolve. In traditional housing, there were few windows that opened to the outside; but, in apartments street-facing windows became common. |
In traditional housing, privacy was a low priority; but, in apartments privacy rights became major political issues. |
|
Facets of the housing problem in Middle Eastern cities include: the emergence of geçekondu and bidon à pétrole all of the above finding affordable housing for the middle class an ongoing reduction in public housing availability |
all of the above |
|
Which one of the following countries does not have an urban tradition that dates back several millennia? Iraq |
United Arab Emirates |
|
Dubai’s Burj Khalifa: is located on one of the artificial offshore islands shaped like a palm tree is a monolithic building devoted exclusively to offices and professional services lost the title of world’s tallest building to Kuala Lumpur in 2010 anchors the city’s new mixed-use downtown |
anchors the city’s new mixed-use downtown |
|
The focus of a traditional home in cities of southwest Asia was the: kitchen |
courtyard |
|
Ur and Uruk were: located in the Fertile Crescent city-states that served economic and defense functions all of the above among the first true cities in world history |
among the first true cities in world history |
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The growth of the global Internet is: being driven by the popularity of mobile Internet connections largely dependent on home Internet connections transforming cities in most countries of the Middle East, but not Iran all of the above |
being driven by the popularity of mobile Internet connections |
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Which one of these statements about Jerusalem is incorrect? West Jerusalem is very Jewish and East Jerusalem is very Arab. East Jerusalem is largely Arab except for the "settlements." It began as a hill town near the southern tip of the western Fertile Crescent. It occupies an attractive site and strategic location. |
It occupies an attractive site and strategic location. |
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In the cities of what country on the following list would you find most signs in the Arabic language? |
Jordan |
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Which one of the following countries does not have an urban tradition that dates back several millennia? Turkey |
United Arab Emirates |
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Unskilled immigrants take low-wage jobs in cities such as Dubai and Doha. These workers are most likely to come from: Egypt and Sudan |
India and Sri Lanka |
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Which city’s new cathedral opened in 2001 to commemorate the nation’s 1700 years of Christianity? Istanbul, Turkey Baghdad, Iraq Jerusalem, Israel Yerevan, Armenia |
Yerevan, Armenia |
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Cairo has: never been able to control the annual floods inflicted upon it by the Nile River a population that is majority Christian limited the Westernizing influences of chains such as Pizza Hut and McDonalds expanded to engulf the famous pyramid complex on the Giza plateau |
expanded to engulf the famous pyramid complex on the Giza plateau |
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A tell (or tel) is: a hill which gained height as one ancient city was built on top of the remains of another an administrative outpost built by the Roman Empire a temple which was built to glorify the gods of ancient Mesopotamia a river bend where a city developed |
a hill which gained height as one ancient city was built on top of the remains of another |
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What is the status of green space in Beirut? Green space is gradually replacing parking lots There is an average of 0.8 square meters of green space per person Green space per person has grown to meet the World Health Organization’s standard Green space is limited in acreage but accessible to all |
There is an average of 0.8 square meters of green space per person |
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The concept of dualism applied to urban tourism in the Middle East suggests that: some cities are dominated by pilgrimage tourism, while others are dominated by resort tourism some tourists are attracted to urban amenities, while others prefer natural landscapes tourists experience one part of the city, while residents experience a different part some districts cater to wealthy tourists, while others cater to middle-class tourists |
tourists experience one part of the city, while residents experience a different part |
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Uprisings in the cities of what two countries began the revolt which led to demands for democracy, free elections, and an end to corruption across the Arab world? Libya and Bahrain |
Tunisia and Egypt |
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How many of the following cities are on the continent of Africa? Jerusalem / Cairo / Tehran / Istanbul / Alexandria five |
two |
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The "quarters" that developed within the old walled cities of the Middle East: continue to have the walls that once enclosed them mimicked the security and social cohesiveness of the village developed because of differences in income, wealth, and class were defined exclusively on religious lines |
mimicked the security and social cohesiveness of the village |
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Which one of these statements about Jerusalem is incorrect? It occupies an attractive site and strategic location. East Jerusalem is largely Arab except for the "settlements." West Jerusalem is very Jewish and East Jerusalem is very Arab. It began as a hill town near the southern tip of the western Fertile Crescent. |
It occupies an attractive site and strategic location. |
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Wooden lattice over windows and staggered doors on opposite sides of the street illustrate the high value which the Islamic religion places on: urbanism |
privacy |
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Which one of the following elements of the built environment of Middle Eastern cities does not promote cooling and temperature control? Houses share walls to reduce surface area exposed to the outside atmosphere. Fountains draw upon cool ground water to chill the air in small spaces. Expansive urban squares maximize air circulation. Vines and trees in courtyards retard heat absorption. |
Expansive urban squares maximize air circulation. |
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Which one of these cities is not located in the Fertile Crescent? Baghdad |
Cairo |
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What is the general relationship between urbanization and civilization? None of the above Urbanization preceded civilization. Civilization preceded urbanization. They evolved hand in hand. |
They evolved hand in hand |
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Washington, D.C., is to New York City, as Rabat is to: Casablanca |
Casablanca |
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If you were running a transect of a Middle Eastern city from the old city center to the urban expansion zone, one of your conclusions might be that: the old city displays logo-laden chain stores and franchises multi-story apartment blocks are not yet that common the well-to-do are abandoning the old city non-motorized vehicles still predominate in both old city and new city |
the well-to-do are abandoning the old city |
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In Tehran, apartment living contrasts sharply with traditional housing. How? In traditional housing there was no division between male space and female space; but, in apartments gendered differentiation of space began to evolve. In traditional housing, privacy was a low priority; but, in apartments privacy rights became major political issues. In traditional housing, there were few windows that opened to the outside; but, in apartments street-facing windows became common. In traditional housing, television was absent; but, in apartments, television became common. |
In traditional housing, privacy was a low priority; but, in apartments privacy rights became major political issues. |
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Istanbul: was converted from a Christian city to a Muslim city under the Ottomans lies on the Dardanelles, the key water route between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean anticipates building its first Metro line within the next ten years has been overtaken by Ankara as the leading city of Turkey |
was converted from a Christian city to a Muslim city under the Ottomans |
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In the near future, what city may emerge as the first to achieve metacity status in the Middle East? Tehran |
Cairo |
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Hajj-related tourism brings over 2 million visitors annually to what city? Tehran |
Mecca |
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The cultural landscape within the walls of old Jerusalem includes sites that are sacred to: Jews Jews and Muslims Jews, Muslims, Christians, and Sabians Jews, Muslims, and Christians |
Jews, Muslims, and Christians |
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In the Arab Middle East, you would go to a souk (or suq) to: buy something |
buy something |
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In the late 20th century, Ghana began to follow the World Bank’s recommendations for economic reform. As a result, Accra: all of the above put resources into building new roads and upgrading the airport established export-processing zones to attract foreign investment witnessed a decline in state-controlled businesses |
all of the above |
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Pretoria came to be governed as part of a metropolitan municipality called Tshwane. Port Elizabeth came to be part of the Nelson Mandela municipality. What event led to this era of political reorganization and place re-naming in South Africa? various separatist movements among the indigenous peoples Boer Wars between the Dutch and the English collapse of apartheid and beginning of democratic rule independence from Great Britain |
collapse of apartheid and beginning of democratic rule |
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Before 1956, Dakar served as the capital of the Federation of French West Africa. After 1956 it had been reduced to serving only as the capital of: Senegal |
Senegal |
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"Splintering urbanism": is marked by geographical expansion in two different directions means that part of a city is connected to the world economy, but most is not took place shortly African nations gained their independence from Europe is best captured by the concentric zone model of urban land use |
means that part of a city is connected to the world economy, but most is not |
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Of the following cities, which one had the smallest number of European settlers and therefore is the most deserving of being called "a bona fide African city"? Nairobi |
Lagos |
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In urban Africa, all of the following forces have driven the trend toward ever more people engaging in multiple economic activities except: limited job creation in the private sector government programs that help to reduce family size increasing numbers living close to the poverty level employment freezes and retrenchment in the public sector |
government programs that help to reduce family size |
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Elite housing estates on the outskirts of many Africa cities are often built with foreign capital. In the case of Silverest Gardens on the outskirts of Lusaka, that capital came from a company based in: the United States. |
China. |
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Which one of the following has been proposed to curb migration into Dakar? paving roads that are now unpaved reinforcing primacy by upgrading urban infrastructure prohibiting migration for everyone except those with a permit developing ecovillages in the countryside |
developing ecovillages in the countryside |
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The largest mining and industrial center in Africa, and a city built on gold, is: Addis Ababa |
Johannesburg |
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Which one of the following sub-Saharan Africa countries has been identified as one of the BRICS? Ivory Coast |
South Africa |
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The first city in Africa to become the capital of a newly independent nation after World War II was: Dakar, Senegal |
Accra, Ghana |
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It grew into the "island metropolis of Eastern Africa" as the center of a mercantile empire whose tentacles stretched to the Congo. It later was refashioned by the Portuguese and then became a British colonial capital. To what city-state do these facts apply? Mozambique |
Zanzibar |
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Much of what comprises Kinshasa in both physical and economic terms is undocumented, giving rise to discussion of it as: an Independent City |
an Invisible City |
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Trading posts (and eventually cities) developed on the Atlantic coast of Africa as a result of contact with European nations. What nation was the first to sail south along Africa’s coast? Portugal |
Portugal |
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The historical centers of urbanization in Southeast Africa include cities on which one of the following lists? Timbuktu, Gao, Kano Kintambo, Rubaga, Mbanza Kongo Zimbabwe, Sofala, Dingaan’s Kraal Benin, Kumasi, Ogo |
Zimbabwe, Sofala, Dingaan’s Kraal |
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French remains the national language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and its cities as a result of being held by Leopold II, the king of: France |
Belgium |
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Lagos in the 20th century and Accra in the 21st century began benefitting from a new source of international earnings that enriched each nation’s economy. What industry was responsible for those new earnings? gold and other precious metals wave energy offshore oil and gas agricultural commodities |
offshore oil and gas |
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In terms of morphology, cities in sub-Saharan Africa are trending toward the: hybrid model |
hybrid model |
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Which one of the following is not true of the waste management problem in most large sub-Saharan African cities? Efforts are being made to teach people how to burn their waste at home More waste remains in the neighborhoods than goes to the landfills Plastics are increasingly common waste material and they do not biodegrade Uncontrolled landfills allow toxins to seep into the ground water |
Efforts are being made to teach people how to burn their waste at home |
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What country is among the most urbanized in sub-Saharan Africa and has the most developed urban hierarchy? South Africa |
South Africa |
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"Desert ports on a network of caravan routes that crisscross the Sahara": Which one of the following historical cities would be included under this heading? |
Timbuktu |
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Which one of the following best describes the proportion of the population in sub-Saharan Africa which lives in cities? Sub-Saharan Africa’s total urban population is about 360 million Only about 4 out of 10 people in sub-Saharan Africa live in cities The urban population of Kenya may hit 40% by 2040 A majority of the sub-Saharan African population is classified as urban |
Only about 4 out of 10 people in sub-Saharan Africa live in cities |
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All of the following are major problems in most sub-Saharan African cities except: lack of decent and affordable housing maintaining subway systems and trolley lines lack of effective governance providing basic urban services |
maintaining subway systems and trolley lines |
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The slums of former French-colonial cities in Africa are known as: cordons sanitaires |
bidonvilles |
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Which of the following statements is not true about sub-Saharan African cities? Women are almost unrepresented in government and the professions They have a strong informal economy Slums and squatter settlements may account for up to 80% of a city’s population Crime rates are generally high and often rising |
Women are almost unrepresented in government and the professions |
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Which of the following statements is not true about sub-Saharan African cities? Women are almost unrepresented in government and the professions They have a strong informal economy Slums and squatter settlements may account for up to 80% of a city’s population Crime rates are generally high and often rising |
Women are almost unrepresented in government and the professions |
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Most primate cities in Africa are challenged by: the gap between the modern section of a city and its slums massive rural-to-urban migration that outstrips economic development city revenues that cannot keep pace with demand for public services all of the above |
all of the above |
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Only two of the largest cities in Sub-Saharan Africa are megacities. They are: Kinshasa and Johannesburg |
Lagos and Kinshasa |
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Beginning in the 9th century, cities on Africa’s Indian Ocean coast developed economically, culturally, and politically as a result of trade with: European fleets which had just rounded Africa’s southern cape the Chinese the Guinea Coast of Africa the Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf |
the Arabian Peninsula and Persian Gulf |
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Trading posts (and eventually cities) developed on the Atlantic coast of Africa as a result of contact with European nations. What nation was the first to sail south along Africa’s coast? England |
Portugal |
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The first European settlements along the coast of sub‑Saharan Africa included St. Louis, Luanda, and Lourenço Marques (now Maputo). From what country did the settlers come? Portugal |
Portugal |
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In an example of a trend in using crowd-sourced information to reveal social problems, Kenya’s MacArthur Award-winning Ushahidi employs what technology? geographic information systems neither A nor B text messaging both A and B |
both A and B |
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Trading posts (and eventually cities) developed on the Atlantic coast of Africa as a result of contact with European nations. What nation was the first to sail south along Africa’s coast? Holland |
Portugal |
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Which one of the following programs could be instituted to reduce the push factors behind rural-to-urban migration in cities such as Dakar? programs that subsidize housing prices in in-town new towns programs that use the media to change potential migrants’ minds about moving programs that strengthen agriculture and connect farmers to markets programs that put tolls on all highways, not just major thoroughfares |
programs that strengthen agriculture and connect farmers to markets |
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The oldest region of urban settlement in sub-Saharan Africa was: the Congo Basin |
the upper Nile and Ethiopia |
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Some cities such as Dakar, with nearby Gorée Island, and Elmina, with its castle, are witnessing the growth of a tourism industry built on: the history of the slave trade excursions to agricultural plantations safaris into the savannas attractive coastal beaches |
the history of the slave trade |
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In the late 20th century, Ghana began to follow the World Bank’s recommendations for economic reform. As a result, Accra: established export-processing zones to attract foreign investment all of the above witnessed a decline in state-controlled businesses put resources into building new roads and upgrading the airport |
all of the above |
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Dodoma, Lilongwe, Yamoussoukro, and Abuja are all: megacities with colonial roots new capital cities planned green cities mining cities of southern Africa |
new capital cities |
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The township of Roma is now inhabited by Lusaka’s professional class. Under the British, it was inhabited exclusively by privileged whites. In both cases, Roma’s maids and gardeners come from the informal settlement to the northwest. This is an example of: how segregation by race has been replaced by segregation by class how physical boundaries shape the character of a neighborhood how economic forces are stronger than social forces in landscape evolution how land use planning can help solve urban problems |
how segregation by race has been replaced by segregation by class |
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