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Education is the social institution by which society provides people with important knowledge, including |
-job skills. -basic facts and information. -cultural norms and values. |
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In low-income nations, most education is a matter of |
what parents and other community members teach their children. |
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The fact that, historically, schooling has been mostly for elites is evident in the fact that the word "school" has the same root as the Greek word for |
"leisure." |
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If you were to enter a school in ancient Greece or China, the students you would find there would be mainly |
the rich. |
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In the world as a whole, about what share of children reach the secondary grades in school? |
two-thirds |
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One major reason that schooling is limited in India is that |
many poor children must work for income. |
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On which of the following continents do we find the most countries with high rates of illiteracy? |
Africa |
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Getting into college in Japan, compared to the United States, is more a matter of |
performance on achievement tests. |
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At what point in our history had a majority of adults in the United States earned a high-school diploma? |
the mid-1960s |
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In the United States today, about what percentage of the adult population has a high school diploma? |
88 percent |
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In the United States today, approximately what percentage of people over the age of twenty-five have earned a four-year college degree? |
31 percent |
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In the United States, the focus of education has always been |
what is practical and job-related. |
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The functions of schooling include |
-socializing the young. -cultural innovation. -helping to integrate a diverse society. |
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Which of the following is a latent function of schooling? |
providing child-care |
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Which of the following statements applies the symbolic-interaction approach to schooling? |
If teachers think some category of students is superior, those same students may end up doing superior work. |
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One result of tracking in schools is that |
the students who get the best schooling are usually those who are more privileged to begin with. |
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Jonathan Kozol criticizes the U.S. educational system for |
unequal funding that makes some schools far better than others. |
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An example of the cultural capital advantage of well-to-do students in U.S. schooling is parents who |
-spend more time reading to their children. -value schooling and encourage their children. -encourage the development of imagination in their children. |
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Comparing school performance, researchers have found that the most important cause of the achievement gap between rich and poor children is |
differences in home environments. |
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As income-level goes up among U.S. families, we find that |
the share of children going to college goes up. |
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Community colleges are an important part of higher education in the United States because they |
-enroll over 40 percent of all college students. -greatly expand the opportunity to attend college. -enroll almost half of African American and Hispanic undergraduates. |
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Considering both African Americans and Hispanic Americans over the age of twenty-five, |
women are more likely than men to have completed four or more years of college. |
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Which of the following correctly states the effect of additional schooling on average income? |
Earning a high school diploma and earning a college degree both raise income levels. |
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According to Theodore Sizer, bureaucracy harms schooling by |
-imposing uniformity on culturally diverse schools. -emphasizing test scores and other numerical ratings. -expecting all students to progress at the same rate. |
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For the United States as a whole, about what percentage of people between ages sixteen and twenty-four drop out before completing high school? |
7 percent |
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