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1. Dr. Matsuko’s major research interest is the long-term effects of child-rearing practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring. It is most likely that Dr. Matsuko is a ________ psychologist. |
b |
|
2. Nutrients and oxygen are transferred from a mother to her developing fetus through the |
d |
|
3. Infants’ tendency to gaze longer at novel stimuli than at familiar ones provides compelling evidence regarding their |
d |
|
4. The importance of schemas was most clearly highlighted by |
b |
|
5. Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a |
b |
|
6. A child’s realization that others may have beliefs that the child knows to be false best illustrates the development of |
c |
|
7. The process of imprinting occurs during a brief developmental phase known as |
d |
|
8. Although 3-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist’s waiting room, he periodically returns to his mother’s side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of |
a |
|
9. "I don’t care whether you want to wash the dishes, you will do so because I said so!" This statement is most representative of a(n) ________ parenting style. |
d |
|
10. Mark believes that choosing to violate government laws is morally justifiable if it is done to protect the lives of innocent people. Kohlberg would suggest that this illustrates ________ morality. |
d |
|
11. Jessica acts so differently with her parents than with her girlfriends that she often thinks her personality is completely phony. Erik Erikson would have suggested that Jessica is experiencing |
c |
|
12. A public initiation into adult responsibilities and status is called a |
c |
|
13. A researcher who administers a personality test to the same children every 3 years as they progress through school is conducting a(n) ________ study. |
a |
|
14. The preferred age for retirement is quite different in Mexico than in Western Europe. This best illustrates that ________ differs from culture to culture. |
d |
|
15. Questions about the extent to which maladaptive habits learned in childhood can be overcome in adulthood are most directly relevant to the issue of |
b |
|
1. Taking certain drugs during pregnancy is likely to expose unborn children to |
c |
|
2. Immediately after birth, infants are able to distinguish between their mothers’ and strangers’ |
b |
|
3. After Nadia learned that penguins can’t fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of |
d |
|
4. During Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, children acquire a |
c |
|
5. Deficient social interaction and an impaired understanding of others’ emotional states is most characteristic of |
a |
|
6. Intense and reactive infants become unusually anxious and aroused when facing new or strange situations. This best illustrates the impact of |
b |
|
7. Marissa resents the burden and constraints of caring for her infant daughter and frequently ignores her cries for attention. As a consequence, her daughter is most likely to display signs of |
c |
|
9. Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) ________ morality. |
c |
|
10. The sexual abuse of a very young child is so emotionally repulsive to most people that they immediately recognize it as shamefully immoral. This best illustrates that moral judgments may reflect |
c |
|
11. The process of developing a sense of identity during adolescence was highlighted by |
a |
|
12. Menopause involves a decline in |
b |
|
13. The tips of chromosomes that wear down as we age are called |
d |
|
14. According to Erikson, older adults can most effectively cope with the prospect of their own death if they have achieved a sense of |
d |
|
15. Mark thinks that language development over the life span requires a slow but steady shaping process. His belief is most directly relevant to the issue of |
a |
|
1. Compared with teenage boys, teenage girls spend |
a |
|
2. Compared with males, females are more likely to base their sense of personal identity on their |
b |
|
3. Females are LESS likely than males to |
c |
|
4. How many human chromosomes are common to both males and females? |
c |
|
5. Puberty is most closely related to the onset of |
b |
|
6. Increasingly, women are expected to take responsibility for political leadership. This best illustrates a change in |
d |
|
7. Because he believes that crying is a feminine trait, 14-year-old George has difficulty admitting that a movie makes him tearful. His experience best illustrates the impact of |
c |
|
8. The removal of a woman’s ovaries may contribute to decreasing sexual interest because her level of ________ is lowered. |
b |
|
9. Masters and Johnson described four stages of |
c |
|
10. Mr. Jen experiences distressing and recurrent urges to inflict suffering on other people in order to become sexually aroused. His difficulty best illustrates |
b |
|
11. In studies that followed hundreds of New Zealand and U.S. girls from age 5 to 18, ________ was linked to sexual activity before age 16. |
c |
|
12. The fraternal birth-order refers to a factor associated with |
d |
|
13. The variability of sexual urges and interests is called |
d |
|
14. Genetically predisposed traits have a reproductive advantage. This fact is best explained in terms of |
b |
|
15. Men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because men are genetically predisposed to seek female features associated with fertility. This suggestion best illustrates |
d |
|
1. Compared with males, females are ________ likely to be diagnosed with autism and ________ likely to suffer alcohol dependence. |
b |
|
2. During their teen years, girls become progressively ________ assertive and boys become progressively ________ domineering. |
d |
|
3. A single ________ on the ________ chromosome plays a crucial role in the prenatal development of external male sex organs. |
c |
|
4. The expectations that men initiate dates and that women select wedding gifts best illustrate aspects of |
d |
|
5. The effect of rewards and punishments on gender typing is most clearly emphasized by |
d |
|
6. The belief that boys have shorter hair than girls is a |
b |
|
7. During which stage of the sexual response cycle does the refractory period begin? |
b |
|
8. Mr. Smith is distressed because his low sexual interest and lack of sexual arousal prevent him from experiencing satisfying sexual relations with his wife. His difficulty best illustrates |
c |
|
9. Teenage girls are especially vulnerable to ________ because of their lower levels of protective antibodies. |
d |
|
10. Which of the following is NOT true with respect to sexual orientation? |
d |
|
11. Women, more than men, prefer to alternate periods of high sexual activity with periods of very little sexual activity. This best illustrates gender differences in |
b |
|
12. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that women’s more relational approach to sex and men’s more recreational approach to sex have contributed to |
b |
|
13. Evolutionary psychologists attribute gender differences in mating preferences to |
b |
|
14. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to attribute a love of your own children to |
d |
|
15. Critics of evolutionary psychology are particularly likely to emphasize that gender differences in mate preference are the result of |
c |
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