Music Appreciation Pt 6 Ch 1-17

Composers in the twentieth century drew inspiration from

folk and popular music from all cultures, European art music from the Middle Ages through the nineteenth century, & the music of Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

The combination of two traditional chords sounding together is known as

a polychord.

Among the unusual playing techniques that were widely used during the twentieth century is the ___, a rapid slide up or down a scale.

glissando.

Who were some of the composers that were stimulated by the folklore of their land.

Igor Stravinsky, Béla Bartók, & Charles Ives.

A chord made of tones only a half step or a whole step apart is known as

a tone cluster.

The absence of key or tonality in a musical composition is known as

atonality.

One of the most striking elements of twentieth-century music that is used to generate power and excitement is

rhythm.

The use of two or more keys at one time is known as

polytonality.

A motive or phrase that is repeated persistently at the same pitch throughout a section is called

ostinato.

In twentieth-century music, melodies are often difficult to sing because

of the wide leaps & rhythmic irregularity.

One of the most important teachers of musical composition in the twentieth century was

Nadia Boulanger.

The best-known American ensemble created in the 1930s by a radio network to broadcast live music was the

NBC Symphony Orchestra.

The most influential organization sponsoring new music after World War I was

the International Society for Contemporary Music.

Recordings of much lesser-known music multiplied in 1948 through

the appearance of long-playing disks.

The first opera created for television was Gian-Carlo Menotti’s

Amahl and the Night Visitors.

Radio broadcasts of live and recorded music began to reach large audiences during the

1920s.

In order to drown the sense of tonality, Debussy

turned to the medieval church modes, borrowed pentatonic scales from Javanese music, & developed the whole-tone scale.

The poem which inspired the Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun was written by

Stéphane Mallarmé.

At the Paris International Exhibition of 1889 Debussy was strongly influenced by the

performances of Asian music.

Debussy’s opera Pelléas et Mélisande is an almost word-for-word setting of the symbolist play by

Maurice Maeterlinck.

As a result of his trips abroad, Debussy developed a lifelong interest in the music of

Russia.

The faun evoked in Debussy’s famous composition is a

creature who is half man, half goat.

Debussy’s music tends to

sound free and almost improvisational.

A painter who went through a neoclassical phase, and who designed sets for Stravinsky’s first neoclassical work, was

Pablo Picasso.

Neoclassical composers favored

tonality.

Characteristics of neoclassicism.

balance, restraint, & clarity.

Neoclassicism was a reaction against

romanticism & impressionism.

Neoclassical compositions are characterized by

forms and stylistic features of earlier periods.

A more appropriate term for "neo-classicism" might be

neo-Baroque.

The famous riot in 1913 was caused by the first performance of Stravinsky’s ballet

The Rite of Spring.

In the 1950s Stravinsky dramatically changed his style, this time drawing inspiration from

Anton Webern.

Stravinsky’s second phase is generally known as

neoclassical.

Stravinsky’s composition teacher was

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.

Stravinsky’s Rite of Spring is scored for

an enormous orchestra.

Sergei Diaghilev was the director of the

Russian Ballet.

Le Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring) is an example of

neoclassicism.

During the period from about 1920 to 1951, Stravinsky drew inspiration largely from

eighteenth-century music.