|
Acromegaly |
Enlargement of extremities after puberty due to pituitary gland problem |
|
Adenectomy |
Removal of a gland |
|
Amniocentesis |
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the sac around the embryo |
|
Anemia |
Decrease in numbers of red blood cells or hemoglobin within red blood cells |
|
Arthralgia |
Pain in a joint |
|
Biopsy |
Microscopic examination of living tissue |
|
Cancerous tumor |
Carcinoma |
|
carcinoma |
Cancerous tumor |
|
Cell membrane |
Allows materials to pass into and out of the cell |
|
Cerebral |
Pertaining to the largest part of the brain |
|
Chronic |
Continuing over a long period of time |
|
Coccyx |
The tailbone is the |
|
Cranial |
The pituitary gland is in which body cavity? |
|
Craniotomy |
Incision of the skull |
|
cystitis |
Inflammation of the urinary bladder |
|
Cystoscopy |
Visual examination of the urinary bladder |
|
Cytology |
Study of cells |
|
Death |
necr/o |
|
Deoxyribonucleic acid |
Genes are composed of |
|
Diagnosis |
Made on the basis of complete knowledge about the patient’s condition |
|
Diaphragm |
Muscular wall separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities |
|
Electroencephalogram |
Record of electricity in the brain |
|
Endoplasmic reticulum |
Part of the cell where formation of proteins occurs |
|
endoscope |
Instrument to examine within |
|
Fat |
Adipose means pertaining to |
|
Gastrectomy |
Gastric resection |
|
-graph |
Instrument to record |
|
hematoma |
Collection of blood |
|
Hepatoma |
Tumor of the liver |
|
Hyperglycemia |
High level of sugar in the blood |
|
Hypertrophy |
Excessive development |
|
Hypochondriac regions |
The upper lateral regions of the abdomen, beneath the ribs, are the |
|
iatrogenic |
Pertaining to produced by treatment: |
|
inguinal |
Pertaining to the groin |
|
Laryngectomy |
Removal of the voice box |
|
Larynx |
Voice box |
|
Leukemia |
Increase in numbers of malignant white blood cells |
|
Myelogram |
X-ray record of the spinal cord |
|
Nephrosis |
Abnormal condition of the kidney |
|
neurectomy |
Resection of a nerve |
|
-oid |
Resembling |
|
Opthalmoscope |
Instrument to view the eye |
|
Osteitis |
Inflammation of a joint |
|
Osteotomy |
Incision of a bone |
|
Otalgia |
Pain in the ear |
|
pericardium |
Membrane surrounding the heart |
|
pneumonia |
Condition (disease) of the lung |
|
Prolapse |
-ptosis |
|
Psychosis |
Abnormal condition of the mind |
|
Rhinitis |
Inflammation of the nose |
|
Sagittal |
Pertaining to a plane that divides the body into right and left portions |
|
Sarcoma |
Malignant tumor of flesh tissue |
|
-sclerosis |
The opposite of -malacia is |
|
-scope |
Instrument to visually examine |
|
Skin cell |
An epithelial cell is a(an): |
|
Space between the membranes around the lungs |
The pleural cavity is the |
|
-stomy |
Surgical creation of a permanent opening to the outside of the body |
|
Supine |
Lying on the back |
|
-therapy |
Treatment |
|
thoracic |
Pertaining to the chest |
|
Throat |
Esophagus |
|
Tissues |
A histologist studies |
|
Tonsillitis |
Inflammation of lymph tissue in the throat |
|
Transhepatic |
Pertaining to through the liver |
|
Viscera |
Internal organs |
|
nucleus |
Control center of the cell, containing chromosomes |
|
anabolism |
The process of building up proteins in a cell |
|
metabolism |
the total of the chemical processes in a cell is known as |
|
histologist |
a scientist who studies tissue |
|
genes |
regions of DNA within a chromosome |
|
pharynx |
name for throat |
|
adipose tissue |
collection of fat cells |
|
trachea |
windpipe |
|
ureter |
tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder |
|
larynx |
voice box |
|
pleura |
membrane surrounding the lungs |
|
cartilage |
flexible connective tissue at joints |
|
urethra |
tube from the urinary bladder to outside of body |
|
cranial cavity |
cavity surrounded by the skull |
|
thoracic cavity |
cavity in chest surrounded by ribs |
|
pelvic cavity |
cavity surrounded by the hip bone |
|
spinal cavity |
cavity surrounded by the backbones |
|
abdominal cavity |
cavity below the chest containing digestive organs |
|
cervical |
region of the neck |
|
thoracic |
region of the chest |
|
lumbar |
region of the waist |
|
sacrum |
region of the sacrum |
|
cocygeal |
region of the tailbone |
|
superficial |
opposite of deep |
|
distal |
opposite of proximal |
|
supine |
opposite of prone |
|
ventral |
opposite of dorsal |
|
lateral |
The left lung lies _____ to the heart |
|
proximal |
the ____ end of the humerus is at the shoulder |
|
superior |
the liver lies ____ to the intestines |
|
vertebra |
A back bone is called a _____ |
|
distal |
The ____ end of the thigh bone (femur) joins with the knee cap |
|
transverse |
the ____ plane divides the body into upper and lower portions |
|
sagital |
the ___ plane divides the body into right and left portions |
|
inferior caudal |
the diaphragm lies ____ (_____) to the organs in the thoracic cavity |
|
craniotomy |
removal of diseased portion |
|
epigastric |
above the stomach |
|
chondroma |
benign tumor |
|
umbilical |
pertaining to the navel |
|
posterior |
pertaining to the back of body |
|
intervertebral |
between back bone |
|
mediastinum |
space between the lungs |
|
pituitary gland |
endocrine gland at the base of the brain |
|
mitochondria |
sausage-shaped cellular structures in which catabolism takes place |
|
epidermal |
pertaining to skin (surface) cells |
|
sarcoma |
tumor of flesh (malignant) |
|
visceral |
pertaining to internal organs |
|
karyotype |
picture of chromosomes in cell of nucleus |
|
right upper quadrant |
what does RUQ stand for? |
|
Lumbar 5 sacral 1 |
What does L5-S1 stand for? |
|
chondrosarcoma |
malignant tumor of connective tissue |
|
epithelial cells |
___ ___ lines external body surface and internal surfaces of organs |
|
histology |
study of tissues |
|
inguinal |
pertaining to the groin |
|
thyroid gland |
secretory organ in the neck |
|
diaphragm |
muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities |
|
sagital |
lateral |
|
supine |
lying on back |
|
peritoneum |
membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity |
|
medial |
between proximal and distal |
|
proximal |
closest to attachment of limb |
|
distal |
farthest from trunk |
|
anterior |
pertaining to the front |
|
craniotomy |
incision of the skull |
|
cytoplasm |
contents of the cell (apart from nucleus and cell membrane) |
|
iliac |
pertaining to the ilium |
|
lumbosacral |
pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions |
|
nucleic |
pertaining to the nucleus |
|
thoracotomy |
incision of the chest |
|
ventral |
pertaining to the belly side of the body |
|
anabolic |
pertaining to casting up; building up substances (proteins) in the cell |
|
catabolism |
process of casting down; breaking down material in the cell to release energy |
|
hypochondriac regions |
pertaining to under the rib cartilages (area of the abdomen) |
|
endoplasmic reticulum |
part of the cell where formation of proteins occurs |
|
metabolism |
sum of the chemical porcesses in a cell |
|
mitochondria |
part of a cell where catabolism primarily occurs |
|
cell membrane |
allows materials to pass into and out of the cell |
|
DNA |
genes are composed of |
|
skin cell |
An epithelial cell is a(n) |
|
cranial |
the pituitary gland is in which body cavity? |
|
Larynx |
Structure in the trachea |
|
coccyx |
the tailbone is the |
|
liver |
the RUQ contains the |
|
disk |
a piece of cartilage between backbones |
|
left upper quadrant |
what does LUQ stand for? |
|
right lower quadrant |
what does RLQ stand for? |
|
spinal column |
bone tissue surrounding the spinal cavity |
|
spina cord |
nervous tissue within the spinal cavity |
|
hypogastric |
lower middle region below the umbilical region |
|
RUQ |
contains the liver(right lobe), gallbladder, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines |
|
LUQ |
Contains the liver (left lobe), stomach, spleen, part of the pancreas, parts of the small and large intestines |
|
RLQ |
contains parts of the small and large intestines, right ovary, right fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter |
|
LLQ |
contains parts of the small and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter |
|
amniocentesis |
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the sac around the embryo |
|
tonsillitis |
inflammation of lymph tissue in the throat |
|
ptosis |
prolapse |
|
ischemia |
blood is held back from an area |
|
necr/o |
death |
|
acromegaly |
enlargement of extremities after puberty due to pituitary gland problems |
|
otalgia |
pain in the ear |
|
chronic |
continuing over a long period of time |
|
arteriole |
small artery |
|
scope |
instrument to visually examine |
|
cystocele |
hernia of the urinary bladder |
|
myelogram |
x-ray record of the spinal cord |
|
myeloma |
tumor of bone marrow (cancerous) |
|
coccus |
berry shaped (spheroidal) bacteria |
|
polymorphonuclear leukocyte |
neutrophil |
|
graphy |
instrument to record |
|
oid |
resembling |
|
leukocyte |
an eosinophil is an |
|
laryngectomy |
removal of the voice box |
|
angioplasty |
surgical repair of a blood vessel |
|
lymphocyte |
a blood cell that produces antibodies |
|
sclerosis |
hardening (opposite of malacia) |
|
hypertrophy |
excessive development |
|
therapy |
treatment |
|
stomy |
surgical creation of a permanent opening to the outside of the body |
|
myelogram |
record of the spinal cord |
|
angiography |
process of recording blood vessels |
|
myalgia |
pain of a muscle |
|
thoracocentesis |
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest |
|
staphlococci |
berry shaped bacteria in clusters |
|
laryngectomy |
resection of the voice box |
|
ischemia |
holding back of blood(from cells) |
|
cystocele |
hernia of the urinary bladder |
|
thrombocyte |
a clotting cell,platelet |
|
erythrocyte |
a red blood cell |
|
neutrophril |
a granulocytic white blood cell that destroys cells by engulfing and digesting them,polymorphonuclear leukocyte |
|
monocyte |
a mononuclear leukocyte that is a phagocyte |
|
lymphocytes |
a mononuclear leukocyte that destroys foreign cells by making antibodies |
|
eosinophils |
a leukocyte whose granules turn red with stain and whose numbers are elevated in allergic reactions |
|
acrophobia |
fear of heights(extremities) |
|
myosarcoma |
flesh (malignant) tumor of muscle |
|
morphology |
study of shape (of cells) |
|
blepharitis |
inflammation of an eyelid |
|
chondromalacia |
softening of cartilage |
|
myeloma |
tumor of bone marrow |
|
cardiomypathy |
disease of heart muscle |
|
pertaining to the lungs |
pulmonary |
|
pertaining to death |
necrotic |
|
pertaining to the groin |
inguinal |
|
tissue surrounding the heart |
pericardium |
|
hardening fatty material in the artery |
arteriosclerosis |
|
record of the spinal cord |
myelogram |
|
enlargemnt of the liver |
hepatomegaly |
|
new opening in the tracheal |
tracheostomy |
|
inflammation in the tonsills |
tonsillitis |
|
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen |
abdominocentesis |
|
pain associated with the pleura |
pleurodynia |
|
study of the eye |
ophthalmology |
|
berry or spherical shaped bacteria in clusters |
staphylococci |
|
beyond control(spread of a cancerous tumor) |
metastasis |
|
pertaining to the voice box |
laryngeal |
|
condition disease of the lung |
pneumonia |
|
hernia of the urinary bladder |
cystocele |
|
deficiency in white blood cells |
leukopenia |
|
excessive development |
hypertrophy |
|
pertaining to the groin |
inguinal |
|
clotting cell |
platelet |
|
incision of a vein |
phlebotomy |
|
small vein |
venule |
|
inguinal |
pertaining to the groin |
|
blepharoptosis |
prolapse of an eyelid |
|
cardiomypathy |
disease of heart muscle |
|
mastectomy |
resection of the breast |
|
otalgia |
ear pain |
|
laryngeal |
pertaining to the voice box |
|
angiogenesis |
formation of blood vessels |
|
peritoneal |
pertaining to the membrane surounding the abdomen |
|
hemolysis |
destruction of blood |
|
laparotomy |
incision of the abdomen |
|
metastasis |
spread of a malignant tumor |
|
ischemia |
holding back blood from tissues |
|
acrophobia |
fear of heights |
|
tracheostomy |
new opening of the windpipe to the outside of the body |
|
necrosis |
abnormal condition of death of cells |
|
cystocele |
hernia in the urinary bladder |
|
electroencephalogram |
record of the electricity in the brain |
|
thrombocytopenia |
deficiency of clotting cells(platelets) |
|
biopsy |
removal of living tissue and examination under a microscope |
|
hydronephrosis |
abnormal condition of fluid in the kidney |
|
stretococcus |
berry shaped bacteria in twisted chains |
|
intracostal |
pertaining to – between the ribs (-al = pertaining to, intra- = between, cost/o = ribs) |
|
contralateral |
pertaining to the opposite side (-al = pertaining to) |
|
exophthalamos |
protrusion of an eyeball |
|
syndactyly |
a congenital anomaly (congenital = present at birth) |
|
symbiosis |
parasitism is an example of … ? |
|
prodrome |
symptoms precede an illness (like a fever, or rash) |
|
ante cibum |
before meals |
|
antibodies |
protein substances made by leukocytes (anti- = against) |
|
symphysis |
bones grow together, as in the pelvis |
|
ultrasonography |
sound waves and echoes are used to create an image |
|
metamorphosis |
change in shape or form |
|
hypertrophy |
increase in cell size, increased development (-trophy = development) |
|
hyperglycemia |
excessive sugar in the blood |
|
retroperitoneal |
behind the abdomen (retro- = back, behind) (peri = around, surrounding) |
|
antigen |
streptococci is an example of an …? |
|
relapse |
return of disease symptoms |
|
dia- |
complete, through (as in Diagnosis) |
|
abductor muscle |
Ab ("b" faces away) carries a limb AWAY from the body |
|
adductor muscle |
Ad ("d" faces toward) pulls limb TOWARD the body. |
|
dyspnea |
difficult breathing (pnea = breathing, dys- = difficult) |
|
slow |
Brady- |
|
Tachycardia |
rapid heartbeat (cardia = heartbeat, tachy- = rapid or fast) |
|
parathyroid glands |
located on the dorsal side of an endocrine gland in the neck (the thyroid gland) para = near |
|
Recombinant DNA |
gene from one organism is inserted (recombined) into another organism |
|
epithelium |
Skin cells. Surface cells that line internal organs and found in the skin. |
|
percutaneous |
through the skin |
|
anoxia |
condition of no oxygen |
|
antisepsis |
against infection |
|
congenital anomaly |
irregularity present at birth (such as … born with webbed toes) |
|
antepartum |
before birth |
|
apnea |
not breathing |
|
contralateral |
pertaining to opposite side |
|
metamorphosis |
condition of change of shape or form |
|
malaise |
vague feeling of bodily discomfort |
|
pancytopenia |
deficiency of ALL blood cells |
|
metasasis |
spread of a cancerous tumor to a secondary organ or tissue |
|
exophthalmos |
eyeballs that bulge outward |
|
paralysis |
loss of movement in muscles |
|
prodrome |
symptoms that appear before an illness (such as a rash or fever) |
|
remission |
symptoms lessen |
|
relapse |
disease or symptoms return |
|
neoplasm |
new growth (tumor) |
|
syndactyly |
webbed fingers or toes |
|
Cec/o |
The combining form of the first part of the large intestine is |
|
Celiac |
Pertaining to the abdomen |
|
Peristalsis |
Muscular wave-like movement to transport food through the digestive system |
|
Pulp |
Part of the tooth that contains a rich supply of nerves and blood vessels |
|
Gums |
Gingivo/o means |
|
Pertaing to the cheek |
Buccal means |
|
Hyerbilirubinemia |
High blood levels of a pigment released by the liver with bile |
|
Common bile duct |
Carries bile into the duodenum |
|
Amylase |
Enzyme to digest starch |
|
Crohn disease |
Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract |
|
Sphincter |
Ring of muscle |
|
Periodontist |
Specialist in gum |
|
Mouth |
Stomat/o means |
|
Labi/o |
Cheil/o means the same as |
|
Sialadenolithiasis |
Stone in salivary gland |
|
Mesentery |
Membrane that connects parts of the small intestine |
|
Colostomy |
New opening from the large bowel to the surface of the body |
|
Steatorrhea |
Fats are improperly digested and appear in the feces |
|
Anorexia |
Lack of appetite |
|
Icterus |
Another term for jaundice |
|
Swollen, twisted veins |
Esophageal varices are |
|
Deverticula |
Abnormal side pockets in a hollow organ, such as the intestine |
|
Intussusception |
Telescoping of the intestine |
|
Dysphagia |
Difficulting in swallowing |
|
Oral leukoplakia |
White plaques on the mucosa of the mouth |
|
Pertaing to the cheek |
Buccal means |
|
spitting up blood from the respiratory tract and lungs |
hemoptysis |
|
suture |
rrhaphy |
|
new opening between parts of the jejuno |
jejunujejunostomy |
|
dliation of a lymph vessel |
lymphangiectasis |
|
difficult digestion |
dyspepsia |
|
pyloric stenosis |
narrowing of the opening between the stomach and the intestine |
|
which test will tell the presence of melena |
stool guaiac |
|
an ulcer would most likely be detected by which test |
gastroscopy |
|
esophageal atresia |
esophagus does not open to the stomach at birth |
|
bursting forth of blood from the spleen |
splenorrhagia |
|
lipase is |
an enzyme that digest fat |
|
palatoplasty |
surgical repair of the roof of the mouth |
|
which test are liver function test |
serum bilirubin, alp, ast, alt |
|
which test would demonstrate choledocholithiasis |
transhepatic cholangiography |
|
opposite of ectasis |
stenosis |
|
flow discharge |
rrhea |
|
anastomosis |
cholecystojejunostomy |
|
common bile duct |
choledocho |
|
forward protrusion of the eye |
proptois |
|
surgical procedure to remove fuid from the abdomen |
paracentesis |
|
twisting of part of the intestine upon itself |
cecal volvulus |
|
periodontal procedure |
gingivectomy |
|
heavy menstrual discharge |
menorrhagia |
|
visual examination of the abdomen |
laparoscopy |
|
salivary stones |
sialothiasis |
|
pepsia |
digestion |
|
ptysis |
spitting |
|
emesis |
vomiting |
|
ptosis |
drooping, sagging |
|
rrhagia |
bursting forth of blood |
|
phagia |
swallowing eating |
|
plasty |
surgical repair |
|
rrhaphy |
suture |
|
ectasis |
widening dilation |
|
stenosis |
narrowing |
|
stasis |
stop control |
|
lysis |
seperation, destruction |
|
ptosis |
drooping, sagging |
|
rrhea |
flow discharge |
|
polyphagia |
excessive eating |
|
odynophagia |
painful swallowing |
|
proptosis |
abnormal protusion of the eyeball |
|
esophageal atresia |
the esophagus is not open to the stomach at birth |
|
surgical repair of the eyelid |
blepharoplasty |
|
incision of a ring of muscles |
sphincterotomy |
|
suture of a weakened muscular wall |
herniorrhaphy |
|
new surgical connection between the stomach and the first part of the small intestine |
gastroduodenal anastomosis |
|
new opening of the first part of the colon to the outside of the body |
cecostomy |
|
removal of gum tissue |
gingivectomy |
|
surgical puncture of the abdomen for withdrawal of fluid |
paracentesis |
|
difficult swallowing |
dysphagia |
|
pertaining to the cheek |
buccal |
|
enlargement of the liver |
hepatomegaly |
|
pertaining to under the tongue |
sublingual |
|
pertaining to the common bile duct |
choledochal |
|
apthous stomatitis |
inflammation of the mouth with small ulcers |
|
lipase |
enzyme to digest fat |
|
cheilosis |
abnormal condition of the lip |
|
sialadenectomy |
removal of a salivary gland |
|
periodontal membrane |
tissue surrounding a tooth |
|
colectomy |
removal of the colon |
|
tube is inserted through the nose into the stomach |
nasogastric intubation |
|
measurement of the bile pigment in the blood |
serum bilirubin |
|
xray examination of the lower gastrointestinal tract |
barium enema |
|
test to reveal hidden blood in feces |
stool guaiac hemoccult |
|
sound waves are used to image abdominal organs |
abdominal ultrasonography |
|
feces are placed in a growth medium for bacterial analysis |
liver biopsy |
|
contrast material is injected through an endoscope and xrays are taken of the pancreas and bile ducts |
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
|
radioactive material is injected and image recorded of uptake in liver cells |
liver scan |
|
tranverse xray pictures of abdominal organs |
ct of the abdomen |
|
xray images of the esophagus, stomach and small intestines after administering barium by mouth |
upper gastrointestinal series |
|
contrast material is injected through the liver and xrays are taken of bile vessels |
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography |
|
difficult digestion |
dyspepsia |
|
vomiting blood |
hematemesis |
|
forward protusion of the eye |
proptosis |
|
discharge of pus (gingivitis) |
PERIONDONTAL DISEASE |
|
dilation of tube leading into lung |
bronchiectasis |
|
esophagus does not open to the stomach at birth |
congenital esophageal atresia |
|
suture of an abdominal protusion |
herniorrhaphy |
|
surgical repair of the lip and mouth |
cheilostmmatoplasty |
|
removal of the large bowel |
colectomy |
|
pertaining to the common bile duct |
choledochal |
|
spitting up blood |
hemoptysis |
|
pertaining to the cheek |
buccal |
|
an anastomosis |
cholecystojejunostomy |
|
difficult swallowing |
dysphagia |
|
removal of gum tissue |
gingivectomy |
|
removal of the gallbladder |
cholecystectomy |
|
painful menstruation |
dysmenorrhea |
|
narrowing of a ring muscles |
pyloric stenosis |
|
ulcers and inflammation of the mouth |
apthous stomatitis |
|
pertaining to the throat and mouth |
glossopharyngeal |
|
herniorrhaphy |
suture of a hernia |
|
hematemesis |
vomiting blood |
|
cholestasis |
stoppage of flow of bile |
|
lymphangiectasis |
dilation of lymph vessels |
|
blepharoplasty |
surgical repair of the eyelid |
|
choledochal |
pertaining to the common bile duct |
|
glossotomy |
incision of the toungue |
|
stenosis |
narrowing |
|
chielosis |
abnormal condition of the lip |
|
record of bile vessels |
cholangiogram |
|
not open |
atresia |
|
spitting up blood |
HEMOPTYSIS |
|
destruction of blood |
hemolysis |
|
celiac |
pertaining to the abdomen |
|
rrhagia |
bursting forth of blood |
|
rrhea |
discharge flow |
|
tomy |
incision |
|
phagia |
swallowing, eating |
|
ptosis |
drooping |
|
spasm |
involuntary contraction |
|
rrhaphy |
suture |
|
stenosis |
narrowing |
|
stomy |
new opening |
|
ectasis |
widening,dilation |
|
dyspepsia |
difficult digestion |
|
dysphagia |
difficulty in swallowing |
|
hematemesis |
Vomiting of blood |
|
glossotomy |
incision of the toungue |
|
enterorrhaphy |
suture of the intestine |
|
atresia |
no opening |
|
apthous stomatitis |
inflammation of the mouth w/small painful ulcers(canker sores) |
|
amylo |
starch |
|
appendico |
appendix |
|
bili |
bile |
|
broncho |
bronchial tubes |
|
celio |
abdomen |
|
cheilo |
lip |
|
cholangio |
bile vessels |
|
cibo |
meal |
|
ano |
anus |
|
denti |
tooth |
|
duodeno |
duodenum |
|
entero |
small intestine |
|
esophago |
esophagus |
|
colo |
colon |
|
etio |
cause |
|
glosso |
tongue |
|
glyco |
sugar |
|
hemo |
blood |
|
laparo |
abdomen |
|
cholecysto |
gallbladder |
|
pharyngo |
throat |
|
lymphangio |
lymph vessel |
|
mandibulo |
mandible; lower jaw |
|
odyno |
painful |
|
oro |
mouth |
|
procto |
anus and rectum |
|
meno |
menstruation |
|
proteo |
protein |
|
pyloro |
pylorus |
|
recto |
rectum |
|
sialadeno |
salivary gland |
|
stomato |
mouth |
|
centesis |
surgical puncture |
|
chezia |
defecation, elimination of wastes |
|
ectasia |
widening |
|
ectomy |
excision, removal |
|
graphy |
process of recording |
|
prandial |
Meal |
|
orexia |
appetite |
|
tresia |
opening |
|
iasis |
Abnormal Condition |
|
lysis |
breakdown |
|
Portion of the urinary bladder |
Trigone |
|
Glomerular |
Pertaining to small balls of capillaries in the kidney |
|
Meatal stenosis |
Narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body |
|
Electrolyte |
Sodium |
|
Nitrogenous waste |
Creatinine |
|
Renal pelvis |
pyel/o |
|
A term that means no urine production is |
Anuria |
|
Surrounding the urinary bladder |
Perivesical |
|
Uremia |
Azotemia |
|
X-ray of the urinary tract |
KUB |
|
Oliguria |
Scanty urination |
|
Diabetes insipidus is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT |
Glycosuria |
|
Hernia of the tube connecting the kidney and urinary bladder |
Ureterocele |
|
Artifical kidney machine |
hemodialysis |
|
Nephrolithotomy |
Incision to remove a renal calculus |
|
Protein in the urine |
Albuminuria |
|
Renal abscess may lead to |
Pyuria |
|
Alkaline |
Basic |
|
A group of symptoms marked by edema, proteinuria,and hypoalbuminenia |
nephrotic syndrome |
|
High levels of ketones in the blood can lead to |
Acidosis |
|
Childhood renal carcinoma |
Wilms tumor |
|
Urine is held in the bladder |
Urinary retention |
|
Test that measures the amount of urea in the blood |
BUN |
|
Nephrosclerosis |
Hardening of blood vessels in the kidney |
|
Lithotripsy |
Shock waves crush urinary tract stones |
|
high blood pressure that is idiopathic |
essential hypertension |
|
malignant tumor of the kidney |
hypernephroma |
|
high blood pressure caused by kidney disease |
secondary hypertension |
|
a tube for withdrawing or giving fluid |
catheter |
|
swelling, fluid in tissues |
edema |
|
inadequate secretion of ADH |
diabetes insipidus |
|
a narrowed area in a tube |
stricture |
|
Central collecting region in the kidney |
renal pelvis |
|
Chemical element carrying an electrical charge when dissolved in water; sodium and potassium are examples |
electrolyte |
|
Tube for injecting or removing fluids |
catheter |
|
Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate production of red blood cells by bone marrow |
erythropoietin |
|
Inner region of an organ |
medulla |
|
Outer region of an organ |
cortex |
|
Tiny ball of capillaries in outer area of kidney |
glomerulus |
|
Urination; micturition |
voiding |
|
Nitrogenous waste product of muscle metabolism excreted in urine |
creatinine |
|
Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine |
urinary bladder |
|
hematuria |
Blood in the urine |
|
diuresis |
Excessive urination |
|
abscess |
Collection of pus |
|
uremia |
Excessive urea in the bloodstream |
|
perivesical |
Pertaining to surrounding the urinary bladder |
|
dysuria |
Painful urination |
|
cortical |
Pertaining to the outer section of an organ |
|
medullary |
Pertaining to in inner section of an organ |
|
renal cell carcinoma |
Malignant tumor of the kidney |
|
enuresis |
Bedwetting |
|
How many kidneys? |
2 |
|
How many ureters? |
2 |
|
How many urinary bladders? |
1 |
|
How many urethra? |
1 |
|
Adnexa uteri |
Accessory parts of the uterus; fallopian tubes and ovaries. |
|
Amenorrhea |
Absence of menstrual flow. |
|
Amniocentesis |
Surgical puncture with a needle to withdraw fluid from within the amniotic sac. |
|
Amnion |
Innermost membranous sac surrounding the developing fetus. |
|
Amniotic fluid |
Fluid contained within the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus. |
|
Anovulatory |
Not accompanied by ovulation (release of eggs from the ovary). |
|
Areola |
Dark, pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple. |
|
Bartholin glands |
Two small mucus-secreting glands near the opening of the vagina to the outside of the body. |
|
Bilateral oophorectomy |
Excision or removal of both ovaries. |
|
Cephalic version |
Procedure for turning the fetus so that its head is the presenting part to enter the birth canal first. |
|
Cervix |
Necklike, lower portion of the uterus. |
|
Choriogenesis |
Formation of the chorion, the outermost membrane surrounding the fetus. |
|
Chorion |
Outermost membrane surrounding the developing fetus. It forms the fetal part of the placenta. |
|
Chorionic |
Pertaining to the chorion. |
|
Clitoris |
Sensitive erectile tissue, outside the body in front of the opening of the female urethra. |
|
Coitus |
Sexual intercourse. |
|
Colposcopy |
Visual examination of the vagina using an endoscope (colposcope). |
|
Corpus luteum |
Yellow glandular mass (corpus) formed by an ovarian follicle that has matured and discharged its ovum. It secretes progesterone to maintain pregnancy. |
|
Cul-de-sac |
Region in the lower abdomen between the uterus and the rectum. |
|
Culdocentesis |
Surgical (needle) puncture of the cul-de-sac to remove fluid for analysis and diagnosis of disease. |
|
Dysmenorrhea |
Painful, difficult menses (menstruation). |
|
Dyspareunia |
Painful sexual intercourse. |
|
Dystocia |
Difficult childbirth. |
|
Embryo |
Stage in prenatal development from two to six weeks. |
|
Endocervicitis |
Inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix (lower, necklike portion of the uterus). |
|
Endometritis |
Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (upper portion). |
|
Endometrium |
Inner, mucous membrane lining of the uterus. |
|
Episiotomy |
Incision of the vulva (perineum) to widen the opening of the vagina during a difficult childbirth. |
|
Estrogen |
Ovarian hormone that promotes female secondary sex characteristics and sexual development. |
|
Fallopian tube |
One of a pair of ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus (oviducts or uterine tubes). |
|
Fertilization |
Union of the egg (ovum) and sperm cell. |
|
Fetal presentation |
Manner in which the fetus enters the birth canal. |
|
Fetus |
Stage in prenatal development from 6 to 39 or 40 weeks. |
|
Fimbriae |
Finger or fringe-like ends of the fallopian tubes. |
|
Follicle-stimulating hormone |
Secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of (FSH) the egg cell (ovum). |
|
Galactorrhea |
Excessive or abnormal secretion of milk after breast-feeding has ended. |
|
Gamete |
Reproductive cell (ovum or sperm cell). |
|
Genitalia |
Reproductive organs (genitals). |
|
Gestation |
Nine-month period during which a fertilized egg cell develops into an infant; pregnancy. |
|
Gonad |
Female or male reproductive organ that produces sex cells and hormones. |
|
Gynecology |
Study of the female reproductive organs, including the breasts. |
|
Gynecomastia |
Female-like breast enlargement in a male. |
|
Human chorionic |
Secreted by the placenta to sustain pregnancy.gonadotropin |
|
Hymen |
Mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina. |
|
Hysterectomy |
Removal of the uterus. |
|
Hysteroscopy |
Visual examination (endoscopic) of the uterus. |
|
Intrauterine device (IUD) |
Device inserted by a physician into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. |
|
Involution |
Shrinking of the uterus (womb) to its normal size after childbirth. |
|
Labia |
Lips of the vagina. |
|
Lactation |
Production of milk. |
|
Lactiferous ducts |
Tubes that carry milk throughout the breast. |
|
Lactogenesis |
Production of milk. |
|
Leukorrhea |
White to yellow discharge from the vagina. |
|
Luteinizing hormone (LH) |
Secreted by the pituitary gland to promote ovulation. |
|
Mammary |
Pertaining to the breast. |
|
Mammary papilla |
Nipple of the breast. |
|
Mammoplasty |
Surgical repair of the breast (augmentation or reduction surgery). |
|
Mastectomy |
Removal (excision) of a breast. |
|
Mastitis |
Inflammation of a breast. |
|
Menarche |
Beginning of the first menstrual period (menses). |
|
Menometrorrhagia |
Excessive uterine bleeding during menstruation and also between menstrual periods. |
|
Menopause |
Gradual ending of menstruation. |
|
Menorrhea |
Menstruation; monthly discharge of blood from the lining of the uterus. |
|
Menorrhagia |
Abnormally heavy or long menstrual periods. |
|
Menstruation |
Monthly shedding of the lining of the uterus; menses. |
|
Metrorrhagia |
Bleeding between menstruations. |
|
Multigravida |
A woman who has been pregnant more than once. |
|
Multipara |
A woman who has delivered more than one viable infant. |
|
Myomectomy |
Removal of muscle tumors (fibroids) from the uterus. |
|
Myometrium |
Muscle layer of the uterus. |
|
Neonatal |
Newborn. |
|
Neonatology |
Study of newborns. |
|
Nullipara |
A woman who has never given birth to an infant. |
|
Obstetrics |
Branch of medicine dealing with the care of women during pregnancy and childbirth. |
|
Oligomenorrhea |
Scanty menstrual flow. |
|
Oogenesis |
Formation of ova (egg cells). |
|
Oophoritis |
Inflammation of an ovary. |
|
Orifice |
An opening. |
|
Ovarian |
Pertaining to an ovary. |
|
Ovarian follicle |
Tiny sac in the ovary that contains an egg cell (ovum). |
|
Ovary |
One of two female reproductive organs (gonads) that produce egg cells and female hormones (estrogen and progesterone). |
|
Ovulation |
Release of an egg cell from an ovary. |
|
Ovum |
Egg cell; plural is ova. |
|
Oxytocia |
Rapid labor and childbirth. |
|
Oxytocin |
Secretion of the pituitary gland causing contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulation of milk secretion from the breast. |
|
Parturition |
Act of giving birth. |
|
Perineorrhaphy |
Suture of the perineum (following an episiotomy). |
|
Perineum |
Area between the anus and vagina in females and the area between the anus and scrotal sac in males. |
|
Pituitary gland |
Endocrine gland at the base of the brain. |
|
Placenta |
Vascular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy. |
|
Prenatal |
Pertaining to before birth. |
|
Pregnancy |
Condition of having a developing embryo and fetus in the body for about 40 weeks; gestation. |
|
Primigravida |
A woman during her first pregnancy. |
|
Primipara |
A woman who has given birth to her first child. |
|
Primiparous |
Pertaining to a woman who has given birth to her first child. |
|
Progesterone |
Hormone secreted by the ovaries; maintains the lining of the uterus during pregnancy. |
|
Pseudocyesis |
False pregnancy. |
|
Puberty |
Period during which secondary sex characteristics begin to develop and the ability to reproduce begins. |
|
Pyosalpinx |
Pus in a fallopian tube. |
|
Retroversion |
Tipping backward of an organ or a part of the body; as in the uterus. |
|
Salpingectomy |
Removal of a fallopian tube. |
|
Salpingitis |
Inflammation of a fallopian tube. |
|
Uterine serosa |
Outermost layer surrounding the uterus. |
|
Uterus |
Hollow, pear-shaped muscular female organ in which the embryo and fetus develop; womb. |
|
Vagina |
Muscular, mucosal tube extending from the uterus (cervix) to the exterior of the body. |
|
Vaginal orifice |
Opening of the vagina to the exterior of the body. |
|
Vaginitis |
Inflammation of the vagina. |
|
Vulva |
External female genitalia; labia, clitoris and vaginal orifice. |
|
Vulvovaginitis |
Inflammation of the vulva and vagina. |
|
Zygote |
Stage in prenatal development from fertilization and implantation to two weeks. |
|
Abortion |
Premature ending of pregnancy before the embryo or fetus is able to exist on its own. |
|
Abruptio placentae |
Premature detachment of the placenta from its place in the uterine wall. |
|
Apgar score |
System of scoring an infant’s physical condition at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. |
|
Aspiration |
Withdrawal of fluid from a cavity or sac with an instrument using suction. |
|
Carcinoma in situ |
Cancerous tumor that is localized and has not spread either to nearby tissue or through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. |
|
Carcinoma of the breast |
Malignant tumor of breast tissue; breast cancer. |
|
Carcinoma of the cervix |
Malignant cells within the cervix (lower portion of the uterus). |
|
Carcinoma of the endometrium |
Malignant tumor of the uterus (endometrium). |
|
Cauterization |
Destruction of tissue by burning. |
|
Cervical dysplasia |
Abnormal cells in the cervix (lower, neck-like region of the uterus). |
|
Cervicitis |
Inflammation of the cervix. |
|
Cesarean section |
Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus. |
|
Chlamydia |
Type of bacteria that causes pelvic inflammatory disease and infection in the reproductive tract of women and men. |
|
Choriocarcinoma |
Malignant tumor of the placenta. |
|
Chorionic villus sampling |
Sampling of placental tissues (chorionic villi) for prenatal diagnosis. |
|
Colposcopy |
Visual examination of the vagina and uterine cervix using an optical magnifying instrument called a colposcope. |
|
Conization |
Removal of a cone-shaped section of the cervix. |
|
Cryocauterization |
Use of freezing cold temperature to burn and destroy tissue. |
|
Culdocentesis |
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the cul-de-sac. |
|
Cystadenocarcinoma |
Malignant tumor containing fluid-filled sacs and glandular tissue; commonly occurring in the ovaries. |
|
Cystadenoma |
Benign tumor of cystic and glandular components, commonly found in the ovaries. |
|
Dermoid cyst |
Ovarian cysts lined with a variety of cell types (hair, skin, teeth). |
|
Dilatation |
Widening and enlargement of a hollow organ. |
|
Dilation and curettage |
Widening (dilation) of the cervix and scraping the endometrial lining of the uterus. |
|
Ectopic pregnancy |
Implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than in the uterus. |
|
Endometriosis |
Endometrial tissue located outside of the uterus. |
|
Erythroblastosis fetalis |
Hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by a blood group incompatibility (Rh factor between the mother and fetus. |
|
Exenteration |
Removal of internal organs. Pelvic exenteration is removal of ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina and sections of the intestines. |
|
Fetal monitoring |
Continuous recording of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions during labor. |
|
Fibrocystic disease |
Presence of small sacs of fibrous connective tissue and fluid in the breast. |
|
Fibroids |
Benign tumors of fibrous and muscular tissue in the uterus; leiomyomas. |
|
Hyaline membrane disease |
Acute lung disease in premature infants; respiratory distress disease syndrome of the newborn. |
|
Hydrocephalus |
Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain; in infants, the condition causes enlargement of the head. |
|
Hysterosalpingography |
X-ray recording of the uterus and fallopian tubes after injection of contrast material. |
|
In vitro fertilization |
Egg and sperm cells are combined outside the body in a laboratory dish (in vitro) to facilitate fertilization. Fertilized ova are then implanted into the uterus through the cervix. |
|
Laparoscopy |
Visual examination of the abdominal cavity using an endoscope. |
|
Leiomyomas |
Benign tumors of the uterus; fibroids. |
|
Lumen |
Cavity or channel with a tube or tubular organ, as a blood vessel, vagina, or fallopian tube. |
|
Mammography |
X-ray recording of the breast. |
|
Meconium aspiration |
Abnormal inhalation of meconium (first stools) by a fetus syndrome or newborn. |
|
Ovarian carcinoma |
Malignant tumor of the ovary; ovarian adenocarcinoma. |
|
Ovarian cyst |
Sacs of fluid within or on the ovaries. |
|
Palpation |
Process of examining by using hands or fingers on the outside of the body. |
|
Pap smear |
Microscopic examination of stained cells removed from the vagina and cervix. |
|
Pelvic inflammatory disease |
Inflammation and infection of organs in the pelvic region; including salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, and endocervicitis. |
|
Pelvic ultrasonography |
Recording images of sound waves as they bounce off the organs in the pelvic region. |
|
Pelvimetry |
Measurement of the dimensions of the female pelvis. |
|
Placenta previa |
Placental implantation over the cervical opening or in the lower region of the uterine wall. |
|
Preeclampsia |
Abnormal condition of pregnancy marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema. |
|
Pyloric stenosis |
Narrowing of the opening of the stomach to the duodenum in a newborn. |
|
Respiratory distress |
Abnormal condition in infants when a protein (surfactant) syndrome is missing in the lung tissues. Infants have difficult respiratory function; hyaline membrane disease. |
|
Tubal ligation |
Tying off of the fallopian tubes to make a woman incapable of reproduction; sterilization of a female. |
|
testis |
the male gonad |
|
prostate |
a gland below the bladder and surrounding the urethra |
|
seminiferous tubules |
tissue that produces sperm cells |
|
flagellum |
hair-like tail region of the sperm is called |
|
vas deferens |
tube that leads from the epididymis |
|
prepuce |
foreskin |
|
bilateral orchiectomy |
male castration would result from which of the following operations |
|
balanitis |
inflammation of the glans penis |
|
syphilis |
a chancre is the primary lesionin which of the following conditions |
|
testosterone |
an androgen |
|
interstitial cells of the testes |
testosterone is produced by |
|
cryptorchism |
undescended testicles |
|
overgrowth of glandular tissue |
benign prostatic hyperplasia is characterized by |
|
seminoma |
testicular carcinoma |
|
vasectomy |
sterilization procedure |
|
scrotum |
the sac containing the male gonad |
|
hypospadias |
congenital condition of the male urethra |
|
anorchism |
congenital absence of a testicle |
|
destroys sperm cells |
a spermolytic substance |
|
fixation of an undescended testicle |
orchiopexy |
|
varicocele |
swollen, twisted veins near the testes |
|
chalamydial infection |
non-gonococcal urethritis is most often caused by |
|
cryogenic surgery |
treating tissue with cold temperatures is called |
|
BPH |
which of the following is not an STD |
|
castration |
orchiectomy |
|
purulent |
pus-filled |
|
ligation |
to tie off or bind |
|
circumcision |
removal of the prepuce |
|
ejaculation |
ejection of sperm and fluid from the urethra |
|
cryosurgery |
destrucion of tissue by freezing |
|
vasectomy |
removal of a piece of vas deferens |
|
semen analysis |
test of fertility(reproductive ability) |
|
TURP |
transurethral resection of the prostate |
|
PSA |
prostate-specific antigen |
|
BPH |
benign prostatic hyperplasia (hypertrophy) |
|
bilateral orchiectomy |
seminoma (reason performed) |
|
TURP |
benign prostatic hyperplasia (reason performed) |
|
vasectomy |
sterilization (hormones remain) (reason performed) |
|
orchiopexy |
cryptorchism (reason performed) |
|
hydrocelectomy |
abnormal fluid collection in scrotum (reason performed) |
|
circumcision |
phimosis (reason performed) |
|
radical prostatectomy |
carcinoma of the prostate gland (reason performed |
|
vasovasostomy |
reversal of sterilization (reason performed) |
|
varicocelectomy |
removal of swollen, twisted veins near the testes (reason performed) |
|
seminiferous tubules |
parenchymal tissue in the testes |
|
Cerebellum |
part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance |
|
myoneural |
Pertaining to muscle and nerves |
|
acetylcholine |
Neurotransmitter |
|
dendrite |
part of the nerve cell that first receives the nervous impulse |
|
gyri |
Elevated portions of the cerebral cortex |
|
causalgia |
burning sensation of pain |
|
plexus |
A network of interlacing nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system |
|
astrocytes |
glial cells |
|
synapse |
space between nerve cells |
|
medula oblongata |
part of the brain that controls breathing, heartbeat, and the size of blood vessels |
|
aphasia |
inability to speak |
|
cauda equina |
collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord |
|
myelogram |
X-ray record of the spinal cord |
|
subdural hematoma |
Collection of blood within the meningeal layers |
|
paresthesia |
abnormal sensation of tingling or prickling |
|
radiculitis |
inflammation of a spinal nerve root |
|
glioblastoma |
a highly malignant brain tumor |
|
quadriplegia |
paralysis of four extremities |
|
cerebrovascular accident |
cerebral aneurysm, thrombosis, or hemorrhaging |
|
syncope |
fainting |
|
meningomyelocele |
Spina bifida is associated with |
|
shuffling gait |
Parkinson disease is characterized by |
|
dyslexia |
disorder of reading, writing, and learning |
|
anesthesia |
condition of no nervous sensation |
|
epilepsy |
Sudden, transient disturbances of brain function marked by seizures |
|
Bell palsy |
unilateral facial paralysis |
|
myasthenia gravis |
loss of muscle strength; breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter |
|
aura |
peculiar sensation appearing before more definite symptoms |
|
transient ischemic attack |
interruption of blood supply to the cerebrum |
|
occlusion |
blockage |
|
dopamine |
neurotransmitter |
|
glioblastoma multiforme |
malignant brain tumor of immature glial cells |
|
tonic-clonic seizure |
major convulsive epileptic seizure |
|
meninges |
Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord |
|
embolism |
Obstruction of a blood vessel by a foreign substance or a blood clot |
|
glial |
pertaining to supportive cells of the nervous system |
|
thalamus |
a part of the brain that serves as a relay station for incoming sensory information |
|
synapse |
space between nerve cells |
|
neurasthenia |
lack of strength in nerves; a feeling of weakness and exhaustion |
|
hypothalamus |
located below the thalamus, controls vital bodily functions. Portion of the brain that controls the pituitary gland, water balance, an body temperature |
|
neurorrhaphy |
surgically suturing together the ends of a severed nerve |
|
motor nerve |
a nerve that passes toward or to muscles or glands |
|
myelin sheath |
insulating membrane surrounding the axon in some neurons |
|
acetylcholine |
a neurotransmitter that enables learning and memory and also triggers muscle contraction. |
|
meningioma |
tumor of the meninges |
|
hyperkinesis |
excessive movement |
|
neurasthenia |
nervous exhaustion |
|
paresis |
slight or partial paralysis |
|
demyelination |
Destruction of myelin on axons of neurons (as in multiple sclerosis) |
|
syncopal |
pertaining to fainting |
|
palliative |
remedy that alleviates pain without curing |
|
dementia |
loss of mental capacity |
|
intrathecal |
pertaining to within the meninges |
|
parenchymal |
essential cells of an organ |
|
gait |
manner of walking |
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