Medical Terminology 3

URI

upper respiratory infection

Sperm/o-

Sperm

Spher/o-

ball, globe, round

Sphinct/o-

that which binds together

Sphygm/o-

Pulse

Sphyxi/o-

pulse or lack of pulse

Spin/o-

thorn or thorny

Spir/o-

breathe or breathing

Splanchn/o-

organ

Splen/o-

spleen

Spondyl/o-

Vertebra

Sprain

to wring out or press out

Squam/o-

scaly

-stalsis

to contact

Staped/o-

stirrup

Stapyl/o-

grape or grape-like clusters

-stasis

stoppage, standing, location

-Stat

to stop or immediately

-staxia

dripping or trickling

Steat/o-

fat

Sten/o-

narrowing

Stereo-

three-dimensional or solid

Stern/o-

chest, sternum, or breastbone

Steth/o-

chest

-stole

contract

Stomat/o-

mouth

Strabism/o-

to squint or squinting

Strain

to draw tight

Strat/i-

layer

strept/o-

twisted or twisted chain

Stri/a-

stripes or threads

Strict/o-

drawing or binding

Sty/e-

raised

sub-

beneath, under, less or lesser

Sudorifer/o-

sweat

Sulf/o-

Sulfur

super-

above or upon

Supinat/o-

to throw backward

supra-

above or upon

Sur/a-

on calf of leg

Surg/i-

working by hand

Suture

sewing together

sym-

together

Syn-

together

Syncope

to faint or fainting

sy/stol/o-

to draw together or contract

Tachy-

fast or swift

Tal/o-

ankle

Tars/o-

broad flat surface

Tart/o-

dregs, sediment, or particles

Tax/o-

arrange, to order, to organize, or locate

-taxia

muscle coordination

Tel/o-

end or outward

tempor/o-

temple

ten/o-

tendon

Tens/o-

to stretch or stretches

Terat/o-

monster

Teres

round

Term

end, place at the end, or boundary

Tert/i-

third

Test/e-

witness

Tetan/o-

spasm or spasms

Tetr/a-

four

thanat/o-

death

Thel/o-

nipple

Then/o-

palm of hand or sole of foot

Theo-

god

Therap/o-

treating or curing

Therm/o-

heat, hot or warm

Thorac/o-

chest

Thromb/o-

clot, clump together, or curdle

Thym/o-

Soul, emotion, flowery smell

Thyr/o-

shield or shield-shaped

Tibia-

shinbone

-Tic

capable of or state of

Tinea-

fungus

Tinnitus

Jingling, tinkling, ringing

-tion

process of or procedure of

-tive

nature of or quality of

Toci/o-

birth, giving birth, birthing

-tom/e

cutting instrument

ton/o-

tension, tone, pressure

Tonsill/o-

almond shape

Top/o-

location

Torsi-

twisted

tox/o-

poison

Trache/o-

rough

Tract/o-

to draw or pull

Trans-

across or through

Trauma

wound

-Tresia

perforation or opening

tri-

three

Triage

to sort or classify

Trich/o-

hair

-Trigo-

Rubbing

Trochle/o-

pulley or pulley-like

Trop/o- (Trop/in)

stimulate or to turn

Troph/o-

development, nourishment, or nutrition

-Tripsy

to crush

Trypan/o-

borer, to bore, drill

Tub/o-

canal or tube

Tubercul/o-

swelling, nodule, tubercle

Tum/o-

swelling or tumor growth

Turgor/o-

swelling

-tussis

cough

tympan/o-

eardrum

Typh/o-

stupor

Ulcer-

sore

-ule

small or lesser

uln/a-

elbow

Ultra-

beyond

Umbilic/o-

navel

Unguin/o-

nail

Ur/o-

urine

Ureter/o-

small canal

Urethero-

canal

Urticari/o-

hives or nettles

Utero-

womb

Uve/a-

grape

Vag/o-

wanderer (the longest cranial nerve)

Vagin/o-

sheath

Valg/u-

inward

Valvul/o-

tiny fold or small valve

Var/u-

outward

Varic/o-

twisted

Varicella

tiny spot

Vas/o-

Vessel

Ven/o-

Vein

Ventr/o-

belly

Vera-

true

Vermi-

worm

Verruca/e-

wart

-version

turn or to turn

Vertebr/o-

jointed

Vertigo

whirling

Vesic/o-

sac or small blister

Vill/i-

shaggy hair

Vir/o-

poison

Viscer/a-

organ

Vit/o-

alive, life, living

Vitilig/o-

to corrupt

volv/o-

to twist, twisting, rolling

Vulv/o-

covering

Wheal

round or circle

Whitlow

white flow

Xanth/o-

yellow

xen/o-

strange or foreign

xero-

dry

yaws

raspberry appearance

-y

procedure of or process of

zygo-

union

A & A

awake and aware

A & O

Alert and oriented

A & W

Alive and Well

ACL

anterior cruciate ligament

ad lib

as desired or at liberty

all

allergy or acute leukocytic leukemia

AMA

Against medical advice, american medical association or advanced maternal age

ASTOL

as tolerated

B1

Thiamine HCL Vitamin or first degree (stage 1) burn

B2

Riboflavin Vitamin or 2nd degree (stage II) burn

B3

3rd degree (stage III) burn

B4

4th degree (Stage IV) burn

B6

Pyridoxine HCL Vitamin

B7

Biotin Vitamin

B8

Adenosine Phosphate Vitamin

BaE

Barium enema

BID

two times per day

BP

Blood pressure

BS

Blood sugar, bowel sounds, before sleep, breath sounds, blue shield

BT

Body temperature, bleeding time, brain tumor

BUN

Blood urea nitrogen

BX

biopsy or blue cross

CBC

Complete blood count

CC

Chief complaint or chief component

CF

Cystic Fibrosis

CHF

Congestive heart failure

CL

Contact lenses

CNA

Chart not available, certified nurse’s aide

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder

CO

Cardiac output or computer order

CP

Cerebral palsy, chest pain

CVA

Cerebrovascular accident

D & D

Diarrhea and dehydration

DAD

Drug administration device

DAT

diet as tolerated

DD

differential diagnosis

DNS

did not show

DPT

Diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus

DX & PX

Diagnosis and prognosis

DZ

disease or dozen

EKG

electrocardiogram

EMG

electromyography

ENT

ear, nose, and throat

ESWL

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

FBS

fasting blood sugar

FOD

free of disease

FX

fracture or fractional urine

GH

growth hormone

GI

gastrointestinal or granuloma inguinal

GTT

Drop, drops, or glucose tolerance test

H1

herpes simplex type 1

H2

Herpes simplex type 2

HAV

Hepatitis A virus

HBV

Hepatitis B virus

HCV

Hepatitis C virus

HI, HOH

Hearing Impaired or hard of hearing

I & O

Intake and output

ICU

Intensive care unit

ID

Infectious disease, initial dose, intradermal

IV

Intravenous

Kub

Kidney, ureter, bladder

LBP

Low blood pressure

MD

Muscular dystrophy, manic depression, mental deficiency, Medical Doctor

ML

Milliliter

MMR

measles, mumps, and rubella

MS

Multiple sclerosis, mitral stenosis

N & V

Nausea and vomiting

NPO

Nothing by mouth

OTC

over the counter

PE

Physical exam, pulmonary embolism, pleural effusion

PRN

as needed

PROM

partial range of motion

QD

every day or once a day

QID

four times per day

Q

every

RBC

red blood cell

ROS

review of systems

PR

respiration rate or recovery room

Rx

Prescription, drug, medication, reaction

S.O.S.

if necessary, if urgently required, may be repeated once

Sig.

let it be written, label, instructions

SOB

shortness of breath

stat

immediate

STI

sexually transmitted infections, skin test dose

SX

symptom, sign, surgery

TBC

tuberculosis, total blood (cell) count

Tens

transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation

TIA

Transient ischemic attack

TKO

to keep open

TPR

temperature, pulse, respiration

UE

upper extremity

UNG

ointment

US

ultrasound, unit secretary

UTD

up to date

UTI

urinary tract infection

VO

verbal order

WBC

white blood cells or white blood count

X & D

examination and diagnosis

YO

Years old

The myeloid tissue in cancellous bone is semi-liquid and produces most RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets is usually referred to as:

bone marrow or red marrow

The upper jawbone is called the:

maxilla

The first seven bones of the vertebral column (forming the neck) are the:

cervical

The third set of 5 large vertebrae, which form the inward curve of the lower spine and are the spinal column’s major weight bearers, are called:
lumbar vertebrae
thoracic vertebrae
coccyx
sacrum

lumbar vertebrae

The wrist bones composed of 8 small bones in two rows are called the:
tarsals
metatarsals
carpus or carpals
metacarpals

carpus or carpals

The ankle bones are called the ________ bones:

tarsal "flat surface"

The combining forms or terms that literally mean "rib" are:

cost/o and pleuro-

The combining word form that refers to the "spine, vertebral column, and/or vertebra" is:

rachi/o and spondyl/o

The term that means cartilage swelling or cartilage tumor is:

chondroma

The diagnostic term that literally means inflamed joint is:

arthr/itis

The medical term Burs/itis literally means:

wine sac or sac inflamed

The term Ankylosis literally means:

crooked, stiff, bent/condition; bones pathologically fused together

The combining form of a term that means "hump or hunchback" is ________, and the medical condition of __________ is the backward bending of the thoracic (chest vertebrae) spine.

kypho-; kyph/o/sis

The diagnostic term Genu Varum ( knees are in the varus position) means:

knees are bent outward (bow-legged)

The combining form __________ means bone marrow or spinal cord.

myelo- "osteomyelitis or myelogram"

The combining forms that mean "movement or motion" are:

kinesio- and -praxia

The combining forms that mean "stone" are

petro- and litho-

The combining form scolio- means:

crooked and curved-lateral or side curve (to bend) of vertebrae, along with rotation; crooked and curved

An ankle sprain is often characterized by ________:

hematoma formation, with ligaments that are stretched, partially, or fully torn

The diagnostic term Ankylos/ing Spondyl/itis refers to the auto-immune condition of Rheumatoid Arthritis and actually means:

the abnormal condition of stiffness and fusion of vertebrae

The diagnostic terms My/asthenia and Neur/asthenia mean:

muscle weakness and nerve weakness

The diagnostic term that means pain in the tendon is:

tenalgia or tenodynia

The diagnostic term that means abnormal build up of calcium on the kneecap (patella) surface is:

calcin/osis

The diagnostic term Avulsion means:

tearing lose of a body part like a bone chip or ligament

The diagnostic term for a disease that causes excessive amounts of uric acid crystals in the blood to be deposited in joint (elbow or toe) is:

gout

The diagnostic term Herniated Disc means:

ruptured or protruding inter/vertebral disk cartilage

The diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density or increased bone poros/ity is

osteo/por/o/sis

The surgical terms Lamin/ectomy and Rachi/o/tomy actually mean:

excision of posterior vertebral arch and cutting the vertebral column

The surgical term Arthr/o/desis means:

surgical fixation or binding of a joint

An instrument used to cut bone is called a(n):

osteo/tom/e

The surgical term for the repair of cartilage is called:

chondr/o/plasty

The term Chiro/pract/or literally means:

one who practices by hand

The diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density or increased bone poros/ity is:

osteo/por/o/sis

The surgical term that means fusing together of the spine (vertebrae) is:

spondyl/o/syn/desis

The surgical term Phalang/ectomy means:

excision of a finger or toe bone – digit

The surgical term that means "incision into the skull to drain fluid" is:

cranio/centesis

The surgical term that actually means "surgically breaking joint apart" is:

arthroclasia

CTS is an abbreviation for ___________ Syn/drome (sign and symptom complex).

Carpal or Tarsal Tunnel

The term Dys/chrondro/plas/ia literally refers to:

faulty cartilage formation

The term for X-ray film (recording) of a joint is:

arthro/gram

The procedural term that means visual examination inside a joint is:

arthroscop/y

The medical term "Gangli/ec/tom/y" means:

procedure of cutting out a knot

A physician who uses techniques and treatments common to Medical Doctors and Chiropractic Physicians is a(n):

Oste/o/path

The medical term for a specialist who treats and diagnoses foot disease and disorders such as corns, bunions, claw foot, ingrown toenails, and par/onych/itis is a(n):

Pod/iatr/ist

The healing specialty that emphasizes a system of therapy based on the manipulation of the vertebral column and other bones of the body by hand is:

Chiropractic

The medical term that means an artificial substitute or addition replacing a missing body part (teeth, feet, hearing aid, eye lens) is:

prosth/esis

The diagnostic term Spondylo/listh/esis literally and actually means:

vertebrae/slippage/condition

The diagnostic term Ankylosing Spondylitis means:

fusing/process vertebrae/inflamed

The diagnostic term Rheumat/oid Arthr/itis means:

auto-immune disease often with cartilaginous hyper/troph/y

he diagnostic term Osteoarthritis means:

Inflammation of a bone joint causing bone hypertrophy

The diagnostic term Bunion (turnip sac) actually means:

inflamed bursa of the big toe’s metatarsophalangeal joint

The diagnostic term Rotator Cuff Avulsion actually means:

tearing of shoulder joint’s soft tissues, ligaments, and deep tendons (rotator cuff muscles)

The diagnostic term Pre/patellar Burs/itis means:

inflamed bursa below the knee

The diagnostic term Osteosarcoma means:

bone tumors that causes hard tissue to become soft and fleshy

The diagnostic term Hip Disarticulation (HD) also means:

A surgical amputation through the joint capsule of the hip joint

The diagnostic term Sub/luxation actually means:

partial joint dislocation – less than complete dislocation

An Osteopathic Physician is represented by the Medical Abbreviation ____ and a Chiropractic Physician is represented by the Medical Abbreviation _______.

DO and DC

The diagnostic term Hammer Toe means:

the toe or toes of the foot are bent over or down – like a hammer

The term Examination means:

the process or procedure of inspection

A Optometric Physician uses the Medical Abbreviation:

OD

The term Anthropo/metr/ic means:

refers to the measurement of humans

A bone process or eye membrane disease term that means resembling a wing is ________:

pteryg/oid

Muscle terms for belly or abdomen are:

abdominus or laparal

A muscle directional term for middle or toward the middle is:

medi- or meso- "medium, medial, mesomorph"

A procedure of making a record of muscle activity is called:

electro/myo/graph/y

The condition resulting in spasms of the nerves and muscles due to an abnormally low concentration of calcium in the blood is:

tetany

The diagnostic term Anterior Polio/myel/itis means an:

inflammation of the front gray horn of the spinal cord

The diagnostic term My/asthenia Gravis actually means:

heavy because of muscle weakness

The diagnostic term Syn/dactylia means:

fingers connected together

The diagnostic term Muscular Dys/trophy means:

muscles that have faulty development; and wasting away of the muscles that did develop properly

The muscle or body term trauma means:wound

wound

The muscle term ad/duct/or literally means:

one who/draws/toward "medially"

The diagnostic term Pes Planus means:

flat foot

The muscle term supinator means:turns upward – one who

turns upward – one who

The muscle term sphincter means:

that which bind together

The machine that records muscle activity is called the:

electromyo/graph

The literal meaning of the diagnostic term Cardio/myo/path/y is:

heart/muscle/disease/condition