Hunters Ed Unit 1 – 9

The third rule of firearm safety is "Be sure of the target and _______ ."

what is in front of it and beyond it
what is above it and below it
the size of it and distance it is from you
the speed of it and the direction it is traveling

what is in front of it and beyond it

The fourth rule of firearm safety is "Keep your finger _______ until ready to shoot."

on the trigger
beside the trigger
outside the trigger guard
inside the trigger guard

outside the trigger guard

A true hunter:

avoids joining conservation groups
understands safe gun handling
is willing to poach
primarily works at limiting out

understands safe gun handling

In addition to teaching firearm and hunting safety, why is hunter education important?

It gives hunters the skills to limit out when hunting.
It produces knowledgeable and responsible hunters.
It promotes longer hunting seasons.
It helps control the animal population.

It produces knowledgeable and responsible hunters.

State wildlife agencies receive federal aid for hunting-related projects. The agency that provides this aid is the:

National Park Service
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Department of Natural Resources
U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

Which part of the firearm loads, fires, and ejects shells or cartridges?

stock
action
barrel
trigger

action

What are the basic parts of ammunition?

case, primer, powder, and projectile
case, powder, wad, and slug
case, powder, projectile, and wad
case, powder, projectile, and shot

case, primer, powder, and projectile

What is the main difference between centerfire and rimfire ammunition?

Centerfire ammunition is used for muzzleloaders.
Centerfire ammunition is limited to low pressure loads.
Rimfire cartridges are reloadable.
Rimfire primer is in the rim of the casing.

Rimfire primer is in the rim of the casing.

Choose the true statement about steel shot versus lead shot.

Steel shot weighs about two-thirds as much.
Steel shot produces a larger pattern.
Steel shot is softer.
Steel shot is more unstable in flight.

Steel shot weighs about two-thirds as much.

When a rifle fires, a sequence of events takes place. After the firing pin strikes the primer, what is the next event in the sequence?

Expanding gas drives the bullet through the barrel.
Gunpowder burns and converts to a gas.
The trigger is pulled.
The primer explodes and sparks the gunpowder.

The primer explodes and sparks the gunpowder.

Which statement is true about fully-automatic firearms?

A fully-automatic may not be used for hunting.
On a fully-automatic, the trigger must be pulled each time a shot is fired.
A semi-automatic may not be used for sport shooting.
On a semi-automatic, firing is continuous as long as the trigger is held down.

A fully-automatic may not be used for hunting.

To make sure a bolt-action firearm is unloaded, you must check the:

magazine and trigger
open action and magazine
open action and muzzle
muzzle and trigger

open action and magazine

A firearm safety:

is intended for use only by inexperienced hunters
is foolproof
can prevent all accidental shootings
can be bumped from the safe position

can be bumped from the safe position

Which type of sight is most accurate and give the best view of the target?

telescopic
bead
open
aperture (peep)

telescopic

______ is a term that describes the size of a rifle or handgun bore. This term also describes the size of cartridges used with different bores.

gauge
caliber
shot charge
action

caliber

Rifles, shotguns, and handguns differ mostly based on their:

barrels and ammunition
barrels and safeties
actions and stocks
actions and ammunition

barrels and ammunition

Each rifle or handgun is designed to be used with a specific type of:

cartridge
shotshell
gauge
choke

cartridge

Shotguns are classified by:

caliber
bore
choke
gauge

gauge

A 20-gauge shell is placed in a 12-gauge shotgun. What is the danger?

The shotgun will not fire.
The shot will not fly true, causing the hunter to miss the target.
The shell could lodge in the barrel and cause serious personal injury.
The shell could cause a misfire.

The shell could lodge in the barrel and cause serious personal injury.

Which of the following statements is true?

When a hang fire or misfire happens, immediately eject the cartridge or shell to clear the chamber.
Magnum loads should be fired occasionally in all firearms to clean out the barrel.
A hang fire is when the primer fails to ignite the powder.
Never carry more than one caliber or gauge of ammunition at the same time.

Never carry more than one caliber or gauge of ammunition at the same time.

What might cause a shotgun to explode?

a misfire
insufficient gunpowder in the shotshell
using the wrong choke for your quarry
using the wrong shotshell in your shotgun

using the wrong shotshell in your shotgun

When you know a firearm’s effective killing range, you can determine:

which animals you can hunt
which stance to use when shooting
whether you are aiming at the target
when a shot will give a clean kill

when a shot will give a clean kill

Choose the true statement about a firearm’s maximum projectile range.

Knowing a firearm’s range is critical only when firing a shotgun.
Knowing a firearm’s range is critical only when firing a rifle or handgun.
When you know a firearm’s range, you know how far the bullet or shot can travel and still cause injury.
When you know a firearm’s range, you know how close you need to be to hit your target every time.

When you know a firearm’s range, you know how far the bullet or shot can travel and still cause injury.

What is the first step in cleaning a firearm?

Clean from the breech end.
Point the muzzle in a safe direction.
Field strip the firearm.
Use cleaning solvents in a well-ventilated area.

Point the muzzle in a safe direction.

Which of the following would be a good spot to store ammunition?

a warm, humid location
a cool, dry location
an unlocked case
a paper bag

a cool, dry location

What is good marksmanship?

adjusting the sight accurately and quickly
adjusting the sight quickly and consistently
hitting the target accurately and quickly
hitting the target accurately and consistently

hitting the target accurately and consistently

Which statement is true?

Anyone who can hit a target from a bench rest can hit the same target while standing or kneeling.
A 24-inch circle is about the same size as the vital area of a deer.
When hunting, limit your shots to your most accurate range.
Before hunting, practice hitting a target at one-half the distance you expect to shoot in the field.

When hunting, limit your shots to your most accurate range.

What is sight alignment?

the foundation for shooting and hunting safety
what you see when a firearm’s sights are aligned correctly with the target
the process of lining up a firearm’s rear and front sights
what you do to identify your dominant eye

the process of lining up a firearm’s rear and front sights

Why should you aim with your dominant eye?

to increase your accuracy
to find game more easily
to ensure you limit out
to become a true sportsman

to increase your accuracy

When sighting-in a rifle:

use lighter ammunition than you plan to use when hunting
examine the target and adjust the sight after each shot
fire the rifle from a solid bench rest
rest the barrel of the rifle on a sandbag

fire the rifle from a solid bench rest

You are shooting a rifle or handgun. What is the best way to pull the trigger for an accurate shot?

pull quickly with sudden pressure
pull quickly with only the fingertip
apply slow, steady pressure until the gun fires
apply small, fast jerks of pressure until the gun fires

apply slow, steady pressure until the gun fires

What is the term for continuing to squeeze the trigger after the bullet fires?

follow through
trigger squeeze
breathing
parallax

follow through

There are four standard rifle firing positions. Which position provides the LEAST support?

prone
standing
sitting
kneeling

standing

There are four standard rifle firing positions. Which position is best for learning the fundamentals of shooting?

standing
prone
kneeling
sitting

prone

Which shotgun choke is the most open?

improved cylinder
cylinder (unchoked)
modified
full

cylinder (unchoked)

Why do hunters pattern their shotguns?

to decide what animal to hunt
to select ammunition with the best performance
to compete against other hunters
to identify the best shooting position to use in the field

to select ammunition with the best performance

A hunter is right-handed. When shooting a shotgun, this hunter should:

Bring the right foot slightly forward.
Bring the left foot slightly forward.
Keep the feet together.
Step out about 18 inches with the right foot.

Bring the left foot slightly forward.

You are shooting at a moving target. You estimate the length of lead necessary to hit the target. You maintain that lead as you swing with the target. You fire and continue the swing. This method of shooting is called:

swing-through
sustained lead
snap-shooting
sight alignment

sustained lead

When firing a handgun, hold it _______ from the body.

nine inches
one foot
eighteen inches
at arm’s length

at arm’s length

What parts of your body should have protection whenever you fire a handgun?

eyes and hands
eyes and chin
ears and hands
ears and eyes

ears and eyes

All hunters should take several steps to prepare for each hunting trip. Which step will help ensure that you take only legal game?

purchase a hunting license
purchase a topographical map
learn about your quarry
learn the legal bag limit

learn about your quarry

You sit concealed in one spot above the level of your quarry. This hunting strategy uses:

an elevated stand
posting
a ground blind
still hunting

an elevated stand

You walk quietly through an animal’s habitat. You stop often to look and listen for game. This hunting strategy is called:

still hunting
stalking
posting
trailing

still hunting

Aside from being a good marksman, what is the key to making a clean kill?

luck
patience
range
weather

range

To take game and minimize its suffering, you must know the ______ of the animal you are hunting.

habitat
anatomy
characteristics
tracks

anatomy

Which shot angle rarely results in a clean kill, ruins a lot of meat, and provides an animal the best opportunity to detect the hunter?

quartering-away
quartering-toward
broadside
head-on

head-on

Bowhunters should avoid _______ shots, because the vital areas are protected by bone from this angle.

quartering-away
quartering-toward
broadside
rear-end

quartering-toward

A downed animal appears to be dead. What should you do before approaching this animal?

Make a loud noise. Wait to see if the animal reacts.
Use your rifle or a long branch to prod the animal’s hindquarters. Wait to see if the animal reacts.
Wait a short distance away. Watch for any rise and fall of the animal’s chest.
Wait a short distance away. Watch for the animal’s eyes to blink.

Wait a short distance away. Watch for any rise and fall of the animal’s chest.

What is the number one cause of spoiled meat?

moisture
smoke
heat
dirt

heat

What should you do as soon as possible after tagging game?

Take it back to camp.
Hang it up.
Allow it to cool.
Field dress it.

Field dress it.

Which statement about muzzleloaders is true?

All muzzleloaders are rifles.
All muzzleloaders have only one barrel.
Muzzleloaders are safer and easier to use than modern firearms.
Muzzleloaders are early firearms that are loaded from the open end.

Muzzleloaders are early firearms that are loaded from the open end.

What kind of powder can cause serious injury if used in a muzzleloader?

modern smokeless powder
black powder
Pyrodex
Clear Shot

modern smokeless powder

You are shooting a muzzleloader. A hang fire happens. What should you do?

Take the gun back home to correct the problem.
Look down the muzzle to identify the obstruction.
Keep the gun pointed downrange.
Reload and fire again.

Keep the gun pointed downrange.

Which of the following describes safe handling of a muzzleloader?

Wear eye and ear protection when shooting a muzzleloader.
Load a muzzleloader with several charges at a time.
Prime a muzzleloader well before firing.
Blow down the muzzle to clear powder residue.

Prime a muzzleloader well before firing.

Choose the true statement about bows.

An arrow shot from a modern bow will never pass through an animal.
Modern bows can only shoot arrows at less than 50 miles per hour.
The bow is a short-range hunting tool.
The bow is a long-range hunting tool.

The bow is a short-range hunting tool.

Which type of bow uses wheels and cables, and is the most popular bow for hunting and target shooting?

compound bow
recurve bow
longbow
crossbow

compound bow

Which safety guideline for using bows is unique to the crossbow?

Use a crossbow for short-range shooting only.
Follow the safety rules for both firearms and bows.
Never use a cracked arrow.
Never dry fire a crossbow.

Follow the safety rules for both firearms and bows.

Which statement about arrows is true?

An arrow is harmless at a distance of over 40 yards.
An arrow is as deadly as a bullet.
An arrow is not easily deflected.
Basic firearm safety rules do not apply to archery.

An arrow is as deadly as a bullet.

When should you carry arrows in the nocked position?

when you are slowly approaching game
when you are walking behind another hunter
when you begin the hunt
when you first spot game

when you are slowly approaching game

Most bowstrings have a small brass band to mark the correct position for nocking the arrow. What is the name for this band?

fletching
vane
nocking point
crest

nocking point

Which statement about broadheads is true?

Dress game with great caution until you find all parts of the broadhead.
Use needle-nose pliers or locking pliers to screw on broadheads.
Broadheads have a dull edge.
Broadheads are risk-free.

Dress game with great caution until you find all parts of the broadhead.

Where should broadheads be kept while traveling to and from the field?

firmly in your hands
in a carrier attached to the bow
in a quiver with a cover
in a plastic bag to protect from moisture

in a quiver with a cover

One way of shooting a bow is the bowsight aiming method. This method:

takes longer to perfect than the instinctive aiming method
is more versatile than the instinctive aiming method
requires the ability to accurately judge distances
allows the shooter to keep both eyes open while aiming the bow

requires the ability to accurately judge distances

When do bowsights work best?

when the distance is known
when the distance is not known
when the target is moving
when the target is far away

when the distance is known

Arrows have plastic vanes or feathers that provide stability and accuracy in flight. What is the name for these vanes or feathers?

fletching
nock
nocking point
crest

fletching

There are four primary rules of firearm safety. One of these rules is:

Keep firearms loaded and ready to shoot at all times.
Keep your finger outside the trigger guard until ready to shoot.
Treat an unloaded gun without concern for safety.
Make sure the barrel and action are clear of obstructions before shooting.

Keep your finger outside the trigger guard until ready to shoot.

There are four primary rules of firearm safety. One of these rules is:

Unload a firearm before climbing a fence or tree.
Unload firearms when not in use.
Avoid alcoholic beverages before and during shooting
Be sure of the target, what is in front of it, and what is beyond it.

Be sure of the target, what is in front of it, and what is beyond it.

Which two items should always be locked away separately?

firearms and targets
firearms and arrows
firearms and knives
firearms and ammunition

firearms and ammunition

There are four main causes of hunting incidents. Which cause includes having an obstructed barrel or improper ammunition?

ignoring firearm safety rules
lack of control and practice
judgment mistakes
mechanical failure

mechanical failure

There are four main causes of hunting incidents. One of these causes is:

hunter judgment mistakes
crowded hunting grounds
using the wrong gunpowder
target practice

hunter judgment mistakes

There are several ways to carry a firearm while hunting. Which carry gives the best control?

trail carry
elbow or side carry
two-handed or ready carry
shoulder carry

two-handed or ready carry

There are several ways to carry a gun. The shoulder carry is a good choice:

if all other hunters are in front of you
if all other hunters are behind you
if all other hunters are either behind or beside you
regardless of the location of other hunters

if all other hunters are in front of you

Three hunters are walking side by side. Which of the following would be safe?

The hunter in the center uses the trail carry.
The hunter in the center uses the cradle carry.
All three hunters point their guns to the right.
The hunter on the right points his or her gun to the left.

The hunter in the center uses the trail carry.

Always unload a firearm before:

approaching downed game
crossing rough terrain
stalking game
walking across an open field

crossing rough terrain

You need to clear an obstruction from your firearm. What is the proper tool to use?

needle-nose pliers
locking pliers
a cleaning rod
a pipe cleaner

a cleaning rod

Which of the following describes safe handling of a firearm?

Lean the firearm against a vehicle.
Unload and case the firearm before transporting it.
Transport the firearm in a window gun rack whenever possible.
Leave the firearm in plain sight in an unoccupied vehicle to deter thieves.

Unload and case the firearm before transporting it.

You are hunting in a group. It is safe for you to shoot in the area called the:

firing lane
shooting alley
zone-of-fire
game zone

zone-of-fire

Which of the following is a factor in determining a zone-of-fire?

the range of the firearms being used
the game being hunted
how many hunters in the group are aiming at the target
whether the hunters in the group are wearing daylight fluorescent orange

the game being hunted

What is the best prevention against careless behavior when hunting?

self-esteem
self-control
self-respect
self-denial

self-control

What is one DISADVANTAGE of hunting from an elevated stand?

You can detect game earlier.
You can fall out of the stand.
You have a good backstop for shooting.
You are more visible to other hunters.

You can fall out of the stand.

Which method is recommended for climbing a tree to enter an elevated stand?

free climbing
using a free rope attached to the stand
using a free-standing ladder
using a fall-arrest system (safety harness)

using a fall-arrest system (safety harness)

What should be worn at all times while climbing a tree or in a tree stand?

safety helmet
fall-arrest system
safety rope
safety goggles

fall-arrest system

You need to haul your firearm into a tree stand. What is the first step you should take?

Put on your safety harness.
Slip the end of the haul line through your belt.
Unload the firearm and open the action.
Attach the haul line to the firearm.

Unload the firearm and open the action.

You are getting ready to carry a firearm on a boat. What is the first step you should take?

Hand the firearm to a person in the boat.
Put the firearm’s safety on.
Unload the firearm and keep the action open.
Place the firearm in the rear of the boat with its muzzle facing forward.

Unload the firearm and keep the action open.

Which of the following is a symptom of hypothermia?

weak heartbeat
profuse sweating
high body temperature
rashy, red skin

weak heartbeat

Why were hunting laws passed?

to conserve wildlife
to protect private property
to promote hunting
to discourage hunting

to conserve wildlife

How many people in the U.S. hunt?

about 50% of the population
about 35% of the population
about 20% of the population
about 5% of the population

about 5% of the population

Most hunters would agree that certain hunting behaviors are ethical. Certain behaviors are unethical. Other behaviors are in a gray area, and each hunter must make a personal choice. Which of the following behaviors is in the gray area?

A hunter baits deer with corn or protein pellets.
A hunter takes a shot outside his or her effective range.
A hunter drinks alcohol while hunting.
A hunter continues to hunt after reaching the bag limit.

A hunter baits deer with corn or protein pellets.

Aldo Leopold is the father of wildlife management. He once defined ethical behavior as doing the right thing when no one else is watching, even when:

doing the right thing is illegal
doing the wrong thing is legal
doing the illegal thing is wrong
doing the legal thing is right

doing the wrong thing is legal

How can you show respect for natural resources?

by following game laws and regulations
by ignoring game violations
by leaving behind litter and garbage
by leaving shot game for scavengers

by following game laws and regulations

Landowners often complain that hunters:

clean up all their litter
leave all gates as they found them
notify the landowner when they arrive and when they leave
do not get permission to hunt

do not get permission to hunt

Hunting loses respect as a sport when hunters:

work to improve others’ image of hunters
become involved in efforts to make hunting a respected sport
participate in hunting while ignoring the arguments of critics
teach hunting knowledge and skills to others

participate in hunting while ignoring the arguments of critics

How can you show respect for non-hunters?

by keeping firearms in plain sight
by showing pictures of your kill in a public place
by transporting animals without displaying them
by wearing bloody hunting clothes on the street

by transporting animals without displaying them

Hunters tend to pass through five stages of development. What is the focus during the shooting stage?

bagging the limit
the total hunting experience
getting off the shot
quality of game rather than quantity

getting off the shot

Hunters tend to pass through five stages of development. What is the focus during the trophy stage?

bagging the limit
the total hunting experience
getting off the shot
quality of game rather than quantity

quality of game rather than quantity

Which of the following describes a proper way to prepare for a hunting trip?

Learn as much as you can about the hunting area before you arrive.
Rely on your hunting instincts and prior experience.
Load all firearms prior to driving or boating to the hunting area.
Pack a cooler of beer to enjoy during the hunting trip.

Learn as much as you can about the hunting area before you arrive.

When you go on a hunting trip, you should leave a hunting plan with someone you trust. What information should the plan include?

the name of your next of kin
your social security number and birthdate
your home address and email address
where you will be hunting and when you expect to return

where you will be hunting and when you expect to return

When should a hunter begin to get in shape for a hunt?

one day before the hunt
one week before the hunt
well in advance of the hunt
during the hunt

well in advance of the hunt

Clothing can affect your ability to perform safely and responsibly. How should you choose your clothes for a hunting trip?

Always wear wool clothing.
Always wear several layers of cotton or polyester clothing.
Always wear light clothing and a hat.
Always wear clothing suitable for the weather you expect.

Always wear clothing suitable for the weather you expect.

What is the hunter’s most important item of clothing?

breathable layer worn next to the body
wool sweater and cap
daylight fluorescent orange outerwear
waterproof protective outer layer

daylight fluorescent orange outerwear

True north and magnetic north are not the same. The difference between them is called:

deflection
orienteering
declination
elevation

declination

A compass always points to:

the North Pole
magnetic north
true north
0 degrees declination

magnetic north

Don’t panic if you get lost. Never leave camp without fire-starting equipment. Always bring a map and compass. Always tell someone where you are going. These are:

rules of firearms safety
rules of survival
basic hunting strategies
basic camping guidelines

rules of survival

You get lost and need shelter. What should you do first?

Begin cutting long straight saplings.
Begin looking for food.
Look for a natural shelter.
Gather limbs and brush

Look for a natural shelter.

What is the international emergency signal for distress?

flashing a mirror
marking an X in the snow, grass, or sand
signaling with a whistle
three repeats of any signal

three repeats of any signal

How much water do you need each day?

two to four gallons
two to four quarts
two to four pints
two to four cups

two to four quarts

What is the best way to purify water?

chemical purifiers
filter systems
solar still
boiling

boiling

Which of the following is the best way to prevent hypothermia?

Keep wet clothing on.
Avoid potentially dangerous weather conditions.
Wear cotton clothing instead of wool.
Do jumping jacks to stay warm.

Avoid potentially dangerous weather conditions.

You get lost in extremely cold weather. You are unable to start a fire. Which of the following is the best way to survive?

Wrap up in a thermal foil blanket.
Cover yourself in snow for insulation.
Change from wool to cotton clothing if available.
Exercise vigorously to stay warm.

Wrap up in a thermal foil blanket.

While outdoors, you drink plenty of water, take frequent breaks, and shed layers as you warm up. These are steps to prevent:

hypothermia
snakebite
heat exhaustion
frostbite

heat exhaustion

After spending several hours outdoors, your skin is pale and clammy. You feel weak and have muscle cramps. These are symptoms of:

frostbite
hypothermia
heat exhaustion
first-degree burn

heat exhaustion

Moving a victim with a back or neck injury should be left to professionals whenever possible. If a victim MUST be pulled to safety, what is the correct method?

Move the victim lengthwise, feet first, supporting the feet.
Move the victim lengthwise, headfirst, supporting the head and neck.
Pull the victim by one arm, supporting the head and neck.
Pull the victim by one leg, supporting the feet.

Move the victim lengthwise, headfirst, supporting the head and neck.

What is the correct treatment for second-degree or third-degree burns with open blisters?

Immerse in ice.
Immerse in cold water.
Cover with butter.
Wrap with a loose, dry dressing.

Wrap with a loose, dry dressing.

You need to help a hunting companion with a deep, open chest wound. What should you do first?

Locate a sterile bandage and cover the wound.
Locate any bandage and cover the wound.
Transport the victim to the hospital.
Cover the wound with the palm of your hand until a bandage is located.

Cover the wound with the palm of your hand until a bandage is located.

Your skin is pale, cold, and clammy. Your pulse is rapid. Your breathing is shallow. You feel fear. These are symptoms of:

shock
hypothermia
heat stroke
frostbite

shock

What is the goal of wildlife conservation?

to protect endangered species
to protect game and non-game species for future generations
to use and manage renewable resources wisely
to ensure unlimited resources for hunters

to use and manage renewable resources wisely

Which of the following factors limits the potential production of wildlife?

conservation
preservation
disease
edge effect

disease

What is the hunter’s role in wildlife conservation?

to help control wildlife populations at a healthy balance for the habitat
to remove unhealthy animals from game populations
to share the experience of the outdoors with non-hunters
to help focus attention on wildlife and the importance of conservation

to help control wildlife populations at a healthy balance for the habitat

To set hunting regulations, wildlife managers monitor habitat conditions. They also monitor:

herd behavior
migration activity
birth and death rates
overall health

birth and death rates

Why must you learn to recognize key characteristics of the animal you’re hunting?

to make sure you limit out
to avoid taking illegal game or non-game animals
to receive a hunting license
to tag a harvested animal properly

to avoid taking illegal game or non-game animals