Final Practice 2

A common source of wave motion is a

A) wave pattern.
B) harmonic object.
C) vibrating object.
D) region of variable high and low pressure.

C) vibrating object. Homework 19 Test 19-21

In a longitudinal wave the compressions and rarefactions travel in

A) the same direction.
B) at right angles

A) the same direction. Homework 19 Practice Test 19-21

Which of the following is not a transverse wave?

A) sound
B) light
C) radio

A) sound Homework 19

A standing wave occurs when

A) two waves overlap.
B) a wave reflects upon itself.
C) the speed of the wave is zero or near zero.
D) the amplitude of a wave exceeds its wavelength.

B) a wave reflects upon itself. Homework 19 Test 19-21

A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves

A) towards you.
B) in a circle around you.

A) towards you. Homework 19 Practice Test 19-21

The frequency of a simple pendulum is independent of its

A) mass.
B) length.
C) gravity.

C) gravity Homework 19

An object that completes 14 vibrations in 7 seconds has a frequency of

A) 0.5 hertz.
B) 21 hertz.
C) 2 hertz.
D) 98 hertz.

C) 2 hertz. Homework 19

A bow wave is produced when a wave source moves

A) slower than the waves it produces.
B) at a right angle to the wave it prodices
C) faster than the waves it produces.

C) faster than the waves it produces. Homework 19 Practice Test 19-21

As a supersonic aircraft increases speed, the angle of its shock wave becomes

A) wider.
B) narrower.

B) narrower. Homework 19 Practice Test 19-21

The period of the second hand on a clock is

A) 1 second.
B) 1/60 second.
C) 60 seconds.
D) 3600 seconds.

C) 60 seconds. Homework 20 Test 19-21

A sound source of high frequency emits a high

A) speed.
B) amplitude.
C) pitch.

C) pitch Homework 20 Test 19-21

Double the frequency of a sound and you halve its

A) wavelength.
B) speed.
C) amplitude.

A) wavelength. Homework 20 Test 19-21

The approximate range of human hearing is

A) 10 hertz to 10,000 hertz.
B) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz.
C) 40 hertz to 40,000 hertz.

B) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz. Homework 20 Test 19-21

A sound wave is a

A) longitudinal wave.
B) transverse wave.
C) standing wave.
D) shock wave.

A) longitudinal wave. Homework 20 Practice Test 19-21

Sound travels faster in

A) air.
B) water.
C) steel.

C) steel. Homework 20 Practice Test 19-21

The speed of a sound wave in air depends on

A) amplitude.
B) wavelength.
C) air temperature.

C) air temperature. Homework 20 Test 19-21

Reverberation is a case of

A) interference.
B) forced vibrations.
C) re-echoed sound.
D) resonance.

C) re-echoed sound. Homework 20 Test 19-21

Sound waves cannot travel in

A) water.
B) steel.
C) a vacuum.

C) a vacuum. Homework 20 Test 19-21

A base fiddle is louder than a harp because of its

A) thicker strings.
B) sounding board.
C) lower pitch.

B) sounding board. Homework 20 Practice Test 19-21

The object with the highest natural frequency is a

A) small bell.
B) Taco bell.
C) large bell.

A) small bell. Homework 20 Test 19-21

A wiggle in time is a

A) vibration.
B) wave.
C) both
D) neither

A) vibration. Practice test 19-21

The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction

A) along the direction of wave travel.
B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel.
C) that changes with speed.

B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. Practice test 19-21

Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 megahertz is

A) 0.3 m.
B) 3.0 m.
C) 30 m.
D) 300 m.
E) none of these

B) 3.0 m. Practice test 19-21 Test 19-21

The frequency of a simple pendulum is dependents on

A) mass.
B) length.
C) gravity.
C) two of these
E) None of these

C) two of these Practice test 19-21

A 60-vibration-per-second wave travels 30 meters in 1 second. Its frequency is

A) 30 hertz and it travels at 60 m/s.
B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s.
C) 1800 hertz and it travels at 2 m/s.

B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s. Practice test 19-21

To say that one wave is out of phase with another is to say that the waves are

A) of different amplitudes.
B) of different frequencies.
C) of different wavelengths.
D) out of step.
E) all of these

D) out of step. Practice test 19-21

A node is a position of

A) minimum amplitude.
B) maximum amplitude.
C) half amplitude.

A) minimum amplitude. Practice test 19-21

The Doppler effect is characteristic of

A) water waves.
B) sound waves.
C) light waves.
D) all of the above choices
E) none of the above choices

D) all of the above choices Practice test 19-21

The pendulum with the greatest frequency is the pendulum with the

A) shortest period.
B) shortest length.
C) shortest amplitude.
D) greatest amplitude

A) shortest period. Practice test 19-21

The frequency of the second hand on a clock is

A) 1 hertz.
B) 1/60 hertz.
C) 60 hertz.

B) 1/60 hertz. Practice test 19-21

For light, a red shift indicates that the light source is moving

A) toward you.
B) away from you.
C) at right angles to you.
D) actually, all of these
E) none of these

B) away from you. Practice test 19-21

Some of a wave’s energy dissipates as heat. In time, this will reduce the wave’s

A) speed.
B) wavelength.
C) amplitude.
D) frequency.
E) period.

C) amplitude. Practice test 19-21

A floating object oscillates up and down 2 complete cycles in 1 second as a water wave of wavelength 5 meters passes by. The speed of the wave is

A) 2 m/s.
B) 5 m/s.
C) 10 m/s.
D) 15 m/s.
E) none of these

C) 10 m/s. Practice test 19-21

Suppose a simple pendulum is suspended in an elevator. When the elevator is accelerating upward, the frequency of the pendulum

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) doesn’t change.

A) increases. Practice test 19-21

The stride of a horse depends somewhat on the pendulum-like swing of its legs. This stride would be higher in frequency if more of the mass in its legs were concentrated

A) in the upper part, nearer the horse’s body.
B) towards its feet.
C) halfway up its legs.
D) uniformly all along its legs.
E) none of these.

A) in the upper part, nearer the horse’s body Practice test 19-21

At a concert the oboe is playing a long steady note as you walk away from the stage at an accelerating velocity toward the rest room. The pitch of the sound that you hear is

A) steady but higher than normal.
B) steady but lower than normal.
C) continually decreasing.
D) continually increasing.
E) None of the above choices are correct.

C) continually decreasing. Practice test 19-21

Double the frequency of sound and you also double its

A) wavelength.
B) speed.
C) amplitude.
D) all of these
E) none of these

E) none of these Practice test 19-21

We are best at hearing

A) infrasonic sound.
B) ultrasonic sound.
C) both infrasonic and ultrasonic sounds.
D) None of the above choices are true.

D) None of the above choices are true. Practice test 19-21

A piano tuner knows that a key on the piano is tuned to the frequency of his tuning fork when he strikes them at the same time and the number of beats he hears each second is

A) 0.
B) 1.
C) 2.
D) 3.
E) 4.

A) 0. Practice test 19-21 Test 19-21

Sound travels faster in air if the air temperature is

A) warm.
B) cold.
C) average.

A) warm. Practice test 19-21

When the speed of sound near the ground is greater than it is at higher altitudes, the sound tends to be bent

A) upward.
B) downward.
C) to the left.
D) to the right.
E) None of the above choices are correct.

A) upward. Practice test 19-21

A dolphin perceives its environment by the sense of

A) sight.
B) sound.
C) both sight and sound.
D) neither sight nor sound.

C) both sight and sound. Practice test 19-21

The energy of sound in air eventually becomes

A) increased internal energy of the air.
B) weaker and weaker until it disappears.
C) cancelled by destructive interference.
D) cancelled by both destructive and constructive interference

A) increased internal energy of the air. Practice test 19-21

The frequencies of sound that carry farther in air are

A) low.
B) high.
C) ultrasonic.

A) low. Practice test 19-21

The natural frequency of an object depends on its

A) size, shape and elasticity.
B) size and shape.
C) size and elasticity.
D) shape and elasticity.

A) size, shape and elasticity. Practice test 19-21

The least energy required to produce forced vibration in an object occurs

A) below its natural frequency.
B) at its natural frequency.
C) above its natural frequency.

B) at its natural frequency. Practice test 19-21

Which doesn’t belong to the same family?

A) infrasonic waves
B) ultrasonic waves
C) radio waves
D) shock waves
E) longitudinal waves

C) radio waves Practice test 19-21

When you tune a radio to a certain station, you match the frequency of the internal electrical circuit to the frequency of the wanted radio station. In so doing you are employing the principle of

A) forced vibrations.
B) resonance.
C) beats.
D) reverberation.
E) wave interference.

B) resonance. Practice test 19-21

For FM radio, the F stands for

A) frequency.
B) forced vibration at which resonance occurs.
C) foul.
D) female.
E) fax.

A) frequency. Practice test 19-21

In which one of these media does sound travel the fastest?

A) water vapor
B) water
C) ice
D) steam
E) Sound travels the same speed in each of the above media

C) ice Practice test 19-21

Suppose you sound a 1056-hertz tuning fork at the same time you strike a note on the piano and hear 2 beats/second. You tighten the piano string very slightly and now hear 3 beats/second. What is the frequency of the piano string?

A) 1053 hertz
B) 1054 hertz
C) 1056 hertz
D) 1058 hertz
E) 1059 hertz

E) 1059 hertz Practice test 19-21

Repeatedly tap the side of a drinking glass with a spoon while filling it with water and you will notice that the pitch of the sound

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains relatively constant.

B) decreases. Practice test 19-21

Xenon has atomic number 54, while Krypton has atomic number 36. Given that both gases are at the same temperature, in which medium does sound travel faster?

A) Xenon gas
B) Krypton gas
C) a mixture of both gases
D) the same in either gas

B) Krypton gas Practice test 19-21

A general rule for estimating the distance in kilometers between an observer and a lightning bolt is to count the number of seconds between seeing the lightning and hearing it, and dividing by

A) 2.
B) 3.
C) 4.
D) 5.
E) none of these

B) 3. Practice test 19-21

Two tuning forks produce sounds of wavelengths 3.4 meters and 3.3 meters. Approximately what beat frequency is produced?

A) 0.1 hertz
B) 1.0 hertz
C) 2.0 hertz
D) 3.0 hertz
E) 4.0 hertz

D) 3.0 hertz Practice test 19-21

If a guitar has no sounding board, a note played on the guitar will sound for

A) A shorter time
B) the same length of time
C) a longer time

A) A shorter time Practice test 19-21

A decibel is a measure of a sound’s

A) frequency.
B) wavelength.
C) speed.
D) loudness.
E) all of these

D) loudness. Practice test 19-21

The quality of a musical note has to do with its

A) loudness.
B) frequency.
C) harmonics.
D) amplitude.
E) All of the above choices are correct.

C) harmonics. Practice test 19-21

Compared to a sound of 30 decibels, a sound of 60 decibels is

A) twice as intense.
B) 10 times as intense.
C) 100 times as intense.
D) 1000 times as intense.
E) 10,000 times as intense.

D) 1000 times as intense. Practice test 19-21

About how many octaves are present between 100 hertz and 1600 hertz?

A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8

A) 4 Practice test 19-21

A cello string .75 m long has a fundamental frequency of 220 hertz. The speed of the wave on the string is

A) 330 m/s
B) 165 m/s
C) 294 m/s
D) 220 m/s
E) none of these

A) 330 m/s Practice test 19-21

Like a transverse wave, a longitudinal wave has

A) amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed.
B) amplitude, frequency, and wavelength.
C) amplitude, wavelength, and speed.
D) wavelength, speed, and frequency.
E) amplitude, frequency, and speed.

A) amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed. Test 19-21

Which of the following is not a transverse wave?

A) sound
B) light
C) radio
D) all of these
E) none of these

A) sound Test 19-21

The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction

A) along the direction of wave travel.
B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel.
C) that changes with speed.

A) along the direction of wave travel. Test 19-21

If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 hertz, its period is

A) 0.1 second.
B) 10 seconds.
C) 100 seconds.
D) None of the above choices are correct.

A) 0.1 second. Test 19-21

An object that completes 10 vibrations in 20 seconds has a frequency of

A) 0.5 hertz.
B) 2 hertz.
C) 200 hertz.

A) 0.5 hertz. Test 19-21

Wave interference occurs for

A) sound waves.
B) light waves.
C) water waves.
D) All of the above choices are correct.
E) None of the above choices are correct.

D) All of the above choices are correct. Test 19-21

A wave barrier is produced when a wave source moves

A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces.
B) as fast as the waves it produces.
C) faster than the waves it produces.

B) as fast as the waves it produces. Test 19-21

An observer on the ground hears a sonic boom which is created by an airplane flying at a speed

A) just below the speed of sound.
B) equal to the speed of sound.
C) greater than the speed of sound.
D) All of the above choices are true.
E) None of the above choices are true.

C) greater than the speed of sound. Test 19-21

A fishing-boat captain returns to port saying, "It’s rough out there – the waves are 4 meters high." He probably means that the amplitude of the waves is

A) 4 m.
B) 3 m.
C) 2 m.
D) 1 m.

C) 2 m. Test 19-21

If the waves are going by the same frequency, the wave that has the greatest speed will have the greatest

A) length
B) frequency
C) amplitude
D) None of the above

A) length Test 19-21*

A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles in one second as a water wave passes by. What is the wave’s frequency?

A) 2 hertz
B) 6 hertz
C) 1 hertz
D) 3 hertz
E) .5 hertz

A) 2hertz Test 19-21

A floating leaf oscillates up and down four complete cycles in one second as a water wave passes by. The wave’s wavelength is 10 meters. What is the wave’s speed?

A) 2 m/s
B) 10 m/s
C) 20 m/s
D) 40 m/s

D) 40 m/s Test 19-21

If you double the frequency of a vibrating object, its period

A) doubles.
B) halves.
C) is quartered.

B) halves. Test 19-21

You dip your finger repeatedly into water and make waves. If you dip your finger more frequently, the wavelength of the waves

A) shortens.
B) lengthens.
C) stays the same.

A) shortens. Test 19-21

During a single period, the distance traveled by a wave is

A) one-half wavelength.
B) one wavelength.
C) two wavelengths.

B) one wavelength. Test 19-21

A child swings to and fro on a playground swing. If the child stands rather than sits, the time for a to-and-fro swing is

A) lengthened.
B) shortened.
C) unchanged.

B) shortened. Test 19-21

Suppose a simple pendulum is suspended in an elevator. When the elevator is accelerating upward, the frequency of the pendulum

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) doesn’t change.

B) decreases. Test 19-21

If at a concert, a wind blows directly from the orchestra toward you, the speed of the sound you hear will be

A) decreased.
B) increased.
C) neither decreased nor increased.

C) neither decreased nor increased **** Test 19-21

The source of every sound is something that is

A) vibrating.
B) moving.
C) accelerating.
D) undergoing simple harmonic motion.
E) a net emitter of energy.

A) vibrating. Test 19-21

As we become older, the frequency range of human hearing

A) decreases
B) increases
C) remains relatively the same

A) decreases Test 19-21

Compressions and rarefactions are characteristic of

A) longitudinal waves.
B) transverse waves.
C) both longitudinal and transverse waves.
D) none of the above.

A) longitudinal waves. Test 19-21

The explanation for refraction must involve a change in

A) frequency.
B) wavelength.
C) speed.
D) All of the above choices are true.
E) None of the above choices are true.

C) speed. Test 19-21

In perceiving its environment, a dolphin makes use of

A) echoes.
B) the Doppler effect.
C) ultrasound.
D) All of the above choices are correct.
E) None of the above choices are correct.

D) All of the above choices are correct. Test 19-21

The wavelengths of sound that carry farther in air are relatively

A) long.
B) short.
C) ultrasonic.

A) long. Test 19-21

Sound will be louder if a struck tuning fork is held

A) in the air.
B) with its base against a table top.
C) with its prongs in shallow water.
D) in your closed fist.

B) with its base against a table top. Test 19-21

Caruso is said to have made a crystal chandelier shatter with his voice. This is a demonstration of

A) an echo.
B) sound refraction.
C) beats.
D) resonance.
E) interference.

D) resonance.

Sound waves can interfere with one another so that no sound results.

A) True
B) False
C) Either true or false, depending on the air temperature.

A) True Test 19-21

The phenomenon of beats results from sound

A) refraction.
B) reflection.
C) interference.
D) all of these
E) none of these

C) interference. Test 19-21

For AM radio, the A stands for

A) acceleration.
B) authorized.
C) amplitude.
D) agony.
E) almost.

C) amplitude. Test 19-21

On some days, air nearest the ground is colder than air that is higher up. On one of these days, sound waves

A) tend to be refracted upward.
B) tend to be refracted downward.
C) travel without refraction.

B) tend to be refracted downward. Test 19-21

Inhaling helium increases the pitch of your voice. One reason for this is that sound travels

A) slower in helium than in air.
B) faster in helium than in air.
C) the same speed in helium, but the wavelength is greater.

B) faster in helium than in air. Test 19-21

The beat frequency produced when a 240 hertz tuning fork and a 246 hertz tuning fork are sounded together is

A) 6 hertz.
B) 12 hertz.
C) 240 hertz.
D) 245 hertz.
E) None of the above choices are correct.

A) 6 hertz. Test 19-21

The loudness of a musical sound is a measure of the sound wave’s

A) wavelength.
B) frequency.
C) speed.
D) amplitude.
E) all of these

D) amplitude. Test 19-21

The fundamental frequency of a violin string is 440 hertz. The frequency of its second harmonic is

A) 220 hertz.
B) 440 hertz.
C) 880 hertz.
D) None of the above choices are correct.

C) 880 hertz. Test 19-21

All other things being the same, strings having more mass than other strings will produce

A) higher frequency notes.
B) lower frequency notes.
C) the same frequency notes.

B) lower frequency notes. Test 19-21

A string vibrating at is third harmonic frequency has a node at each end and, between these,

A) No additional nodes
B) 1 additional nodes
C) 2 additional nodes
D) 3 additional nodes
E) 4 additional nodes

C) 2 additional nodes Test 19-21

A cello string .67 m long has a fundamental frequency of 220 hertz. The speed of the wave on the string is

A) 330 m/s
B) 295m/s
C) 220 m/s
D) 165 m/s
E) none of these

B) 295m/s

Which force binds atoms together to form molecules?

A) gravitational
B) nuclear
C) electrical
D) centripetal
E) none of these

C) electrical Homework Chapter 22 Practice test 22-25

A positive ion has more

A) electrons than neutrons.
B) electrons than protons.
C) protons than electrons.
D) neutrons than quarks.

C) protons than electrons. Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25

To say that electric charge is quantized is to say that the charge

A) is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron.
B) will interact with neighboring electric charges.
C) can be neither created nor destroyed.

B) is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron. Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25

The electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are

A) close together.
B) far apart.
C) opposite signs.

A) close together. Homework Chapter 22 Test 22-25

A transistor is an example of a

A) resistor.
B) superconductor.
C) semiconductor.
D) insulator
E) resistor.

C) semiconductor. Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

Superconductors are noted for their

A) enthusiasm
B) low electric resistance.
C) absence of electric resistance.
D) low cost.

C) absence of electric resistance. Homework Chapter 22 Test 22-25

An electron and a proton

A) attract each other.
B) repel each other.
C) annililate.

A) attract each other. Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25

When a car is struck by lightning, the resulting electric field inside the car is

A) huge, for a brief time.
B) small enough to be safe.
C) zero.

C) zero Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25

Particle A has twice the charge of nearby particle B. Compared to the force on Particle A, the force on Particle B is

A) four times as much.
B) twice as much.
C) the same.
D) half as much.

C) the same. Homework Chapter 22 Test 22-25

To say that electric charge is conserved is to say that electric charge

A) is sometimes negative
B) can be neither created nor destroyed.
C) may occur in an infinite variety of quantities.

D) can be neither created nor destroyed. Homework Chapter 22 Test 22-23

Electrons are made to flow in a wire when there is

A) an imbalance of charges in the wire.
B) more potential energy at one end of the wire than the other.
C) a potential difference across its ends.

C) a potential difference across its ends. Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

An ampere is a unit of electrical

A) pressure.
B) current.
C) resistance.
D) all of these
E) none of these

B) current. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

Heat a copper wire and its electric resistance

A) decreases.
B) remains unchanged.
C) increases.

C) increases. Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25

Which statement is correct?

A) Current is the primary cause of voltage.
B) Voltage flows through an open or a closed circuit.
C) Resistance flows through an open circuit.
D) Charge flows in a closed circuit.

Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25

Stretch a copper wire so that it is thinner and the resistance between its ends

A) decreases.
B) remains unchanged.
C) increases.

C) increases. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

A wire carrying a current is normally charged

A) negatively.
B) positively.
C) not at all.

C) not at all. Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25

The current through a 10-ohm resistor connected to a 120-V power supply is

A) 1 A.
B) 10 A.
C) 12 A.
D) 120 A.

C) 12 A. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

The primary source of electrons in an ordinary electrical circuit is

A) a dry cell, wet cell or battery.
B) the back emf of motors.
C) the power station generator.
D) the electrical circuit itself.

D) the electrical circuit itself. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

In a common dc circuit, electrons move at speeds of

A) a fraction of a centimeter per second.
B) the speed of light.
C) the speed of a sound wave.

A) a fraction of a centimeter per second. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

Alternating current is normally produced by a

A) battery.
B) generator.

B) generator. Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25

The source of all magnetism is

A) tiny pieces of iron.
B) tiny domains of aligned atoms.
C) ferromagnetic materials.
D) moving electric charge.

D) moving electric charge. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

Moving electric charges will interact with

A) an electric field or a magnetic field.
B) only a magnetic field.
C) only an electric field.

A) an electric field or a magnetic field. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25

If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed

A) opposite the motion.
B) in the direction of the motion.
C) at right angles to the direction of the motion.

C) at right angles to the direction of the motion. Homework Chapter 24 Test 22-25

Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles

A) attract.
B) repel also.
C) may attract or repel.

A) attract. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25

The field surrounding every moving electron is

A) always magnetic but never electric.
B) always electric but never magnetic.
C) sometimes magnetic and sometimes electric.
D) always both electric and magnetic.

D) always both electric and magnetic. Homework Chapter 24 Test 22-25

Magnetic domains normally occur in

A) iron.
B) copper.
C) silver.

A) iron. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

The intensity of cosmic rays bombarding the Earth’s surface is largest at the

A) poles.
B) mid-latitudes.
C) equator.

A) poles. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of Magnet B and at a certain distance pulls on magnet B with a force of 100 N. The amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is

A) at or about 50 N.
B) exactly 100 N.
C) More information is needed.

B) exactly 100 N. Homework Chapter 24 Test 22-25

Which force field can increase a moving electron’s speed?

A) only an electric field
B) only a magnetic field
C) either an electric or magnetic field

A) only an electric field Homework Chapter 24 Test 22-25

When a bar magnet is broken in two, each half is
A) actually stronger than the original magnet
B) no longer magnetic
C) as magnetic as the original magnet
D) at most half as strong as the original magnet

D) at most half as strong as the original magnet Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25

When a bar magnet is thrust into a coil of copper wire, the coil tends to

A) attract the magnet as it enters.
B) repel the magnet as it enters.

B) repel the magnet as it enters. Homework Chapter 25

Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in

A) electric field intensity in the coil.
B) magnetic field intensity in the coil.
C) voltage in the coil.
D) the coil’s polarity.
E) electromagnetic polarity.

B) magnetic field intensity in the coil. Homework Chapter 25 Test 22-25

The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a

A) vacuum.
B) wooden rod.
C) glass rod.
D) rod of iron.

D) rod of iron. Homework Chapter 25

If a magnet is pushed into a coil, voltage is induced across the coil. If the same magnet is pushed into a coil with twice the number of loops

A) one half as much voltage is induced.
B) the same voltage is induced.
C) twice as much voltage is induced.
D) four times as much voltage is induced.

C) twice as much voltage is induced. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25

An electric motor is very similar to

A) an electric generator.
B) an automobile battery.
C) a radio receiver.

A) an electric generator. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25

A transformer actually transforms

A) voltage.
B) magnetic field lines.
C) generators into motors.
D) non-safe forms of energy to safe forms of energy.

A) voltage. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25

Transformers use ac so there will be the required

A) transfer of energy from coil to coil.
B) voltage for transformation.
C) change in magnetic field for operation.
D) change in input current.
E) magnetic field intensities.

C) change in magnetic field for operation. Homework Chapter 25

The output power of an ideal transformer is

A) greater than the input power.
B) equal to the input power.
C) smaller than the input power.

B) equal to the input power. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25

Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires is

A) also high to deliver appreciable power to distant places.
B) low so that overheating of the wires is minimized.

B) low so that overheating of the wires is minimized. Homework Chapter 25 Test 22-25

Rapid change of a magnetic field induces

A) a magnetic field of greater magnitude.
B) a magnetic field of the same magnitude.
C) an electric field.

C) an electric field. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on

A) one electron.
B) a specific large number of electrons.
C) a neutron.
D) a specific number of neutrons.
E) a quark.

B) a specific large number of electrons. Practice test 22-25

A main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces

A) attract.
B) repel or attract.
C) obey the inverse-square law.
D) act over shorter distances.
E) are weaker.

B) repel or attract. Practice test 22-25

A transistor is an example of a

A) resistor.
B) superconductor.
C) semiconductor.
D) dry cell.
E) transmitter.

C) semiconductor. Practice test 22-25

Two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. By far the greater force is

A) the gravitational attraction.
B) the electrical repulsion.

B) the electrical repulsion. Practice test 22-25

To say that an object is electrically polarized is to say

A) it is electrically charged.
B) its charges have been rearranged.
C) its internal electric field is zero.
D) it is only partially conducting.
E) it is to some degree magnetic.

B) its charges have been rearranged. Practice test 22-25

After a capacitor is fully charged, the total number of electrons it contains

A) is slightly greater.
B) is much greater.
C) is slightly less.
D) is much less.
E) remains unchanged.

E) remains unchanged. Practice test 22-25

When the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between the charges

A) quadruples.
B) doubles.
C) halves.
D) is reduced by 1/4.

A) quadruples. Practice test 22-25

Electrons move in an electrical circuit

A) by being bumped by other electrons.
B) by colliding with molecules.
C) by interacting with an established electric field.
D) because the wires are so thin.
E) none of these

C) by interacting with an established electric field. Practice test 22-25

The number of electrons delivered daily to an average American home by an average power utility in the mid 1980s was

A) zero.
B) 110.
C) 220.
D) billions of billions.

A) zero. Practice test 22-25

When a 60-watt light bulb is connected to a 120-volt source the current in the light bulb is

A) 0.25 A.
B) 0.5 A.
C) 2 A.
D) 4 A.

B) 0.5 A. Practice test 22-25

Compared to the amount of electric current in the filament of a lamp, the amount of current in the connecting wire is

A) actually more.
B) the same.
C) always less

B) the same. Practice test 22-25

The power dissipated in a 4-ohm resistor carrying 3 A is

A) 7 W.
B) 18 W.
C) 36 W.
D) 48 W.

C) 36 W. Practice test 22-25

The ratio of the potential difference across a metallic conductor to the current in the conductor is known as

A) potential drop.
B) conductivity.
C) resistance.
D) electromagnetic force.

C) resistance. Practice test 22-25

An iron rod becomes magnetic when

A) positive ions accumulate at one end and negative ions at the other end.
B) its atoms are aligned having plus charges on one side and negative charges on the other.
C) the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction.
D) its electrons stop moving and point in the same direction.
E) none of these

C) the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction. Practice test 22-25 Test 22-25

Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire

A) extend radially from the wire.
B) circle the wire in closed loops.
C) Choices A and B are both correct.
D) None of the above choices are correct.

B) circle the wire in closed loops. Practice test 22-25 Test 22-25

Compared to the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is

A) relatively small.
B) equally huge.
C) More information is needed.

B) equally huge. Practice test 22-25

An electron is shot through a spot somewhere between the ends of a horseshoe magnet. The electron

A) is unaffected by the field.
B) is attracted to one of the poles, and repelled by the other.
C) is repelled by both poles, and therefore is turned back.
D) speed is increased.
E) direction is changed.

E) direction is changed. Practice test 22-25

Superconducting electromagnets

A) exist now.
B) may be possible in the near future.
C) may be possible in the distant future.
D) are science fiction.

A) exist now. Practice test 22-25

When there is a change in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire

A) a voltage is induced in the wire.
B) a current is created in the loop of wire.
C) electromagnetic induction occurs.
D) all of these
E) none of these

D) all of these Practice test 22-25 Test 22-25

Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and the coil

A) becomes an electromagnet.
B) has a current in it.
C) both of these
D) neither of these

C) both of these Practice test 22-25

The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a

A) vacuum.
B) wooden rod.
C) glass rod.
D) rod of iron.

D) rod of iron. Practice test 22-25

Compared to the primary voltage, the secondary voltage may be

A) larger.
B) smaller.
C) the same.
D) larger, smaller, or the same.

D) larger, smaller, or the same. Practice test 22-25

Disconnect a small-voltage battery from a coil of many loops of wire and a large voltage is produced by

A) the sudden collapse in the magnetic field.
B) latent energy in the battery.
C) electrons already in the wire.
D) the electric field between the battery terminals.

A) the sudden collapse in the magnetic field. Practice test 22-25

A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil has 10 A of current, then the current in the secondary coil is

A) 2 A.
B) 5 A.
C) 10 A.
D) 25 A.
E) none of these

B) 5 A. Practice test 22-25

Metal detectors, like the ones used at airports, are activated by

A) electric fields.
B) magnetic fields.
C) electromagnetic induction.
D) alternating current.

C) electromagnetic induction. Practice test 22-25

The principal advantage of ac power over dc power is that

A) more energy is dissipated during transmission.
B) ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers.
C) ac circuits multiply power more easily.
D) ac circuits are safer.

B) ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers. Practice test 22-25 Test 22-25

Neon signs require about 12,000 volts to operate. If the circuit uses a 120-volt power source, the ratio of primary to secondary turns on the transformer should be

A) 1:100.
B) 100:1.
C) neither of these

A) 1:100. Practice test 22-25

The fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions is

A) gravitational.
B) nuclear.
C) centripetal.
D) electrical.
E) None of the above choices are correct.

D) electrical. Test 22-25

In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of

A) electrons that surround the nucleus.
B) neutrons in the nucleus.
C) Choices A and B are both correct.
D) Choices A and B are both incorrect.

A) electrons that surround the nucleus. Test 22-25

Strip electrons from an atom and the atom becomes a

A) positive ion.
B) negative ion.
C) different element.
D) molecule.

A) positive ion. Test 22-25

If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, then your hair becomes

A) positively charged.
B) negatively charged.
C) uncharged.

B) negatively charged. Test 22-25

Every proton in the universe is surrounded by its own

A) electric field and gravitational field.
B) gravitational field.
C) electric field
D) None of the above choices are correct.

A) electric field and gravitational field. Test 22-25

The net charge on a charged capacitor depends on

A) the area of the capacitor plates.
B) the distance between the capacitor plates.
C) the medium between the capacitor plates.
D) All of the above choices are correct.
E) None of the above choices are correct – the net charge is zero.

E) None of the above choices are correct – the net charge is zero. Test 22-25

Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are

A) negative.
B) smaller.
C) loosely bound.
D) all of these
E) none of these

C) loosely bound. Test 22-25

In the unlikely case of a lightning strike, it is worse to be inside a building framed with

A) steel.
B) iron.
C) aluminum.
D) wood.

D) wood. Test 22-25

You can touch a 100,000-volt Van de Graaff generator with little harm because although the voltage is high, the relatively small amount of charge means there is a relatively small amount of

A) energy.
B) electric field.
C) polarization.
D) conduction.

A) energy. Test 22-25

The electric field inside an uncharged metal ball is zero. If the ball is negatively charged, the electric field inside the ball is then

A) less than zero.
B) zero.
C) greater than zero.

B) zero. Test 22-25

A positive charge and a negative charge held near each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) stays the same.

A) increases. Test 22-25

A proton and an electron are placed in an electric field. Which undergoes the greater acceleration?

A) electron
B) proton
C) Both accelerate equally.
D) Neither accelerates.

A) electron Test 22-25

The electric power of a lamp that carries 2 A at 120 V is

A) 1/6 watts.
B) 2 watts.
C) 60 watts.
D) 20 watts.
E) 240 watts.

E) 240 watts. Test 22-25

On some early automobiles both headlights went out when one bulb burned out. The headlights must have been connected in

A) parallel.
B) perpendicular.
C) series.
D) haste.

C) series. Test 22-25

In an electric circuit, the safety fuse is connected to the circuit in

A) series.
B) parallel.
C) either series or parallel.

A) series. Test 22-25

A circuit breaker often serves the same purpose as a

A) battery
B) fuse.
C) capacitor.
D) All of the above choices are correct.
E) None of the above choices are correct.

B) fuse. Test 22-25

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series. The current is

A) greater in the lamp with the thick filament.
B) greater in the lamp with the thin filament.
C) the same in each lamp.

C) the same in each lamp. Test 22-25

When we say an appliance "uses up electricity," we really are saying that

A) current disappears.
B) electric charges are dissipated.
C) the main power supply voltage is lowered.
D) electrons are removed from the circuit and placed elsewhere.
E) electron kinetic energy is changed into heat.

E) electron kinetic energy is changed into heat. Test 22-25

Several paper clips dangle from the north pole of a magnet. The induced pole in the bottom of the lowermost paper clip is a

A) north pole.
B) south pole.
C) north or south pole – no difference really.

A) north pole. Test 22-25

Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they

A) move around the nucleus.
B) spin on their axes.
C) Choices A and B are both correct.
D) None of the above choices are correct.

C) Choices A and B are both correct. Test 22-25

Voltage can be induced in a wire by

A) moving the wire near a magnet.
B) moving a magnet near the wire.
C) changing the current in a nearby wire.
D) Choices A, B, and C are all true.
E) None of the above choices are true.

D) Choices A, B, and C are all true. Test 22-25

If the voltage produced by a generator alternates, it does so because

A) unlike a battery, it produces alternating current.
B) the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates.
C) alterations in the mechanical energy input.
D) in effect it is an ac motor in reverse.
E) the current it produces alternates.

B) the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates. Test 22-25

A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a

A) generator.
B) motor.
C) transformer.
D) magnet.
E) none of these

B) motor. Test 22-25

A step-up transformer has a ratio of one to ten. Neglecting slight losses, if 100 W of power go into the primary coil, the power coming from the secondary coil is

A) 1 W.
B) 10 W.
C) 100 W.
D) 1000 W.
E) none of these

C) 100 W. Test 22-25

The voltage across the input terminals of a transformer is 110 V. The primary has 50 loops and the secondary has 25 loops. The voltage the transformer puts out is

A) 25 V.
B) 55 V.
C) 110 V.
D) 220 V.
E) none of these

B) 55 V. Test 22-25

If the primary of a transformer were connected to a dc power source, the transformer would have a voltage output

A) at a higher efficiency than with an ac source.
B) the same.
C) that is also dc.
D) only while being connected or disconnected.
E) none of these

D) only while being connected or disconnected. Test 22-25

Most of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are

A) red light.
B) blue light.
C) green light.
D) invisible.

D) invisible. Homework Chapter 26

Electromagnetic waves consist of

A) compressions and rarefactions of electromagnetic pulses.
B) oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
C) particles of light energy.
D) high-frequency gravitational waves.

B) oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Homework Chapter 26 Practice Test 26-30

Which of these electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength?

A) radio waves
B) infrared waves
C) X-rays
D) ultraviolet waves
E) light waves

C) X-rays Homework Chapter 26

Compared to radio waves, the velocity of visible light waves in a vacuum is

A) less.
B) more.
C) the same.

C) the same Homework Chapter 26 Test 26-30

The source of all electromagnetic waves is

A) heat
B) magnetic fields
C) vibrating charges
D) electric fields

C) vibrating charges Homework Chapter 26

Which of the following is fundamentally different from the others?

A) sound waves
B) X-rays
C) gamma rays
D) light waves
E) radio waves

A) sound waves Homework Chapter 26 Test 26-30

Consider light energy that is momentarily absorbed in glass and then re-emitted. Compared to the absorbed light, the frequency of the re-emitted light is

A) considerably less.
B) slightly less.
C) the same.
D) slightly more.
E) considerably more.

C) the same. Homework Chapter 26 Practice Test 26 – 30

Compared to its average speed in air, the average speed of a beam of light in glass is

A) more.
B) less.
C) the same.

B) less. Homework Chapter 26 Test 26-30

Materials generally become warmer when light is

A) absorbed by them.
B) reflected by them.
C) transmitted by them.
D) all of these
E) none of these

A) absorbed by them. Homework Chapter 26 Test 26-30

The Earth’s atmosphere is transparent to most waves in the

A) infrared part of the spectrum.
B) visible part of the spectrum.
C) ultraviolet part of the spectrum.
D) entire electromagnetic spectrum.

B) visible part of the spectrum. Homework Chapter 26 Practice Tests 26 – 30

Object and image for a plane mirror lie

A) along the same plane.
B) equal distances from the mirror.
C) at right angles to each other.
D) all of these
E) none of these

B) equal distances from the mirror. Homework Chapter 28

The law of reflection holds for

A) both of these
B) plane mirrors
C) curved mirrors

A) both of these Homework Chapter 28

Diffuse reflection occurs when the size of surface irregularities is

A) small compared to the wavelength of the light used.
B) large compared to the wavelength of the light used.
C) microscopic.

B) large compared to the wavelength of the light used. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, the relative speed between you and your image is

A) half your speed.
B) your speed.
C) twice your speed.
D) none of these

C) twice your speed. Homework Chapter 28 Practice Test 26 – 30

Light travels fastest in

A) warm air.
B) cool air.
C) a vacuum.

C) a vacuum. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

When light passes through an ordinary window pane, its angle of emergence is

A) usually less than its angle of incidence.
B) always less than its angle of incidence.
C) the same as its angle of incidence.
D) usually more than its angle of incidence.
E) always more than its angle of incidence.

C) the same as its angle of incidence. Homework Chapter 28

A mirage is a result of atmospheric

A) reflection.
B) refraction.
C) scattering.
D) dispersion.
E) aberrations.

B) refraction. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

Refraction results from differences in light’s

A) frequency.
B) incident angles.
C) speed.

C) speed. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

When a light beam emerges from water into air, the average light speed

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains the same.

A) increases. Homework Chapter 28

Refraction causes the bottom of a swimming pool to appear

A) farther down than it actually is.
B) closer to the surface than it actually is.

B) closer to the surface than it actually is. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

Consider plane waves incident upon a barrier with a small opening. After passing through the opening, the waves

A) continue as plane waves.
B) fan out.
C) converge.
D) become polarized.

B) fan out. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

For viewing tiny objects in a microscope, diffraction is

A) helpful.
B) a hindrance.
C) not a factor.

B) a hindrance. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

Iridescent colors seen in the pearly luster of an abalone shell are due to

A) refraction.
B) diffraction.
C) dispersion.
D) polarization.
E) interference.

E) interference. Homework Chapter 29

Polarization is a property of

A) transverse waves.
B) longitudinal waves.
C) both
D) neither

A) transverse waves. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

The vibrational direction of the electron and the plane of polarization of the light it emits

A) are the same.
B) are at right angles to each other.
C) are independent of each other.

A) are the same. Homework Chapter 29

Some double-pane airplane windows darken when the inner pane is rotated. The panes are

A) thin films.
B) Polaroid filters.
C) optical fibers.

B) Polaroid filters. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

The polarization axes of glasses for 3-D viewing are

A) vertical.
B) horizontal.
C) at right angles to each other.

C) at right angles to each other. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

An inventor proposes to equip an office with a polarized source of background music and let those who prefer not to hear it wear polarizing earplugs. His idea is

A) a good one – giving people a choice.
B) nonsense – you can’t polarize a sound wave.

B) nonsense – you can’t polarize a sound wave. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

A hologram is simply a

A) complex diffraction grating.
B) thin sheet of non-cubic transparent crystals.
C) pair of semi-crossed polarization filters.
D) thin photographic film with microscopic images over the entire surface.

A) complex diffraction grating. Homework Chapter 29 Practice Test 26 – 30 Test 26-30

Monochromatic light is light of a single

A) wavelength.
B) frequency.
C) color.
D) all of these

D) all of these Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

If the radiation curve for an incandescent object peaks in the green region, the object would appear

A) red.
B) yellow.
C) green.
D) blue.
E) white.

E) white Homework Chapter 30

The spectral lines are more distinct when viewed in a mercury vapor lamp under

A) high pressure.
B) low pressure.
C) same for each

B) low pressure. Homework Chapter 30

A watch dial that continues to glow after a week in the dark is almost certainly

A) fluorescent.
B) phosphorescent.
C) polarized.
D) radioactive.

D) radioactive Homework Chapter 30 Test 26-30

Some light switches glow in the dark after the lights are turned off. This is because of

A) fluorescence.
B) resonance.
C) incandescence.
D) phosphorescence

D) phosphorescence Homework Chapter 30

The energy of a photon depends on its

A) speed.
B) frequency.
C) amplitude.
D) none of these

B) frequency. Homework Chapter 30 Test 26-30

Which light source is more energy-efficient?

A) a fluorescent lamp
B) an incandescent lamp
C) both about the same

A) a fluorescent lamp Homework Chapter 30

The hottest star is the star that glows

A) red.
B) white.
C) blue.

C) blue. Homework Chapter 30

The absorption of an infrared photon that excites an atom to emit a green photon

A) occurs in plants.
B) occurs in the process of phosphorescence.
C) violates the law of energy conservation.

C) violates the law of energy conservation. Homework Chapter 30

The radiation curve for a "blue hot" object peaks in the

A) infrared region.
B) red region.
C) yellow region.
D) ultraviolet region.
E) none of these

D) ultraviolet region. Homework Chapter 30

Sometimes a flashlight filament glows red instead of white. This indicates a lowness of

A) current in the filament.
B) battery strength.
C) filament temperature.
D) all of these

D) all of these Homework Chapter 30

The source of all electromagnetic waves is
A) vibrating atoms
B) changes in atomic energy levels
C) accelerating electric charges
D) crystalline fluctuations
E) none of these

C) accelerating electric charges Practice Test 26 – 30

Compared to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is

A) shorter.
B) longer.
C) the same.

B) longer. Practice Test 26 – 30

When ultraviolet light is incident upon glass, atoms in the glass

A) are forced into vibration.
B) resonate.
C) pass the light energy along practically undiminished.
D) freely absorb and re-emit most of the ultraviolet light.

B) resonate. Practice Test 26 – 30

Infrared waves are often called heat waves because they

A) emanate from relatively hot sources.
B) consist of frequencies lower than those of visible light.
C) induce resonance in molecules and increase internal energy in a substance.
D) are absorbed rather than reflected by the skin.
E) are the predominant waves emitted by the sun.

C) induce resonance in molecules and increase internal energy in a substance. Practice Test 26 – 30

A lunar eclipse occurs when the

A) sun passes into Earth’s shadow.
B) moon passes into Earth’s shadow.
C) Earth passes into the sun’s shadow.
D) Earth passes into the moon’s shadow.

B) moon passes into Earth’s shadow. Practice Test 26 – 30

A partial solar eclipse occurs for people in the sun’s

A) umbra.
B) penumbra.
C) none of these

B) penumbra Practice Test 26 – 30

The cones in the retina of the eye are

A) most densely packed at the center of vision.
B) uniformly spread along the visual field.
C) concentrated along the periphery of vision.

A) most densely packed at the center of vision. Practice Test 26 – 30

Red-hot and blue-hot stars appear white to the eye because

A) the eye has difficulty seeing color at night.
B) they are too dim to fire the cones.
C) they are too dim to fire the rods.
D) they are overwhelmed by the blackness of the nighttime sky.
E) eye receptivity peaks in the yellow-green part of the spectrum.

B) they are too dim to fire the cones. Practice Test 26 – 30

In the periphery of our vision, we are

A) more sensitive to low frequencies than high ones.
B) insensitive to color and movement.
C) sensitive to movement, but cannot see color.
D) sensitive to both movement and color.
E) none of these

C) sensitive to movement, but cannot see color. Practice Test 26 – 30

If a light signal and a radio signal were emitted simultaneously from Alpha Centauri, the first to reach Earth would be the

A) radio signal.
B) light signal.
C) both would reach Earth at the same time.

C) both would reach Earth at the same time. Practice Test 26 – 30

Light will almost always travel from one place to another along a path of least

A) distance.
B) time.
C) effort.
D) expense.
E) complication.

B) time. Practice Test 26 – 30

A surface that is considered rough for infrared waves may be polished for

A) radio waves.
B) light waves.
C) both of these
D) none of these

A) radio waves. Practice Test 26 – 30

The shortest plane mirror in which you can see your entire image is

A) half your height.
B) about 3/4 your height.
C) about 1/3 your height.
D) equal to your height.
E) dependent on your distance from the mirror.

A) half your height. Practice Test 26 – 30

Atmospheric refraction makes the daylight hours a bit

A) longer.
B) shorter.
C) longer in summer but shorter in winter.

A) longer. Practice Test 26 – 30

The twinkling of the stars is a result of atmospheric

A) reflection.
B) refraction.
C) scattering.
D) dispersion.
E) aberrations.

B) refraction. Practice Test 26 – 30

Light refracts when traveling from air into glass because light

A) has greater intensity in air than in glass.
B) has greater intensity in glass than in air.
C) has greater frequency in air than in glass.
D) has greater frequency in glass than in air.
E) travels slower in glass than in air.

E) travels slower in glass than in air. Practice Test 26 – 30

A single raindrop illuminated by sunshine disperses

A) a single color.
B) either low-, middle-, or high-frequency colors in most cases.
C) all the colors of the rainbow.

C) all the colors of the rainbow. Practice Test 26 – 30

The critical angle for a transparent material is the angle at and beyond which all light within the material is

A) refracted.
B) reflected.
C) absorbed.
D) dispersed.
E) diffused.

B) reflected. Practice Test 26 – 30

Which of the following can be projected onto a viewing screen?

A) a real image
B) a virtual image
C) both
D) neither

A) a real image Practice Test 26 – 30

Your vision is sharpest when your pupil is

A) dilated.
B) constricted.
C) same either way.

B) constricted. Practice Test 26 – 30

A beam of light travels fastest in

A) glass.
B) water.
C) plastic.
D) air.
E) is the same in each of these

D) air. Practice Test 26 – 30

A fish outside water will see better if it has goggles that are

A) tinted blue.
B) hemispheres.
C) filled with water.
D) extremely shiny.
E) none of these

C) filled with water. Practice Test 26 – 30

If you wish to hit a red fish with a red laser beam, you should compensate for refraction between the air and water by aiming your laser

A) directly at the sighted fish.
B) above the sighted fish.
C) below the sighted fish.

A) directly at the sighted fish. Practice Test 26 – 30

The moon’s redness during a lunar eclipse results from

A) only lower frequencies being reflected from the moon.
B) infrared radiation that is normally blocked.
C) an optical illusion.
D) refraction by the Earth’s atmosphere of Earth’s sunrises and sunsets.
E) none of these

D) refraction by the Earth’s atmosphere of Earth’s sunrises and sunsets. Practice Test 26 – 30

Diffraction is more pronounced through relatively

A) small openings.
B) large openings.
C) same for each

A) small openings. Practice Test 26 – 30

To perceive greater detail a dolphin emits sounds of

A) lower frequency.
B) higher frequency.
C) greater intensity.
D) greater speed.
E) none of these

B) higher frequency. Practice Test 26 – 30

Newton’s rings are a demonstration of

A) refraction.
B) reflection.
C) dispersion.
D) polarization.
E) interference.

E) interference. Practice Test 26 – 30

Light will not pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are

A) parallel.
B) perpendicular.
C) 45 degrees to each other.
D) two of these
E) all of these

B) perpendicular. Practice Test 26 – 30

The function of polarizing filters in viewing 3-D slides or movies is to provide each eye

A) the ability to see parallax.
B) a balanced intensity.
C) an independent left or right-hand view.
D) a stereoscopic view.
E) with light polarized at right angles to each other.

C) an independent left or right-hand view. Practice Test 26 – 30

Interference colors in a soap bubble give evidence that the soap film

A) has two reflecting surfaces.
B) is thin.
C) both of these
D) neither of these

C) both of these Practice Test 26 – 30

Which of the following is a property of light waves, but not of sound waves?

A) frequency
B) wavelength
C) amplitude
D) polarization
E) none of these

D) polarization Practice Test 26 – 30

A painting looks less flat when viewed with

A) one eye.
B) both eyes.
C) Polaroid glasses.

A) one eye. Practice Test 26 – 30

To say that energy levels in an atom are discrete is to say the energy levels are well defined and

A) separate from one another.
B) separated from one another by the same energy increments.
C) continuous.
D) private.

A) separate from one another. Practice Test 26 – 30

An excited atom is an atom

A) that has excess vibration.
B) that has one or more displaced electrons.
C) with more protons than electrons.
D) that is frantic.

B) that has one or more displaced electrons. Practice Test 26 – 30

Light is emitted when an electron

A) is boosted to a higher energy level.
B) makes a transition to a lower energy level.
C) neither of these

B) makes a transition to a lower energy level. Practice Test 26 – 30

A throbbing pulse of electromagnetic radiation is called a

A) proton.
B) photon.
C) lightron.
D) sparktron.
E) notron.

B) photon. Practice Test 26 – 30

The variety of colors seen in a burning log comes from the variety of

A) multi-layered incandescent surfaces.
B) electron transitions in various atoms.
C) temperatures.
D) chemicals in the log.
E) absorbing gases between the log and the viewer.

D) chemicals in the log. Practice Test 26 – 30

Fluorescent minerals on display in museums are illuminated with

A) infrared light.
B) ultraviolet light.
C) often either or both
D) none of these

B) ultraviolet light. Practice Test 26 – 30

Light from two closely spaced stars will not produce a steady interference pattern at the Earth’s surface because of

A) incoherence.
B) the inherent instability of the atmosphere.
C) their different radial distances.
D) their non-point like natures.
E) Closely spaced stars do produce interference patterns.

A) incoherence. Practice Test 26 – 30

Light frequency from an incandescent lamp depends on the

A) amount of electrical energy transformed.
B) rate of atomic and molecular vibrations.
C) voltage applied to the lamp.
D) electrical resistance of the lamp.
E) transparency of glass.

B) rate of atomic and molecular vibrations. Practice Test 26 – 30

Isolated bells ring clear, while bells crammed in a box have a muffled ring. If the sound of isolated bells is analogous to light from a gas discharge tube, then sound from the box crammed with bells is analogous to light from

A) a laser.
B) a fluorescent lamp.
C) an incandescent lamp.
D) a phosphorescent source.
E) none of these

C) an incandescent lamp. Practice Test 26 – 30

Astronomers can tell whether a star is approaching or receding from Earth by

A) its temperature.
B) its change in temperature.
C) its absorption spectra.
D) the Doppler effect.
E) all of these

D) the Doppler effect. Practice Test 26 – 30

A paint pigment that absorbs blue light and gives off red light

A) is fluorescent.
B) is phosphorescent.
C) is used in lasers.
D) is fluorescent or phosphorescent.
E) doesn’t exist.

D) is fluorescent or phosphorescent. Practice Test 26 – 30

Atoms can be excited by

A) thermal agitation.
B) electron impact.
C) photon impact.
D) all of these
E) none of these

D) all of these Test 26 – 30

If an electric charge is shaken up and down

A) sound is emitted.
B) light is emitted.
C) electron excitation occurs.
D) a magnetic field is created.
E) its mass decreases.

D) a magnetic field is created. Test 26 – 30

Sunburns are produced by

A) ultraviolet light.
B) visible light.
C) infrared light.
D) all of these
E) none of these

A) ultraviolet light. Test 26 – 30

A solar eclipse occurs when the

A) sun passes into Earth’s shadow.
B) moon passes into the Earth’s shadow.
C) the moon’s shadow touches Earth.

C) the moon’s shadow touches Earth. Test 26 – 30

The sensation of color is seen when light falls on the eye’s

A) rods.
B) cones.
C) both
D) neither

B) cones. Test 26 – 30

Information-carrying nerves are connected to the retina at

A) the fovea.
B) the blind spot.
C) the cornea.
D) the iris.
E) the periphery.

B) the blind spot Test 26 – 30

Which of the following cannot travel in a vacuum?

A) a light wave
B) a sound wave
C) a radio wave
D) All can travel in a vacuum.
E) None can travel in a vacuum.

B) a sound wave Test 26 – 30

A pair of sunglasses and a pair of clear reading glasses are left in the sunlight. The hotter glasses would be the

A) sunglasses.
B) reading glasses.
C) both
D) neither

A) sunglasses. Test 26 – 30

The moon would be at its fullest just before the time of a

A) solar eclipse.
B) lunar eclipse.
C) both of these
D) none of these

B) lunar eclipse. Test 26 – 30

The color of an opaque object is the same as the light that is

A) transmitted.
B) absorbed.
C) reflected.
D) all of these
E) none of these

C) reflected. Test 26 – 30

Things seen by moonlight usually aren’t colored because moonlight

A) doesn’t have very many colors in it.
B) is too dim to activate the retina’s cones.
C) photons don’t have enough energy to activate the retina’s cones.
D) all of these
E) none of these

B) is too dim to activate the retina’s cones. Test 26 – 30

The sky is blue because air molecules in the sky act as tiny

A) mirrors which reflect only blue light.
B) resonators which scatter blue light.
C) sources of white light.
D) prisms.

B) resonators which scatter blue light. Test 26 – 30

When light reflects from a surface, there is a change in its

A) frequency.
B) wavelength.
C) speed.
D) direction
E) none of these

D) direction Test 26 – 30

It is difficult to see the roadway in front of you when you are driving on a rainy night mainly because

A) light scatters from raindrops and cuts down the light to reach your eyes.
B) of added condensation on the inner surface of the windshield.
C) the film of water on your windshield provides an additional reflecting surface.
D) the film of water on the roadway makes the road less diffuse.
E) none of these

D) the film of water on the roadway makes the road less diffuse. Test 26 – 30

Different colors are dispersed by a prism because different colors in the prism have different

A) frequencies.
B) speeds.
C) directions.
D) energies.
E) none of these

B) speeds. Test 26 – 30

When you view a distant rainbow, each single water drop contributes to the bow

A) a single color.
B) either low-, middle-, or high-frequency colors in most cases.
C) all the colors of the rainbow.

A) a single color. Test 26 – 30

Chromatic aberration is a consequence of different colors in a lens having different

A) aberrations.
B) frequencies.
C) energies.
D) critical angles.
E) speeds.

E) speeds. Test 26 – 30

Stars twinkle when seen from the Earth. When seen from the moon, stars

A) twinkle more.
B) twinkle less.
C) don’t twinkle.

C) don’t twinkle. Test 26 – 30

Waves diffract the most when their wavelength is

A) short.
B) long.
C) Both diffract the same.

B) long. Test 26 – 30

Interference is a property of

A) light waves.
B) sound waves.
C) water waves.
D) all of these
E) none of these

D) all of these Test 26 – 30

Light from a lit match comes from

A) electrons.
B) protons.
C) neutrons.
D) all of these

A) electrons. Test 26 – 30

Electrons with the greater potential energies with respect to the atomic nucleus are

A) inner electrons.
B) outer electrons.
C) both the same, actually

B) outer electrons. Test 26 – 30

An atom that absorbs a photon of a certain energy can then emit

A) only a photon of that energy.
B) a photon of any energy.
C) only a photon of the same or higher energy.
D) only a photon of the same or lower energy.

D) only a photon of the same or lower energy. Test 26 – 30

Which color of light carries the most energy per photon?

A) red
B) green
C) blue
D) violet
E) all the same

D) violet Test 26 – 30

Atoms of neon in a glass tube can be excited

A) once per atom.
B) over and over again.

B) over and over again. Test 26 – 30

The greater proportion of energy immediately converted to heat rather than light occurs in

A) a fluorescent lamp.
B) an incandescent lamp.
C) both the same

B) an incandescent lamp. Test 26 – 30

Discrete spectral lines occur when excitation takes place in a

A) solid.
B) liquid.
C) gas.
D) superconductor.
E) all of these

Test 26 – 30

An atom that emits a certain frequency of light is

A) not likely to absorb that same frequency.
B) an absorber of the same frequency.

B) an absorber of the same frequency. Test 26 – 30

In the process of fluorescence, the input is high-frequency light and the output is

A) higher-frequency light.
B) equally high-frequency light.
C) lower-frequency light.

C) lower-frequency light Test 26 – 30

Light from a laser is

A) monochromatic.
B) in phase.
C) coherent.
D) all of these
E) none of these

D) all of these Test 26 – 30

Which of the following continually emits electromagnetic radiation?

A) insects
B) radio antennas
C) red-hot coals
D) all of these
E) none of these

D) all of these Test 26 – 30

A paint pigment that absorbs red light and gives off blue light

A) is fluorescent.
B) is phosphorescent.
C) is used in lasers.
D) is polarized.
E) doesn’t exist.

E) doesn’t exist. Test 26 – 30

Which of the following are conserved when a photon collides with an electron?

A) momentum, energy, and velocity
B) momentum and energy
C) momentum and velocity
D) energy and velocity
E) None of the above choices are correct.

B) momentum and energy Homework Chapter 31

Which of the following has the longer wavelength?

A) a low-energy electron
B) a high-energy electron
C) Both have the same wavelength.

A) a low-energy electron Homework Chapter 31

According to quantum physics, measuring the velocity of a tiny particle with an electromagnet

A) affects the velocity of the particle.
B) has no effect on the velocity of the particle.

A) affects the velocity of the particle. Homework Chapter 31

A radiation detector measures the radioactivity of a piece of radium by catching and counting alpha particles it emits. According to quantum physics, making this measurement affects the

A) radiation rate of the piece of radium.
B) alpha particles that are caught.
C) neither of these

B) alpha particles that are caught. Homework Chapter 31

An electron and a proton are traveling at the same speed. Which has the longer wavelength?

A) the electron
B) the proton
C) Both have the same wavelength.

A) the electron Homework Chapter 31

Two photons have the same wavelength. They also have the same

A) frequency.
B) energy.
C) both of these

C) both of these Homework Chapter 31

Two beams of light, a red beam and a blue beam, have the same energy. The beam with the greater number of photons is the

A) red beam.
B) blue beam.
C) both the same

A) red beam Homework Chapter 31

According to the uncertainty principle, the more we know about a particle’s momentum, the less we know about its

A) kinetic energy.
B) mass.
C) speed.
D) location.

D) location. Homework Chapter 31

Quantum uncertainties are most predominant for simultaneously measuring the speed and location of

A) a baseball.
B) an electron.

B) an electron. Homework Chapter 31

Which experiment best demonstrates the particle-like nature of light?

A) photoelectric effect
B) double-slit experiment
C) neither

A) photoelectric effect Homework Chapter 31

Compared to the wavelengths of visible light, the wavelengths of matter waves are relatively

A) large.
B) small.

B) small. Homework Chapter 32

An excited atom decays to its ground state and emits a photon of green light. If instead the atom decays to an intermediate state, then the light emitted could be

A) red.
B) violet.
C) blue.
D) any of these

A) red. Homework Chapter 32

Compared to the diameter of a zirconium atom (A = 40), the diameter of a mercury atom (A = 80) is approximately

A) four times as large.
B) twice as large.
C) the same size.
D) one-half as large.
E) one-quarter as large.

C) the same size. Homework Chapter 32

What do electrons have that protons always have in equal magnitude?

A) mass
B) charge
C) energy
D) none of these

B) charge Homework Chapter 32

A new theory conforms to the correspondence principle when it

A) corresponds to all theories in nature.
B) updates the essence of the old theory.
C) ties two or more theories together.
D) accounts for verified results of the old theory.

D) accounts for verified results of the old theory. Homework Chapter 32

The quantum-mechanical probability cloud for the electron in the hydrogen atom has an average radius

A) quite different from the radius predicted by Bohr.
B) that agrees with the orbital radius of Bohr.

B) that agrees with the orbital radius of Bohr. Homework Chapter 32

The main reason electrons occupy discrete orbits in an atom is because

A) energy levels are quantized.
B) electric forces act over quantized distances.
C) electrons are basically discrete particles.
D) the circumference of each orbit is an integral multiple of electron wavelengths.

D) the circumference of each orbit is an integral multiple of electron wavelengths. Homework Chapter 32

Orbital electrons do not spiral into the nucleus because of

A) electromagnetic forces.
B) angular momentum conservation.
C) the large nuclear size compared to the electron’s size.
D) the wave nature of the electron.

D) the wave nature of the electron. Homework Chapter 32

We now consider the orbital model of the atom to be

A) an accurate picture of a hydrogen atom.
B) totally useless – of historical interest only.
C) defective and oversimplified, but still useful.

C) defective and oversimplified, but still useful. Homework Chapter 32

Some alpha particles fired through a gold foil bounce backward by

A) making direct hits with gold atoms.
B) electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei.
C) electrostatic repulsion with the electron clouds of gold atoms.
D) none of these

B) electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei. Homework Chapter 32

The phenomenon that can be explained only in terms of the particle model of light is
A) reflection.
B) refraction.
C) diffraction.
D) photoelectric effect.

D) photoelectric effect. Homework Chapter 33

A device that is used primarily to detect nuclear radiation is a

A) synchrotron.
B) linear accelerator.
C) cyclotron.
D) geiger counter.

D) geiger counter. Homework Chapter 33

The half-life of carbon 14 is 5730 years. If a 1-gram sample of old carbon is 1/8 as radioactive as 1-gram of a current sample, then the age of the old sample is about

A) 716 years.
B) 11,500 years.
C) 17,200 years.
D) 22,900 years.
E) 46,000 years.

C) 17,200 years. Homework Chapter 33

The half-lives of elements beyond uranium are too short for these elements to occur in natural deposits. But elements below uranium that have equally short half-lives do occur in natural deposits. This is because they are

A) the small leftover of huge abundances when the Earth formed.
B) subdued and preserved by pressures beneath the Earth.
C) bound with longer-living elements.
D) the products of uranium decay.

D) the products of uranium decay. Homework Chapter 33

If an alpha particle and a beta particle have the same energy, which particle will penetrate farther into an object?

A) alpha particle
B) beta particle
C) They both penetrate the same distance.

B) beta particle Homework Chapter 33

It’s impossible for a hydrogen atom to emit an alpha particle.

A) True.
B) False.

A) True. Homework Chapter 33

Which experiences the least electrical force in an electric field?

A) alpha particle
B) beta particle
C) electron
D) gamma ray

D) gamma ray Homework Chapter 33

When the hydrogen isotope tritium-3 emits a beta particle, it becomes an isotope of

A) hydrogen.
B) helium.
C) lithium.
D) carbon.
E) none of these

B) helium. Homework Chapter 33

When radium (A = 88) emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has atomic number

A) 86.
B) 88.
C) 90.
D) 92.

A) 86. Homework Chapter 33

Radioactivity in the world is something

A) relatively new.
B) as old as the world itself.

B) as old as the world itself. Homework Chapter 33

Which element has the smaller critical mass; U-235 that releases 2.5 neutrons per fission, or Pu-239 that releases 2.7 neutrons per fission?

A) U-235
B) Pu-239
C) Both would have the same critical mass.

B) Pu-239 Homework Chapter 34

Which shape uses the smallest amount of material when creating a critical mass?

A) cube
B) elongated box
C) cone
D) sphere

D) sphere Homework Chapter 34

If iron were used as nuclear fuel, it would be best

A) fused.
B) fissioned.
C) neither fused nor fissioned.

neither fused nor fissioned. Homework Chapter 34

Fissioning a lead nucleus yields a net

A) absorption of energy.
B) release of energy.
C) neither absorption nor release of energy

B) release of energy. Homework Chapter 34

Fusing two helium nuclei yields a net

A) absorption of energy.
B) release of energy.
C) neither absorption nor release of energy

B) release of energy. Homework Chapter 34

When U-235 undergoes fission, the two nuclei that result have a total of

A) 90 protons.
B) 91 protons.
C) 92 protons.
D) 93 protons.
E) 94 protons.

C) 92 protons. Homework Chapter 34

Plutonium is not found in any appreciable amounts in natural ore deposits because it

A) is artificially created.
B) is chemically inert.
C) is a gas at room temperature.
D) has a short half-life.

D) has a short half-life. Homework Chapter 34

In gaseous form, at the same temperature, the average speed of U-238 compared to the speed of U-235 is

A) less.
B) more.
C) the same.

A) less. Homework Chapter 34

The most abundant element in the universe is

A) hydrogen.
B) helium.
C) lead.
D) uranium.
E) americanium.

A) hydrogen. Homework Chapter 34

The energy release in both fission and fusion is mainly in the form of

A) kinetic energy of fragments.
B) alpha radiation.
C) beta radiation.
D) gamma radiation.
E) a combination of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.

A) kinetic energy of fragments.

Which of the following are conserved when a photon collides with an electron?

A) momentum, energy, and velocity
B) momentum and energy
C) momentum and velocity
D) energy and velocity
E) None of the above choices are correct.

B) momentum and energy Homework Chapter 31

Which of the following has the longer wavelength?

A) a low-energy electron
B) a high-energy electron
C) Both have the same wavelength.

A) a low-energy electron Homework Chapter 31

According to quantum physics, measuring the velocity of a tiny particle with an electromagnet

A) affects the velocity of the particle.
B) has no effect on the velocity of the particle.

A) affects the velocity of the particle. Homework Chapter 31

A radiation detector measures the radioactivity of a piece of radium by catching and counting alpha particles it emits. According to quantum physics, making this measurement affects the

A) radiation rate of the piece of radium.
B) alpha particles that are caught.
C) neither of these

B) alpha particles that are caught. Homework Chapter 31

An electron and a proton are traveling at the same speed. Which has the longer wavelength?

A) the electron
B) the proton
C) Both have the same wavelength.

A) the electron Homework Chapter 31

Two photons have the same wavelength. They also have the same

A) frequency.
B) energy.
C) both of these

C) both of these Homework Chapter 31

Two beams of light, a red beam and a blue beam, have the same energy. The beam with the greater number of photons is the

A) red beam.
B) blue beam.
C) both the same

A) red beam Homework Chapter 31

According to the uncertainty principle, the more we know about a particle’s momentum, the less we know about its

A) kinetic energy.
B) mass.
C) speed.
D) location.

D) location. Homework Chapter 31

Quantum uncertainties are most predominant for simultaneously measuring the speed and location of

A) a baseball.
B) an electron.

B) an electron. Homework Chapter 31

Which experiment best demonstrates the particle-like nature of light?

A) photoelectric effect
B) double-slit experiment
C) neither

A) photoelectric effect Homework Chapter 31

Compared to the wavelengths of visible light, the wavelengths of matter waves are relatively

A) large.
B) small.

B) small. Homework Chapter 32

An excited atom decays to its ground state and emits a photon of green light. If instead the atom decays to an intermediate state, then the light emitted could be

A) red.
B) violet.
C) blue.
D) any of these

A) red. Homework Chapter 32

Compared to the diameter of a zirconium atom (A = 40), the diameter of a mercury atom (A = 80) is approximately

A) four times as large.
B) twice as large.
C) the same size.
D) one-half as large.
E) one-quarter as large.

C) the same size. Homework Chapter 32

What do electrons have that protons always have in equal magnitude?

A) mass
B) charge
C) energy
D) none of these

B) charge Homework Chapter 32

A new theory conforms to the correspondence principle when it

A) corresponds to all theories in nature.
B) updates the essence of the old theory.
C) ties two or more theories together.
D) accounts for verified results of the old theory.

D) accounts for verified results of the old theory. Homework Chapter 32

The quantum-mechanical probability cloud for the electron in the hydrogen atom has an average radius

A) quite different from the radius predicted by Bohr.
B) that agrees with the orbital radius of Bohr.

B) that agrees with the orbital radius of Bohr. Homework Chapter 32

The main reason electrons occupy discrete orbits in an atom is because

A) energy levels are quantized.
B) electric forces act over quantized distances.
C) electrons are basically discrete particles.
D) the circumference of each orbit is an integral multiple of electron wavelengths.

D) the circumference of each orbit is an integral multiple of electron wavelengths. Homework Chapter 32

Orbital electrons do not spiral into the nucleus because of

A) electromagnetic forces.
B) angular momentum conservation.
C) the large nuclear size compared to the electron’s size.
D) the wave nature of the electron.

D) the wave nature of the electron. Homework Chapter 32

We now consider the orbital model of the atom to be

A) an accurate picture of a hydrogen atom.
B) totally useless – of historical interest only.
C) defective and oversimplified, but still useful.

C) defective and oversimplified, but still useful. Homework Chapter 32

Some alpha particles fired through a gold foil bounce backward by

A) making direct hits with gold atoms.
B) electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei.
C) electrostatic repulsion with the electron clouds of gold atoms.
D) none of these

B) electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei. Homework Chapter 32

The phenomenon that can be explained only in terms of the particle model of light is
A) reflection.
B) refraction.
C) diffraction.
D) photoelectric effect.

D) photoelectric effect. Homework Chapter 33

A device that is used primarily to detect nuclear radiation is a

A) synchrotron.
B) linear accelerator.
C) cyclotron.
D) geiger counter.

D) geiger counter. Homework Chapter 33

The half-life of carbon 14 is 5730 years. If a 1-gram sample of old carbon is 1/8 as radioactive as 1-gram of a current sample, then the age of the old sample is about

A) 716 years.
B) 11,500 years.
C) 17,200 years.
D) 22,900 years.
E) 46,000 years.

C) 17,200 years. Homework Chapter 33

The half-lives of elements beyond uranium are too short for these elements to occur in natural deposits. But elements below uranium that have equally short half-lives do occur in natural deposits. This is because they are

A) the small leftover of huge abundances when the Earth formed.
B) subdued and preserved by pressures beneath the Earth.
C) bound with longer-living elements.
D) the products of uranium decay.

D) the products of uranium decay. Homework Chapter 33

If an alpha particle and a beta particle have the same energy, which particle will penetrate farther into an object?

A) alpha particle
B) beta particle
C) They both penetrate the same distance.

B) beta particle Homework Chapter 33

It’s impossible for a hydrogen atom to emit an alpha particle.

A) True.
B) False.

A) True. Homework Chapter 33

Which experiences the least electrical force in an electric field?

A) alpha particle
B) beta particle
C) electron
D) gamma ray

D) gamma ray Homework Chapter 33

When the hydrogen isotope tritium-3 emits a beta particle, it becomes an isotope of

A) hydrogen.
B) helium.
C) lithium.
D) carbon.
E) none of these

B) helium. Homework Chapter 33

When radium (A = 88) emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has atomic number

A) 86.
B) 88.
C) 90.
D) 92.

A) 86. Homework Chapter 33

Radioactivity in the world is something

A) relatively new.
B) as old as the world itself.

B) as old as the world itself. Homework Chapter 33

Which element has the smaller critical mass; U-235 that releases 2.5 neutrons per fission, or Pu-239 that releases 2.7 neutrons per fission?

A) U-235
B) Pu-239
C) Both would have the same critical mass.

B) Pu-239 Homework Chapter 34

Which shape uses the smallest amount of material when creating a critical mass?

A) cube
B) elongated box
C) cone
D) sphere

D) sphere Homework Chapter 34

If iron were used as nuclear fuel, it would be best

A) fused.
B) fissioned.
C) neither fused nor fissioned.

neither fused nor fissioned. Homework Chapter 34

Fissioning a lead nucleus yields a net

A) absorption of energy.
B) release of energy.
C) neither absorption nor release of energy

B) release of energy. Homework Chapter 34

Fusing two helium nuclei yields a net

A) absorption of energy.
B) release of energy.
C) neither absorption nor release of energy

B) release of energy. Homework Chapter 34

When U-235 undergoes fission, the two nuclei that result have a total of

A) 90 protons.
B) 91 protons.
C) 92 protons.
D) 93 protons.
E) 94 protons.

C) 92 protons. Homework Chapter 34

Plutonium is not found in any appreciable amounts in natural ore deposits because it

A) is artificially created.
B) is chemically inert.
C) is a gas at room temperature.
D) has a short half-life.

D) has a short half-life. Homework Chapter 34

In gaseous form, at the same temperature, the average speed of U-238 compared to the speed of U-235 is

A) less.
B) more.
C) the same.

A) less. Homework Chapter 34

The most abundant element in the universe is

A) hydrogen.
B) helium.
C) lead.
D) uranium.
E) americanium.

A) hydrogen. Homework Chapter 34

The energy release in both fission and fusion is mainly in the form of

A) kinetic energy of fragments.
B) alpha radiation.
C) beta radiation.
D) gamma radiation.
E) a combination of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.

A) kinetic energy of fragments.