|
Compared to blood capillaries, lymphatic capillaries are _________. |
blind-ended |
|
Which of the following is NOT one of the major cell types of lymphoid tissue? Fibroblasts |
Fibroblasts |
|
The major lymphatic vessel that drains the right lower side of the body is the _____. |
thoracic duct |
|
Which of the following is not a basic function of the lymphatic system? |
regulation of calcium ion concentration in the blood |
|
Fluid found in lymphatic vessels is known as: |
lymph |
|
The right lymphatic duct receives lymph from the: |
right arm |
|
What makes lymphatic vessels similar to the venous circuit of the cardiovascular system? |
Both vessels have valves |
|
An accumulation of excess interstitial fluid is known as: |
edema |
|
What do lacteals, located in the small intestine, collect? |
fat |
|
What best describes lymphatic capillaries? a) two-way circuit to and from the heart |
c) extremely permeable |
|
What is the main role of macrophages in the lymphatic tissues? |
phagocytosis |
|
A sinus infection would most likely cause swelling in what lymph nodes? |
cervical lymph nodes |
|
What region of the lymph node contains many mature B cells? |
Medulla |
|
Where are pathogens filtered from lymph? |
lymph nodes |
|
What is the function of the red pulp of the spleen? |
House macrophages that destroy old erythrocytes |
|
If the thymus shrank and stopped making hormones in a child, we would expect to see a decrease in the number of? a) eosinophils |
T cells |
|
Cell-mediated immunity is to T cells is as antibody mediated immunity is to ____. |
B cells |
|
Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity? a) it is the dominant response after 3 to 5 days |
C) Rapid Response |
|
Surface barriers, such as cutaneous and mucous membranes, serve the immune system as the _____ line of defense. |
First |
|
Which of the following is NOT a surface barrier serving as the first line of defense? a) mucus |
c) antibody |
|
Which lymphoid organ is required for the selection of a functional population of T lymphocytes (T cells) for the immune system? |
Thymus |
|
Fever is initiated by chemicals called _____. |
Pyrogens |
|
Which of the following is NOT one of the cardinal signs of inflammation? a) edema |
c) fever |
|
Which of the following is NOT a phagocytic cell of the immune system? a) neutrophils |
d) basophils |
|
What is NOT a function of macrophages? a) serve as antigen-presenting cells |
c) activate T cells |
|
What cells display portions of the pathogens (antigens) they ingest on their plasma membranes? |
antigen-presenting cells |
|
What organ is responsible for producing most of the plasma proteins known as the complement system? |
Liver |
|
A patient has a high level of pyrogens, indicating that she has a ____. |
fever |
|
What initiates T cell activation? |
Begins with a cell processing and displaying antigen fragments on its MHC molecules. |
|
Activated helper T (Th) Cells or cytotoxic T (Tc) cell clones differentiate into: |
effector cells and memory T cells |
|
What cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunological memory in which the immune response is expedited upon subsequent exposure to an antigen? |
Memory T Cells |
|
Cells that help regulate the immune response are |
Helper T (Th) Cells |
|
Madison wants to give a kidney to her older sister. What type of organ transplant will this be? |
Allograft |
|
Which of the following characteristics of adaptive immunity ensures that vaccination effectively prevents disease? |
Immunological memory |
|
The last step of B cell activation is ____. |
Plasma cells secrete antibodies |
|
Which of the following is NOT one of the ways antibodies work? a) agglutination and precipitation |
b) release cytotoxic granules |
|
Which of the following is NOT a type of vaccine? a) subunit vaccine |
d) live, virulent vaccine |
|
The most prevalent antibody, which is able to cross the placenta is _____. |
IgG |
|
A patient has been potentially exposed to hepatitis A and is receiving human serum antibodies to prevent infection. This is an example of ______. |
passive immunity |
|
Determine the first phase of the antibody-mediated immune response: a) B cell clones recognize it specific antigen |
B cell clones recognize its specific antigen |
|
B cells develop and mature in the ________. |
bone marrow |
|
Immunoglobulins are also known as ___________. |
Antibodies |
|
Activated B cells differentiate into _______ and _______. |
Plasma cells and memory B cells |
|
Which of the following secretes antibodies? a) memory b cells |
plasma cells |
|
Which of the following represents the five basic classes of antibodies? a) IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM |
a) IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM |
|
Which antibody is NOT secreted by B cells in significant amounts? |
IgD |
|
Which of the following is NOT a function of antibodies? a) neutralization |
d) phagocytosis |
|
Vaccinations involve exposure to an antigen to elicit ____________. |
a primary immune response |
|
What cell plays an extensive role in the eradication of bacteria as phagocytes? |
neutrophils |
|
Cancer cells can suppress T cell activity by releasing ________. |
cytokines |
|
What type of cell is activated in lymphatic tissue by macrophages presenting antigens during a viral infection? |
helper T cells |
Share This
Flashcard
