CH 7- Urinary System

bladder

cyst/o

glomerulus

glomerul/o

opening, meatus

opening, meatus

kidney

nephr/o

renal pelvis

pyel/o

urine; urinary tract

ur/o

ureter

ureter/o

urethra

urethr/o

gland

aden/o

bacteria

bacteri/o

nitrogenous compound

azot/o

night

noct/o

Increase of nitrogenous substances, especially urea, in urine

azoturia

Increased formation and secretion of urine

diuresis

Painful or difficult urination, symptomatic of other urinary tract conditions

dysuria

Involuntary discharge of urine after the age by which bladder control should have been established

enuresis

Abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra upon the undersurface of the penis

hypospadias

Elevated level of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood

uremia

Malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children

Wilms tumor

Abnormal condition or presence of calculi

lithiasis

Process of removing toxic substances from the blood when the kidneys dysfunction

dialysis

Any disorder of the kidneys, including inflammatory, degenerative, and sclerotic conditions

nephropathy

Downward displacement of a kidney

nephropexy

Crushing a stone in the bladder

cystolithotripsy

Enlargement of a kidney

nephromegaly

Abnormal condition of kidney stones

nephrolithiasis

Agents used to control edema and stimulate the flow of urine

diuretics

High blood pressure

hypertension

Herniation of the rectum (into the bladder)

rectocele

Tubular space within a structure

lumen

What is the medical term that means act of voiding urine?

a. nocturia
b. micturition
c. oliguria
d. urodynia
e. pyorrhea

b. micturition

Which of the following terms means increased urinary production?

a. oliguria
b. polyuria
c. anuria
d. micturition
e. continence

b. polyuria

The microscopic filtering units responsible for maintaining homeostasis are:

a. calyces
b. nephrons
c. collecting tubules
d. Bowman capsules
e. ureters

b. nephrons

Identify the term that means blood in the urine.

a. diuresis
b. hemoptysis
c. hematuria
d. uremia
e. uricosurics

c. hematuria

A dx of adenodynia means there is pain in:

a. the intestines
b. the stomach
c. a gland
d. the pelvic area
e. the gallbladder

c. a gland

What are the agents that promote secretion of urine called?

a. uremics
b. antidiuretics
c. diaphoretics
d. uricosurics
e. diuretics

e. diuretics

When urotoxin is suspected, it means there is a poisonous substance in the:

a. ureter
b. urethra
c. urine
d. both A and B
e. all of the above

c. urine

The funnel-shaped reservoir that is the basin of the kidney is the:

a. renal pelvis
b. calyces
c. urethra
d. nephron
e. bladder

a. renal pelvis

The abbreviation UTI refers to:

a. urethral toxic infection
b. ureter total inflammation
c. urinary tract incontinence
d. urinary tract infection
e. ureter tubal infection

d. urinary tract infection

A suprarenal tumor is located:

a. within the kidney
b. under the kidney
c. upon the kidney
d. within the bladder
e. upon the bladder

c. upon the kidney

Painful urination is known as:

a. anuria
b. polyuria
c. dysuria
d. nocturia
e. hematuria

c. dysuria

Identify the term that means increase in nitrogenous compounds in the blood.

a. azotemia
b. polyuria
c. enuresis
d. dysuria
e. oliguria

a. azotemia

What is the small tubular structure that drains urine from the bladder?

a. ureter
b. urethra
c. renal pelvis
d. calyx
e. meatus

b. urethra

The urinary tract is composed of the:

a. vagina, urethra, and bladder
b. ureters, bladder, and cervix
c. kidneys, ureters, and bladder
d. prostate, bladder, and urethra
e. kidneys, colon, and bladder

c. kidneys, ureters, and bladder

Which of the following sets of terms have the same meaning?

a. cystitis—pyelitis
b. urethrodynia—urethralgia
c. oliguria—anuria
d. nephritis—nephroptosis
e. leukocyte—leukorrhea

b. urethrodynia—urethralgia

Urinary incontinence, such as bedwetting, is called:

a. enuresis
b. diuresis
c. oliguria
d. hemoptysis
e. hyperuricemia

a. enuresis

What is the congenital opening of the urethra upon the undersurface of the penis?

a. phimosis
b. epididymitis
c. uremia
d. cryptorchidism
e. hypospadias

e. hypospadias

What is the term that means uncontrolled loss of urine from the bladder?

a. continence
b. incontinence
c. urination
d. nocturia
e. anuria

b. incontinence

Cystectomy is the surgical procedure for:

a. an incision into the bladder
b. excision of the bladder
c. incision into the kidney
d. excision of the kidney
e. creation of a new opening in the kidney

b. excision of the bladder

A patient with a calculus in the ureter would most likely experience:

a. ureterodynia
b. nocturia
c. polyuria
d. cystitis
e. homeostasis

a. ureterodynia

An inability to control urination is called:

a. anuria
b. enuresis
c. frequency
d. polyuria
e. dysuria

b. enuresis

The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the:

a. urethra
b. bladder
c. renal pelvis
d. renal artery
e. meatus

b. bladder

What surgical procedure involves crushing a stone or calculus?

a. lithotomy
b. lithotripsy
c. lithectomy
d. lithiasis
e. lithoscope

b. lithotripsy

Obstruction causing the cessation of urine flow may result in the condition of:

a. hydronephrosis
b. pyorrhea
c. hematuria
d. diuresis
e. hypospadias

a. hydronephrosis

What is the nuclear procedure that utilizes a radioactive substance to produce images of the kidney’s structure and function?

a. KUB
b. CT scan
c. BUN
d. renal scan
e. IVU

d. renal scan

The outer layer of the kidney is called the:

a. renal cortex
b. renal medulla
c. trigone
d. renal tubule
e. nephron

a. renal cortex

Combining form py/o means:

a. pus
b. fever
c. hidden
d. heat
e. renal pelvis

a. pus

Which of the following is mismatched?

a. oliguria—decrease in urine volume
b. diuresis—painful urination
c. polyuria—increase in urine flow
d. anuria—complete absence of urine flow
e. hematuria—blood in the urine

b. diuresis—painful urination

Combining form vesic/o means:

a. seminal vesicle
b. vas deferens
c. vessels
d. bladder
e. prepuce

d. bladder

Abbreviation ESWL is associated with:

a. circulatory collapse
b. severe hypotension
c. hemorrhage
d. dehydration
e. nephrolithiasis

e. nephrolithiasis

Some wastes filtered from the blood by kidneys are:

a. chyle
b. diuretics
c. carbon dioxide
d. nitrogenous products
e. chyme

d. nitrogenous products

Wilms tumor is a:

a. malignant tumor of the kidney, usually occurring in children
b. malignant tumor of prostate associated with aging process
c. nonmalignant tumor resulting from kidney stones
d. nonmalignant tumor present at birth
e. malignant tumor of the bladder

a. malignant tumor of the kidney, usually occurring in children

What is the imaging procedure that determines renal function by analyzing a radioactive IV injection?

a. intervenous pyelogram
b. CT kidneys
c. renogram
d. renal scan
e. electromyogram

d. renal scan

What is the surgical procedure to correct a prolapsed kidney?

a. nephroptosis
b. nephrodesis
c. nephrotomy
d. nephropexy
e. nephrostomy

d. nephropexy

Which of the following describes nephrorrhaphy?

a. hemorrhage in the kidney
b. a stone present in the kidney
c. an inflammation of the kidney
d. a prolapse of the kidney
e. suturing of the kidney

e. suturing of the kidney

Identify the urinary structure that expels urine from the body.

a. renal tubule
b. ureter
c. renal pelvis
d. calyx
e. urethra

e. urethra

What surgical procedure is a fixation of a floating kidney?

a. nephrorrhaphy
b. nephropexy
c. nephroptosis
d. nephrolithiasis
e. nephrolithotomy

b. nephropexy

Ureteroliths may result in all of the following EXCEPT:

a. ureteralgia
b. ureterectasis
c. ureterodynia
d. ureteromegaly
e. proctalgia

e. proctalgia

What is the laboratory test that measures the amount of urea (nitrogenous waste product) in the blood?

a. IVP
b. RP
c. BUN
d. VCU
e. KUB

c. BUN

Identify the meaning of nephrolithotomy.

a. hardening of a stone
b. removal of the urinary bladder and a calculus
c. removal of the kidney and stones
d. incision to remove a renal calculus
e. A and B

d. incision to remove a renal calculus

Herniation of the urethra is known as:

a. rectocele
b. ureterocele
c. pyelopathy
d. urethrocele
e. nephritis

d. urethrocele

The instrument used to inspect the urinary bladder is a:

a. cystotome
b. cystitis
c. cystoscope
d. cystectomy
e. cystostomy

c. cystoscope

Excessive accumulation of fluid within body tissues is called:

a. diuretic
b. lithiasis
c. cystitis
d. edema
e. hematuria

d. edema

What is the abbreviation for intravenous pyelography?

a. IP
b. INP
c. IPG
d. IVPG
e. IVP

e. IVP

The medical word for scanty urinary output is:

a. icturia
b. oliguria
c. uremia
d. hematuria
e. polyuria

b. oliguria