Abnormal Psychology Final- Chapter 19

A forensic psychologist would be likely to do all of the following EXCEPT:

write legislation to regulate the practice of psychology in the courts

If a court decides that a defendant is mentally unstable, the defendant will:

not be punished in the usual way

Defendants who are judged mentally unstable at the time when they are said to have committed the crimes, are MOST likely to:

be judged not guilty by reason of insanity

Which of the following people would never have to stand trial for a crime he or she might have committed?

one judged not guilty by reason of insanity

Who makes the final decision as to whether a person may be tried by the judicial system?

the courts

A man killed a stranger in a fit of rage when he heard voices telling him that the stranger was about to destroy the Earth and must be stopped. The killer is likely to be sent to a mental institution because:

he was mentally unstable at the time of the crime

If someone is interested in pursuing a career in a field that combined mental health and the legal and judicial systems, you should direct that person toward:

forensic psychology

In using the insanity plea, the burden of proof to prove insanity rests with the:

defendant

"I’m sorry I did that. I didn’t know it was wrong," is MOST consistent with the:

M’Naghten rule

The Durham test judges a person NOT to be criminally responsible if he or she has acted:

under the influence of a mental disease or mental defect

"I can’t help myself. I had to do it," would likely be a successful insanity defense:

in fewer than half of the states in the United States

The burden of proof in an insanity case is usually:

on the defense attorneys to prove the defendant is insan

If a man walked in on his wife in bed with his best friend and killed both of them in a "fit of passion," that man may be eligible for an insanity defense under the:

irresistable impulse test

Which of the following cases caused the uproar and outrage that led to a return to the M’Naghten rule in determining insanity?

John Hinckley’s attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan

Which of the following people is MOST likely to be acquitted by reason of insanity?

a white American with schizophrenia

The MOST common diagnosis of those found not guilty by reason of insanity is:

schizophrenia

About what percentage of defendants in the United States are found not guilty by reason of insanity in a typical year?

0.25 percent

Currently in the United States, patients who are criminally committed to a mental hospital can be released:

when they are no longer considered insane

The legal system and the scientific community generally see __________ as fundamentally different

the degree of free will people have regarding their behavior

You are a forensic psychologist testifying about the sanity of someone. The question that is hardest for you to be sure of answering correctly is:

Was the defendant sane at the time of the crime?

In the case of Foucha v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court ruled that the only acceptable basis for determining the release of hospitalized offenders is whether they are still:

insane

What can a person who is found to be guilty but also mentally ill expect?

a prison term with the recommendation for treatment

In which of the following defenses is mental instability considered an extenuating circumstance in a crime?

guilty with diminished capacity

Many states have a category of "mentally disordered sex offenders," which assigns moral responsibility to the offender. This category, which is related to the insanity defense, is based on the premise that:

sexual offenses, such as pedophilia, reflect an underlying mental disorder

One difficulty with the mentally disordered sex offender classification is that:

racial bias appears to affect who is given this classification

A person who is accused of a crime cannot be convicted if he or she is mentally unstable either at the time of the crime or at the time of the trial. This minimum standard of competence to stand trial is important to ensure that the person:

understand the charges and can work with his or her lawyer

When nonwhite defendants, compared to white defendants, are evaluated for competence to stand trial:

nonwhite defendants are more likely to be found incompetent to stand trial

According to studies regarding pscyhological disorders and prisoners, which statement is MOST accurate?

Psychological disorders are more common in prison populations than in the general population

A person who had a serious mental illness and was in need of treatment could, nevertheless, not be civilly committed unless that person was also:

a danger either to themselves or to others

The aspect of state responsibility that promotes and protects the interests of individuals from dangerous people is called:

police power

Parens patriae refers to the state’s right to make decisions that are in the individual’s best interest, and to the idea that police power gives the state the right to protect society from harm. These two principles have been used to support:

the process of involuntary commitment

In Addington v. Texas, a young man fought being involuntarily committed, arguing that the standard for showing that a person is mentally ill was unclear and unfair. As a result, the standard for committing a person was revised to:

"clear and convincing" proof that the individual is mentally ill

For a person to be involuntarily committed, the mental health professional must provide clear and convincing proof of mental illness:

with 75 percent certainty

In an emergency, if a person is clearly suicidal or homicidal because of hallucinations and delusions, that person can be involuntarily committed by:

two physicians

Temporary commitment in an emergency situation is possible if:

two physicians certify it (the two-physician certificates, "2 PCs")

What is the basis for making a 2-PC determination to commit on an emergency basis?

The patient must be a danger to himself or herself, or others

What proportion of mental patients assault another patient during hospitalization?

25 percent

Which of the following statements MOST accurately reflects current trends in civil commitment?

During the 1960s and 1970s, involuntary commitment regulations and standards were made stricter

In the case of Wyatt v. Stickney, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that people who have been involuntarily committed have a right to:

treatment

In recent years, public advocates for those with mental disorders have turned their attention to the rights of _______ to receive treatment

mental patients in the community

The recent cases that have increased the patient’s right to refuse treatment have focused largely on the right to refuse:

biological treatments

If a patient is assigned to a community mental health center inpatient facility instead of a mental hospital, the decision makers are applying the principle of:

least restrictive environment

A group home is an example of:

community residence

The issue underlying the dispute between psychiatrists and psychologists about prescription-prescribing privileges is:

professional boundary issues

In the past 20 years or so, how has the authority of psychologists and psychiatrists to make decisions about things such as admitting patients and prescribing medication changed?

Psychologists have been granted some authority previously held only by psychiatrists

A defendant is considering hiring a psychologist to help select a "friendly" jury for an upcoming trial. Research has shown that:

it is not clear whether a psychologist’s judgment is more valid or accurate

Research indicates that eyewitness testimony is:

impaired by events of the crime

Which of the following is the MOST accurate statement regarding the relationship between eyewitness testimony and how it is used in the legal system?

Confident witnesses are more likely to be believed, but are probably no more accurate

You are watching a TV show in which police call in an expert to give them a psychological profile of the murderer, whose identity is unknown. If the show reflects reality, the profile given will be:

somewhat accurate; there are several characteristics that murderers often have in common

All of the following are characteristics of a serial murderer EXCEPT:

They have empathy for their victims

Imagine that you are a therapist working on the border between the United States and Mexico but don’t speak Spanish. What is proper ethical behavior for you?

acknowledge your limitations and seek further training

A psychologist wanted to accept a client with whom he had previously had a sexual relationship. According to ethical guidelines, the psychologist:

couldn’t see the patient

If you are the typical therapist, you:

have been sexually attracted to a client but not had a sexual relationship with a client

Which of the following principles is MOST likely to result in a conflict with the mental health professional’s obligation to maintain confidentiality for the patient?

the duty to protect

Psychologists are ethically bound to keep material about their patients confidential EXCEPT:

when someone is in danger

If a therapist has a client who is threatening to kill another person, the therapist must inform that other person because of the ethical principle of:

duty to protect

Which of the following is MOST likely to impact job performance in terms of accidents, damage, and absenteeism?

substance-related disorders

A man is having trouble coping with his financial problems and is getting depressed about them. He seeks out someone at his company who helps by counseling employees on such issues and tries to address problems before they get worse. He is seeking help from:

an employee assistance program

Today, the cost of direct mental health services is MOSTLY paid by:

the government

A therapist who is worried that her clients will receive short-term care rather than more promising long-term treatment, and that confidential treatment reports will be read by others, is concerned about:

managed care programs

Which of the following has the goal of reducing the cost of mental health services?

managed care

The rise of managed care programs for treating mental disorders has resulted in:

a preference for short-term rather than long-term improvement

Which of the following is the BEST way to describe the growth of social media use in the past five years?

spectacular

Generally speaking, social network users:

have close relationships and support from others

Which of the following do NOT belong together in terms of Internet use and potential behavioral disorders?

e-mail use and depression

Currently, which of the following is the BEST conclusion one can draw about cybertherapy?

There aren’t enough controlled studies to fully assess cybertherapy’s impact

You are treating another therapist for a disorder. What is the therapist you are treating MOST likely to exhibit?

depression or anxiety

Members of "Mad Pride" try to:

reduce the stigmata of mental illness

All of the following are examples of ways in which social institutions limit a person’s mental health care EXCEPT:

legal protection of patients’ rights and confidentiality