Unit Seven

Which of the following is NOT a reason why STIs spread so quickly?
A.
Many people with STIs are asymptomatic.
B.
Negative stigmas prevent people from seeking help.
C.
Protection used during sex usually fails.
D.
Many people have a false sense of invulnerability.

C

Name the steps one should take after testing positive for an STI.

Seeking medical treatment, completing the full course of medications, getting follow-up tests, avoiding all sexual activity while being treated, and notifying all past sexual partners are the steps one should take after testing positive for an STI

When it comes to transmitting STIs, it is not important how many sexual partners you have had, as long as the sex was protected.

False

Some STIs can be transmitted through a handshake.

False

Why can’t most STIs be transmitted through casual contact with people or contaminated objects?

Most germs that cause STIs die quickly once they have left the human body. Objects like eating utensils, toilet seats, and swimming pools are generally safe under usual circumstances

Name three practices proven to be effective in lowering the risk of becoming infected with an STI.

Abstinence, monogamy, regular testing for infection, avoiding drugs and alcohol, waiting until an older age to become sexually active, using protection, and open communication with partners are all practices proven to be effective in lowering the risk of becoming infected with an STI

Which of the following is effective protection against STIs?
A.
hormone shots
B.
birth control pills
C.
latex condoms
D.
antibiotic gels

C

Name two resources for coping available to a person infected with an STI.

In addition to general practitioners, family, and friends, there are clinics, charities, and agencies that specialize in providing counseling for individuals with STIs

An STI can be transmitted through any type of sexual contact, not just intercourse.

True

Why is drinking alcohol considered a high-risk behavior in contracting an STI?

Alcohol intoxication can affect a person’s decision-making ability and lower inhibitions. These factors put one at greater risk of engaging in high-risk sexual encounters, which, in turn, may lead to sexually transmitted infections

Name three STIs that can be life-threatening or lead to life-threatening illnesses.

Gonorrhea, syphilis, human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be life-threatening or lead to life-threatening illnesses

Which bacterial STI can attack vital organs in its final stage?
A.
chlamydia
B.
gonorrhea
C.
syphilis
D.
none of the above

C

Educating students about STIs is optional for schools in all US states.

False

Explain why HIV is a life-threatening STI.

HIV has no cure. Medications can only prolong life and treat infections. The virus weakens the immune system and in time becomes AIDS, at which time it is very difficult for the body to fight off diseases and certain cancers

Which of the following is NOT a reason a woman needs to be tested for STIs during pregnancy?
A.
to protect the baby during birth
B.
to start treatment as early as possible
C.
to reduce risk to the fetus through medication
D.
to protect her partner from transmission

D

Counseling has proven to be effective in reducing the number of individuals that become infected with STIs.

True

If you think you may have an STI and would like to get more information, where can you learn more about STIs? Name at least three resources.

Places that provide various resouces about STIs can include schools, county health agencies, health clinics, online health sites, and private doctors’ offices

Which of the following is commonly affected by STIs?
A.
heart
B.
lungs
C.
brain
D.
kidneys

C

How many known STIs exist today?
A.
less than 5
B.
less than 10
C.
less than 20
D.
more than 20

D

The only place you can seek treatment for an STI is at a private doctor’s office.

False

If a teen boy is sexually active and thinks he may have been exposed to HIV, what is the most effective way of handling the situation?

He should be tested for the virus. However, a test is not effective until six weeks or more after exposure. If he knows when he may have been exposed, he should get tested six weeks after the exposure date.

When does AIDS occur? What are some of the common signs that the infection has progressed to AIDS?

After HIV has caused such a reduction in immune cells that the body can no longer fight off illness, a person will be diagnosed with AIDS. Common signs of AIDS are opportunistic infections, such as Kaposi’s sarcoma, pneumonia, candida, and eye infections. Severe weight loss, brain tumors, night sweats, chronic diarrhea, swollen lymph nodes, severe shaking from chills, and high fever are also some of the most common symptoms

How can HIV/AIDS be transmitted from one person to another without having any form of sexual contact, and why?

Blood contains the highest concentrations of the virus, so medical procedures involving blood, like blood transfusions, can transmit the virus; however, this is rare in the US. Getting a tattoo or a piercing can also transmit the virus if the needles are not properly cleaned; this is also very rare. Sharing needles for intravenous drugs will transmit the virus. Since breast milk also contains the virus, a mother can pass the virus to a nursing baby. She can also transmit the virus during pregnancy or during birth. Medications are available to lessen the chances of this kind of transmission happening.

Can a person be exposed to HIV by kissing the cheek of an infected person?
A.
yes, because there may be sweat on the infected person’s cheek
B.
no, because the virus can only be transmitted through blood
C.
no, because sweat does not contain the virus
D.
yes, because any physical contact can transmit the virus

C

What are CD4+ cells?
A.
HIV treatment cells
B.
T cell helpers that are destroyed by HIV.
C.
an experimental AIDS vaccine
D.
opportunistic cells that destroy the immune system

B

Which of the following is NOT a common opportunistic infection?
A.
pneumonia
B.
Kaposi’s sarcoma
C.
candida
D.
gout

D

A person infected with HIV/AIDS is generally too sick to ever lead a normal life again.

False

What is the body’s initial reaction to the HIV virus?

The body tries to fight the virus by creating special antibodies that target the virus

What is used to treat HIV/AIDS?
A.
antiretroviral medications
B.
chemotherapy
C.
blood transfusions
D.
antibiotics

A

When does treatment of HIV typically begin?

Treatment is dependent upon the progression of the disease. Current US guidelines recommend that HIV treatment begin when CD4+ cell count is between 350 and 500. Treatment will also begin when opportunistic diseases begin to develop

Describe two techniques a noninfected person can use in order to live with an HIV positive spouse.

There are not that many differences between living with a person who is HIV positive and living with someone who isn’t. A couple examples include practicing good hygiene and properly cleaning and bandaging any blood-producing injuries. Intimate contact, such as sexual intercourse, should be avoided or at the very least be protected

Why is it important to notify past partners if you get a positive result from an HIV test?

A person needs to notify past partners so they can be tested as soon as possible. Not notifying partners can allow the virus to spread to others and create health complications if it’s not detected and treated as soon as possible

Despite the relatively new nature of HIV/AIDS, there are laws in place to protect those that are infected.

True

Why should someone who is in a monogamous, long-term relationship be tested regularly for HIV infection?

There’s always a chance that a partner could engage in risky behaviors, such as sleeping with an infected person or sharing needles when taking drugs. Regular testing is necessary because the earlier infection is detected, the earlier treatment can begin and possibly extend the amount of time of survival

People suffering from HIV are more susceptible to common infections.

True

HIV is thought have originated by __________.
A.
apes passing the disease to hunters
B.
early explorers traveling in jungles
C.
people drinking contaminated water
D.
mutations in the gene pool

A

Name two global organizations that are addressing the HIV/AIDS pandemic in the world.

There are many global organizations that are addressing the pandemic. The World Health Organization, the United Nations, UNICEF, and the USAID have all created programs specifically to address the problems resulting from HIV/AIDS

The first case of HIV in the US was reported in 1924.

False

List two reasons why HIV/AIDS continues to spread so rapidly across the world.

There are a many reasons why HIV/AIDS continues to spread across the world. Treatment options for the virus are still relatively new and prone to failure. An institutionalized stigma against people with the virus encourages them to remain silent about their status. People’s personal behavior, such has having unprotected sex and sharing needles, continues to propagate the virus. Also, there is a lack of education that would allow people to recognize and avoid dangerous situations

HIV/AIDS is considered a pandemic.

True