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According to Jung, the collective unconscious contains _____. archetypes the id positive regard self-actualization |
archetypes |
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According to Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory, the behavioral inhibition system is _____. sensitive to punishments in the environment predisposes one to feelings of positive emotion underlies the trait of extraversion sensitive to rewards |
sensitive to punishments in the environment |
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According to Dan McAdams, our _____ are our identities. unconscious urges genetic predispositions life stories conditions of worth |
life stories |
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Face validity refers to whether _____. two examiners will agree about a person’s personality traits the content of test items appears to be a good indicator of personality traits the personality test will predict behavior outside the test situation the person is giving answers to try to look better |
the content of test items appears to be a good indicator of personality traits |
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Mischel nearly derailed the scientific study of personality by challenging the assumption that personality traits are _____. consistent consciously expressed masculine |
consistent |
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Dr. Crane is looking for a test that he can use to understand more about his clients’ unconscious motivations. He would be very likely to use a(n) _____. self-report measure objective measure projective measure observational measure |
projective measure |
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Shawn graduated from college with honors and approaches most aspects of life with the expectation that he will be successful. He expects a great deal of himself and sets his goals high. After his interview for a job in the most prestigious company in his state, he was convinced that he would get the job. You could say that he _____. has a strong external locus of control displays low self-efficacy has a strong tendency to be conceited displays high self-efficacy |
displays high self-efficacy |
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Brittney is a counselor who believes that her clients have the innate ability to make good choices. She accepts each individual as they are and as a person in the process of change. It is important to her that her clients learn to evaluate themselves and not depend on the opinion of others. Brittney is practicing _____. trait exploration psychoanalytic counseling social cognitive counseling humanistic counseling |
humanistic counseling |
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Which of the following neurotransmitters is associated with neuroticism? Dopamine Serotonin Acetylcholine GABA |
Serotonin |
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Mischel developed his CAPS theory in part through research in which domain? Psychoanalysis Self-actualization Life stories Delayed gratification |
Delayed gratification |
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The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is an example of _____ test of personality. a lexical an observational a projective an empirically keyed |
an empirically keyed |
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What has behavioral genetic research found in the domain of autobiographical memory? Among twins reared in different households, memories of early life were very different Among twins reared in different households, memories of early life were quite similar The genetic overlap of identical twins reared apart had no effect on memories Early autobiographical memories are determined entirely by experiences, and not by genetics |
Among twins reared in different households, memories of early life were quite similar |
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Which of the following is NOT a method proposed by Rogers to develop a more positive self-concept? Unconditional positive regard Empathy Genuineness Defense mechanisms |
Defense mechanisms |
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Gordon Allport believed that healthy, well-adjusted individuals _____. show a positive but objective sense of self and others, and have a sense of humor, common sense, and a unifying philosophy of life use their innate strengths to fulfill their conscious and unconscious instincts for pleasure, and focus primarily on subjective reality to determine their own sense of truth have achieved self-actualization, are truthful, work for the common good, and believe in social justice do not use defense mechanisms, are logical, independent, and financially successful |
show a positive but objective sense of self and others, and have a sense of humor, common sense, and a unifying philosophy of life |
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Results of cross-cultural and animal studies on the big five model of personality _____. fail to support the fundamental predictions of the big five model are mixed in that cross-cultural studies support the big five model but animal studies do not are mixed in that animal studies support the big five mode, but cross-cultural studies do not support the fundamental predictions of the big five model |
support the fundamental predictions of the big five model |
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Freud believed that the prime motive in human existence is _____, Karen Horney believed that the prime motive in human existence is _____. security / sex sex / security self-actualization / unconditional positive regard sex / self-actualization |
sex / security |
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According to Eysenck’s theory, introversion and extraversion are characteristic patterns of behavior that _____. are shaped through behaviorism aim to regulate arousal around baseline should be measured using projective tests determine a person’s sense of unconditional positive regard |
aim to regulate arousal around baseline |
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Freud considered _____ to be the primary motivating force of human behavior. the conscious the unconscious rewards and punishments self-actualization |
the unconscious |
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You are a personality researcher and want to continue after the tradition of Henry Murray. This means you will be more interested in _____. the whole person rather than specific traits sexual fantasies rather than overt behaviors overt behaviors rather than personal diaries personality traits rather than self report questionnaires |
the whole person rather than specific traits |
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Which statement best describes the relationship between neuroticism and emotion? Neuroticism is a personality trait and therefore not related to emotional experience. Neuroticism is related to feeling more positive emotion. Neuroticism is related to feeling more negative emotion. Neuroticism is related to extreme emotions, both positive and negative. |
Neuroticism is related to feeling more negative emotion. |
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