PSYC 2301Chapter 9

You are a psychologist working with a new client, an immigrant from China, who is experiencing adjustment problems due to stress. Which of the following are you first going to consider when assessing your client’s ability to cope?

A) ability to use biofeedback equipment
B) psychological defense mechanisms
C) meditative strategies
D) cultural background

D. Cultural background

Membership in a religious organization and regular attendance at religious functions ________________.

A) will definitely extend one’s life expectancy
B) can be a vital part of a person’s social support system
C) are a psychological defense mechanism
D) promote one’s cognitive abilities

B. Can be a vital part of a person’s social support system

Which individual has the highest risk for developing anorexia nervosa?

A) a lower-class 26-year-old European man
B) an upper-class 16-year-old American boy
C) an upper-class 16-year-old American girl
D) a lower-class 26-year-old European woman

C. an upper-class 16-year-old American girl

Ken wants to go to law school because he believes being a lawyer will bring him prestige and a good income. However, he is not sure he should attend because he is very concerned about the hard work law school will involve and the money it will cost. Ken is faced with a(n) ______ conflict.

A) approach-approach
B) avoidance-avoidance
C) approach-avoidance
D) double approach-avoidance

C. Approach-avoidance

Which of the following statements best encapsulates the relationship between stress and physical illness according to psychoneuroimmunologists?

A) Stress causes high blood pressure, heart disease, and cancer.
B) Stress compromises the body’s immune system, leaving a person vulnerable to illness.
C) Stress increases the production of natural killer cells, which causes cell death and leads to illness.
D) Stress has no direct relationship to physical illness, though physicians tell us that these things are related
so that we will be more willing to take unnecessary medications.

B. Stress compromises the body’s immune system, leaving a person vulnerable to illness

Which of the following life events is not found in the list of major life events that cause a significant amount of stress according to the social readjustment rating scale (SRRS)?

A) All of the above are found on the SRRS.
B) going on vacation
C) marriage
D) pregnancy

A. All of the above are found on the SRRS

Which of the following is correct concerning the interaction of culture and food?

A) There were no differences in the eating habits of American and Japanese men and women.
B) American women eat when they are depressed whereas Japanese women eat because of social demands.
C) American men and women both eat to reduce depression whereas Japanese men and women eat to reduce
anger.
D) Japanese men ate more than both American men and women.

B. American woman eat when they are depressed whereas Japanese women eat because of social demands

Seira is very pleasant and likes to keep the peace. She finds it difficult to express emotions and internalizes her anger. She has few friends and spends a lot of time alone. According to research, Seira ________.

A) is at high risk for coronary heart disease
B) is a Type B personality
C) is a hardy personality
D) is a Type C personality

D. is a Type C personality

Sexual problems that result from psychological causes are referred to as _________.

A) stress-induced dysfunctions
B) GOPs (gonad operative problems)
C) cortical erectile difficulties
D) organic dysfunctions

A. Stress-induced dysfunctions

A person who is ambitious, time conscious, extremely hardworking, easily annoyed, and tends to have high levels of hostility and anger is said to be exhibiting a ______ personality.

A) Type A
B) Type S
C) Type B
D. Type C

A. Type A

Kirima has her doctorate in health psychology. Which of the following research questions might she be most likely to investigate?

A) Are men or women better drivers?
B) Why are college students more prone to doing drugs when they take harder classes?
C) What is the relationship between one’s ethnicity and their political affiliation?
D) What is the relationship between a person’s age and the number of years it takes them to get an
undergraduate degree?

B. Why are college students more prone to doing drugs when they take harder classes?

Pepe moved from Argentina to France. He chose not to learn to speak and write French, continues to maintain his old culture’s styles of dress and customs, and lives in a neighborhood where only people from Argentina live. Pepe has used which method of entering the majority culture?

A) marginalization
B) assimilation
C) integration
D) separation

D. Separation

The coping method that involves changing the way you feel or emotionally react to a stressor is known as _________.

A) a defense mechanism
B) self-focused coping
C) problem-focused coping
D) emotion-focused coping

D. Emotion-focused coping

Joey put a quarter in the gumball machine only to find that the machine was not working. He continued to turn the dial on the machine in the hope that he would retrieve a gumball. Joey’s behavior is called ____________.

A) increasing efforts
B) persistence
C) varying efforts
D) aggression

B. Persistence

Coping with stress in the Vietnamese culture typically includes which of the following?

A) eating certain foods
B) using biofeedback
C) exercising
D) engaging in a hobby

A. Eating certain foods

Which of the following methods of acculturation will most likely result in the highest degree of acculturative stress?

A) completely adopting the values and customs of the new culture
B) developing a new set of values that is a compromise between the old and the new cultures
C) living a life that does not depend on adopting any set of values and customs
D) rejecting the majority culture’s ways and maintaining one’s original cultural identity

D. Rejecting the majority culture’s ways and maintaining one’s original cultural identity

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding Berkowitz’s frustration-aggression hypothesis?

A) Aggression will not follow frustration unless certain external cues are present.
B) Frustration always leads to aggression.
C) Frustration creates an internal readiness to aggress.
D) Frustration does not always lead to aggression.

B. Frustration always leads to aggression

Bettina is 6 feet tall and desires to become a ballerina. Unfortunately, she is having difficulty being accepted into a ballet troupe because of her height. Bettina is experiencing __________.

A) internal conflict
B) external frustration
C) internal frustration
D) external conflict

C. Internal frustration

Events that cause a stress reaction are referred to as _____________.

A) eustresses
B) catastrophies
C) hassles
D) stressors

D. Stressors

Which of the following statements is NOT true about hassles at different developmental stages?

A) For children ages 3 to 5, the biggest hassle is getting teased.
B) Younger adults are more strongly affected by hassles such as going shopping, doctor’s appointments, and bad
weather than are elderly people.
C) Youth 11 to 15 years old report feeling pressure to use drugs.
D) Elderly people are more strongly affected by hassles such as going shopping, doctor’s appointments, and
bad weather than are children and younger adults.

B. Younger adults are more strongly affected by hassles such as going shopping, doctor’s appointments, and bad weather than are elderly people.

An eating disorder characterized by eating binges followed by self-induced vomiting is called ________.
A) leptin reduction
B) bulimia
C) hormone under secretion
D) anorexia nervosa

B. Bulimia

Linda’s house was flooded in a hurricane. Upon losing her home, she had nightmares, disturbed sleep, and anxiety that lasted about two weeks. Linda most likely suffered from ______________.

A) catastrophic stress
B) acute stress disorder
C) external locus of control
D) post-traumatic stress disorder

B. Acute stress disorder

Edgar is learning deep-breathing techniques to reduce anxiety about having been robbed at knifepoint. This is an example of__________________.
A) avoidance
B) emotion-focused coping
C) problem-focused coping
D) reappraisal

B. Emotion-focused coping

Which of the following major life events on the College Undergraduate Stress Scale has the highest number of life change units?

A) being raped
B) death of a close friend
C) falling asleep in class
D) getting straight As

A. Being raped

In a(n) __________conflict, a person must choose between two desirable goals.

A) avoidance-avoidance
B) double approach-avoidance
C) approach-approach
D) approach-avoidance

C. Approach-approach

Which of the following methods of acculturation will most likely result in the lowest degree of acculturative stress?

A) living a life that does not depend on adopting any set of values and customs
B) developing a new set of values that is a compromise between the old and the new cultures
C) rejecting the majority culture’s ways and maintaining one’s original cultural identity
D) completely adopting the values and customs of the new culture

B. Developing a new set of values that is a compromise between the old and the new cultures

For someone who likes both movies and concerts, choosing between going to one or the other represents an ______ conflict.

A) incompatible demands
B) approach-avoidance
C) approach-approach
D) avoidance-avoidance

C. Approach-approach

According to Holmes and Rahe, a person who scores over 300 on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale is more likely than are people with lower scores to have what kind of experience in the near future?

A) a divorce
B) commission of a crime
C) a higher chance of becoming ill or having an accident
D) more frequent changes of job

C. A higher chance of becoming ill or having an accident

Min-Jee is currently very concerned about a recent increase in fighting among her family members. When talking with her therapist, she notes that this has been her biggest concern lately. According to the research into the severity of different hassles, which of the following statements is probably true about Min-Jee’s age?

A) Min-Jee is an adolescent
B) Min-Jee is elderly
C) Min-Jee is an adult
D) Min-Jee is 4 years old

C. Min-Jee is an adult

Which individual is most likely to experience acculturative stress?

A) Mary who is switching jobs from manufacturing to the service industry
B) Min-Shek who is leaving home for the first time to attend the state college 100 miles
away
C) Oladipo who has moved from Nigeria to the United States
D) Joie who has moved from New York to Boston

C. Oladipo who has moved from Nigeria to the United States

Adelaide hears a rattling sound as she hikes through the desert. Her muscles tense and her blood pressure rises. According to Hans Selye, she is in the___________.

A) resistance phase
B) alarm phase
C) chronic stress phase
D) exhaustion phase

B. Alarm phase

People who are depressed and may be suicidal often suffer from_____, a condition in which the person has lost the ability to experience pleasure.

A) learned helplessness
B) irritability
C) neural numbness
D) anhedonia

D. Anhedonia

A sexual ___________ is a problem with sexual functioning, or the actual physical workings of the sex act.

A) deviation
B) dysfunction
C) shortcoming
D) malapropism

B. Dysfunction

Research on the effects of stress on the immune system suggests which of the following?

A) Only certain types of stressors affect the immune system.
B) The immune system is not affected by stress.
C) Suppression of immune system functioning by stress can apparently continue even after the stress itself is over.
D) Suppression of immune system functioning by stress always ends immediately after the stressful period
ends.

C. Suppression of immune system functioning by stress can apparently continue even after the stress itself is over

Iram made a New Year’s resolution to promote wellness in his life. Which of the following are ways in which he can begin to incorporate wellness into his life?

A) exercise regularly
B) take on more responsibility at work
C) spend more time alone
D) eat fatty foods

A. Exercise regularly

Jenny has an intense interest in food but eats sparingly and with disgust. She has an intense fear of becoming obese, and even though she looks emaciated, she still claims she "feels fat" and refuses to eat enough to maintain even a minimal normal body weight for her frame. She is most likely suffering from __________.

A) leptin reduction
B) hormone under secretion
C) anorexia nervosa
D) bulimia

C. Anorexia nerviosa

What is the correct sequence of stages in the general adaptation syndrome?

A) alarm, resistance, exhaustion
B) exhaustion, resistance, alarm
C) resistance, alarm, exhaustion
D) alarm, exhaustion, resistance

A. Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

According to Hans Selye, resistance to stress is lowest at the _____________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

A) exhaustion
B) alarm
C) resistance
D) collapse

A. Exhaustion

Which of the following traits is associated with people who live to be very old?

A) inflexibility
B) aggressiveness
C) tenseness
D) being easygoing

D. Being easygoing

Vanna’s mother is ill and Vanna is feeling overwhelmed and sad. To cope with this stress of her mother’s illness, Vanna has been writing her feelings down in a journal. Vanna is using ___________.

A) emotion-focused coping
B) reappraisal
C) problem-focused coping
D) distraction

A. Emotion-focused coping

For the past six months, Dahlia’s job has been extremely stressful, but she doesn’t feel that she can quit because she needs the money for tuition. Dahlia has been having chronic headaches and is behind in all of her classes. According to Hans Selye, Dahlia is in the ______ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

A) alarm
B) exhaustion
C) resistance
D) collapse

B. Exhaustion

Which of the following is the most common method of committing suicide?

A) firearm
B) hanging
C) overdose
D) jumping from heights

A. Firearm

When looking at a glass that is neither completely full nor completely empty, a(n) __________ might say "that glass is half full," while a(n) ____________ might say " no, that glass is half empty!"

A) pessimist; optimist
B) optimist; pessimist
C) optimist; realist
D) realist; pessimist

B. Optimist; pessimist

Eating a healthy breakfast __________.

A) has been shown to increase the risk of obesity
B) has been shown to increase the need for a morning nap
C) has been shown to decrease the ability to concentrate
D) has been shown to decrease the risk of obesity

D. Has been shown to decrease the risk of obesity

The first response that people typically make to frustration is_________.

A) aggression
B) varying efforts
C) persistence
D) increasing efforts

C. Persistence

People with a good _________are less likely to die from illness or injuries than those without it.

A) camaraderie
B) occupation
C) income
D) social support system

D. Social support system

One of the most startling implications of Selye’s theory is that ________.

A) sensitivity to stress is genetically programmed
B) psychological stress may cause diseases such as ulcers and high blood pressure
C) self-actualization tendencies lead to severe stress
D) most people are able to effectively cope with long-term stress

B. Psychological stress may cause diseases such as ulcers and high blood pressure

The Type C behavior pattern is a significant predictor of ______.

A) cancer
B) mental illness
C) coronary heart disease
D) respiratory illnesses

A. Cancer

The Type A behavior pattern is a significant predictor of ________.

A) mental illness
B) cancer
C) respiratory illnesses
D) coronary heart disease

D. Coronary heart disease

Frustration that occurs when a goal or need cannot be attained due to personal characteristics is called_________.

A) personal frustration
B) external frustration
C) a hassle
D) internal conflict

A. Personal frustration

Each of the following is a symptom of bulimia EXCEPT ______.

A) refusal to maintain body weight at or above minimal normal weight for age and height
B) recurrent episodes of binge eating
C) body shape and weight excessively influencing the person’s self-image
D) recurrent inappropriate behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting, to try and prevent weight gain

A. Refusal to maintain body weight at or above minimal normal weight for age and height

The practice of behaviors and lifestyle choices that promote both physical and mental health is called________.

A) meditation
B) health
C) religious beliefs
D) wellness

D. Wellness

What percentage of men and women report some sort of sexual dysfunction?

A) 10-20 percent
B) 90-100 percent
C) 30-40 percent
D) 20-30 percent

C. 30-40 percent

Which of the following is the term used to describe unpredictable, large-scale events that create a great deal of stress and feelings of threat?

A) catastrophes
B) major life events
C) eustress
D) hassles

A. Catastrophes

A disorder resulting from exposure to a major stressor, with symptoms of anxiety, nightmares, poor sleep, reliving the event, and concentration problems, lasting for more than one month is called_________.

A) post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
B) external locus of control
C) catastrophic stress
D) acute stress disorder

A. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

_________ is the term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are threatening or challenging.

A) Stress
B) Distress
C) Burnout
D) Dysphoria

A. Stress

Jordan is very frustrated because another patron at the bar is talking to the woman with whom Jordan was just dancing. According to Berkowitz’s reformulation of the frustration-aggression hypothesis, which of the following factors makes Jordan unlikely to lash out in a physically aggressive manner?

A) Jordan already has a criminal charge for assault.
B) The woman makes it clear that she is not interested in Jordan
C) The other man is much larger and stronger than Jordan.
D) Jordan is alone and has no friends to back him up.

C. The other man is much larger and stronger than Jordan

Which type A personality characteristic is the key trait that is linked to heart disease?

A) compulsiveness
B) competitiveness
C) chronic irritability
D) hostility

D. Hostility

Tad seems to thrive when faced with difficult challenges and usually feels in control of his life. He would probably be labeled a ________ personality.

A) stressed
B) hardy
C) Type B
D) Type C

B. Hardy

_________ is the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well-being.

A) Distress
B) Catastrophic stress
C) Eustress
D) Acute stress

C. Eustress

Each of the following is true of people with anorexia nervosa EXCEPT _________.

A) they have a distorted view of their own body
B) they may have had a troubled childhood and adolescence
C) they have an intense interest in food but eat with disgust
D) they are usually "out of control"

D. They are usually "out of control"

_________ occurs when people experience unpleasant stressors.

A) Catastrophic stress
B) Eustress
C) Distress
D) Acute stress

C. Distress

The term hassles refers to__________.

A) minor annoyances of everyday life
B) personal limitations that make it impossible for someone to pursue a desired goal
C) minor health problems that cause a person to miss at least one day of work
D) the necessity to interact with persons we dislike in order to obtain our goals

A. Minor annoyances of everyday life

Sasha is experiencing stress in her workplace that is causing her to feel dissatisfied and pessimistic. As a result, she has a desire to quit her job. Sasha is experiencing________.

A) poverty-related stress
B) road rage
C) eustress
D) burnout

D. Burnout

Which of the following is one of the ways in which religion helps people reduce or cope with stress?

A) Most religions promote psychological defense mechanisms.
B) Religion isolates people from those who are different.
C) Religion includes rituals that get people to dwell on their failings.
D) Religion can provide a strong social support system.

D. Religion can provide a strong social support system

When the teacher was handing out this test, you noticed that your respiration rate and heartbeat increased, your palms got sweaty, and your hand shook a little. Your pretest behaviors were triggered by the__________. Upon completion of the exam, your body returned to its normal state by way of the _________.

A) sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system
B) somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system
C) autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system
D) parasympathetic nervous system; sympathetic nervous system

A. Sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system

After we have decided that a certain event is a stressor, we must decide how we will deal with it and what resources are available for coping with the stressor. This process is called________.

A) primary appraisal
B) distress-eustress dichotomy
C) tertiary appraisal
D) secondary appraisal

D. Secondary appraisal

Which statement is CORRECT concerning the cultural components of eating disorders?

A) Eating disorders are found in both Western and non-Western cultures.
B) Anorexia and bulimia are only found in Western, high-socioeconomic cultures.
C) Chinese women never report suffering from anorexia.
D) African American women rarely, if ever, suffer from eating disorders.

A. Eating disorders are found in both Western and non-Western cultures

Jacob’s father has always wanted him to be a lawyer. He has encouraged him to get good grades, graduate college earlier than his peers, and work as hard as he can. Jacob does not care about going to law school, but he does so to please his father. Jacob is responding to ______.

A) cognitive dissonance
B) pressure
C) anxiety
D) overload

B. Pressure

Which of the following is the type of conflict that occurs when a person must choose or not choose one goal or event that has both positive and negative aspects?

A) approach-approach
B) approach-avoidance
C) multiple approach-avoidance
D) avoidance-avoidance

B. Approach-avoidance

The _______control one has, the _______the degree of stress.

A) less; lower
B) Control has nothing to do with stress.
C) less; greater
D) more; greater

C. Less; greater

Joey put a quarter in the gumball machine only to find that the machine was not working. He continued to turn the dial on the machine in hope that he would retrieve a gumball. Unfortunately, after several minutes of forcefully turning the dial he still did not retrieve a gumball. As a result, he kicked the machine several times. Kicking the machine is an example of ____________.

A) varying efforts
B) aggression
C) persistence
D) increasing efforts

B. Aggression

Research by Teresa Amabile shows that time pressure has ________impact on one’s ability to be creative.

A) a negative
B) a positive
C) some
D) no

A. A negative

Levon has a Type B personality. Which of the following is most likely?

A) Levon gets easily upset.
B) Levon is slow to anger.
C) Levon is determined to achieve.
D) Levon is competitive.

B. Levon is slow to anger

Researchers have found an association between daily hassles and ___________.

A) cancer and heart disease
B) hypertension and obesity
C) heart disease and schizophrenia
D) colds and headaches

D. Colds and headaches

The method in which the minority person tries to maintain a sense of original cultural identity while also trying to form a positive relationship with members of the dominant culture is called_____________.

A) integration
B) separation
C) assimilation
D) marginalization

A. Integration

Obesity is defined as the condition of being at least _____ percent over the ideal body weight.

A) 20
B) 40
C) 30
D) 10

A. 20

During the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome, all of the following EXCEPT _______________ are reactions that can be seen.

A) headaches
B) nausea
C) hemorrhaging
D) fever

C. Hemorrhaging

People who respond to life events with a laid back, relaxed, easygoing attitude, and are slow to anger are said to have a ____________ personality.

A) Type C
B) Type S
C) Type A
D) Type B

D. Type B

A person in the _________________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome may feel better even though he or she continues to secrete hormones to help the body fight a stressor.

A) resistance
B) termination
C) alarm
D) exhaustion

A. Resistance

__________ measures the amount of stress in a college student’s life over a one-year period resulting from major life events.

A) University Students Stress Assessment (USSA)
B) College Undergraduate Stress Scale (CUSS)
C) College Students New Experiences Assessment Scale (CSNEAS)
D) Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)

B. College Undergraduate Stress Scale (CUSS)

Burning your toast, having trouble opening an e-mail attachment, breaking a glass, and running late for an appointment are all examples of ___________.

A) hassles
B) uplifts
C) distress
D) downturns

A. Hassles

Matthew compares his performance at work with that of a co-worker who is less competent than himself. When he engages in this behavior, he feels better and experiences a boost to his self-esteem. Matthew is using______ to maintain an optimistic outlook.

A) alternative thinking
B) relaxation
C) downward social comparison
D) scapegoating

C. Downward social comparison

All of the following are sources of stress EXCEPT______.

A) pressure
B) uncontrollability
C) frustration
D) aggression

D. Aggression

The system of cells, organs, and chemicals of the body that responds to attacks from diseases and injuries is called the ________.

A) endocrine system
B) immune system
C) respiratory system
D) sympathetic nervous system

B. Immune system

During the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome,_________.

A) synaptic activity and the somatic nervous system activate to send messages from the CNS to muscles
B) the central and somatic systems are activated
C) the sympathetic nervous system is activated and adrenal glands release hormones
D) neurotransmitter levels and the central nervous system are activated

C. The sympathetic nervous system is activated and adrenal glands release hormones

Which of the following is the most stressful of all conflicts, causing many people to go back and forth between one decision and the other, or be unable to decide for or against the event?

A) approach-avoidance
B) incompatible demands
C) avoidance-avoidance
D) approach-approach

A. Approach-avoidance

Optimists tend to use alternative thinking to__________.

A) come up with explanations that do not reflect badly on them personally for why undesirable events occur
B) improve their cognitive abilities
C) find a scapegoat
D) make themselves feel better by comparing their performance to that of less competent others

A. Tend to come up with explanations that do not reflect badly on them personally for why undesirable events occur

In which stage of the general adaptation syndrome has the body reached the limits of its ability to adapt to stress, which may result in the development of stress-related diseases?

A) alarm
B) exhaustion
C) resistance
D) collapse

B. Exhaustion

The negative changes in thoughts, emotions, and behavior as a result of prolonged stress or frustration are called__________.

A) eustress
B) epidemiology
C) burnout
D) dysphoria

C. Burnout

Which of the following are considered mental symptoms of stress?

A) difficulty making decisions, loss of sense of humor, difficulty concentrating
B) depression, fear, irritability
C) sleeping irregularity, frequent colds, anger
D) chest pains, nausea, memory loss

A. Difficulty making decisions, loss of sense of humor, difficulty concentrating

All of the following statements are true about bulimia EXCEPT __________.

A) bulimia is not as damaging as anorexia nervosa
B) bulimics have a distorted body image
C) bulimics have a distorted view of how much food is too much food
D) binge eating and vomiting are common symptoms

A. Bulimia is not as damaging as anorexia nervosa

Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) to measure change due to_________.

A) major life events
B) negative life events
C) natural disasters
D) social difficulties

A. Major life events

The _________nervous system returns the body to normal, day-to-day functioning after a stressful period.

A) sympathetic
B) parasympathetic
C) central
D) somatic

B. Parasympathetic

Which psychologist is credited with proposing the general adaptation syndrome?

A) Lazarus
B) Berkowitz
C) Holmes and Rahe
D) Hans Selye

D. Hans Selye

An urgent demand or expectation for our behavior that comes from an outside source is called ________.

A) anxiety
B) pressure
C) cognitive dissonance
D) overload

B. Pressure

Lupe works 50 hours each week. However, she plays tennis twice a week and attends a book group every Tuesday night. By engaging in fun activities each week, Lupe is_________.

A) going to experience burnout
B) a workaholic
C) a type A personality
D) helping herself avoid burnout

D. Helping herself avoid burnout

People who are attempting to become extremely thin by refusing to eat suffer from __________________.

A) dissociation
B) anorexia nervosa
C) bulimia nervosa
D) obesity phobia

B. Anorexia nervosa

Which of the following is an example of an avoidance-avoidance conflict?

A) A person who loves chocolate must choose between eating chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream.
B) A person who enjoys the ocean has to choose between retiring in the Bahamas or in Tahiti.
C) A student has to decide whether to turn in an unfinished paper and receive a failing grade or hand it in late and lose many points.
D) A person has to choose between wanting to eat some cake but not wanting the calories.

C. A student has to decide whether to turn in an unfinished paper and receive a failing grade or hand it in late and lose many points

Researchers conducted a study to determine the effects of stress on the immune system by measuring immune system chemicals. To accomplish this goal, they compared college students who were undergoing a stressful series of exams to a group of similar students relaxing during a time of no classes and no exams. Results of this study indicate_____________.

A) the relaxed group showed no change over the course of the study
B) the exam group tested lower for immune system chemicals
C) the exam group tested higher for immune system chemicals
D) the relaxed group tested lower for immune system chemicals

B. The exam group tested lower for immune system chemicals

Which of the following is a myth about suicide?

A) People who intend to commit suicide usually talk about it.
B) People who intend to commit suicide may seem to be in good spirits because they have made the
decision to take their life and are looking forward to the escape.
C) People who talk about committing suicide won’t actually do it—they just want attention.
D) People who intend to commit suicide may clear out desks and lockers and settle their finances.

C. People who talk about committing suicide won’t actually do it- they just want attention

If Drew is practicing a relaxation technique called receptive meditation, he is most likely_______.

A) focusing on the sound of his breathing
B) trying to expand consciousness outward
C) sleeping
D) using biofeedback equipment

B. Trying to expand consciousness outward

Sexual problems that result from physical causes are referred to as _________.

A) stress dysfunctions
B) cellular erectile difficulties
C) organic dysfunctions
D) hormonal deficit dysfunctions

C. Organic dysfunctions

Which of the following are considered emotional, as opposed to mental, symptoms of stress?

A) eating too much, smoking or drinking more than usual, hitting people, or throwing things
B) sleeping irregularity, frequent colds, nausea
C) depression, fear, anger
D) difficulty making decisions, loss of sense of humor, difficulty concentrating on tasks

C. Depression, fear, anger

Which part of the nervous system reacts when the human body is subjected to stress?

A) sympathetic
B) somatic
C) central
D) parasympathetic

A. Sympathetic

The most extreme form of escape or withdrawal from frustration is ________.

A) divorce
B) leaving the country
C) suicide
D) anhedonia

C. Suicide

One contributing factor for the increasing rise of road rage is ____________.

A) integration
B) acculturation
C) overcrowding
D) assimilating

C. Overcrowding

Which of the following is NOT one of the methods that people should use to keep a positive outlook?
A) alternative thinking
B) relaxation
C) downward social comparison
D) scapegoating

D. Scapegoating