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What is characteristic of the emotions that develop over the course of the first 2 years of life? |
They are spontaneous and uncensored. |
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When a baby is upset because a caregiver is leaving, the baby is exhibiting |
separation anxiety. |
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According to psychoanalytic theory, the prime focus of pleasure in early infancy is |
the mouth. |
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In Erikson’s theory, the infant’s earliest task is described as that of |
learning whether the world can be trusted to meet basic needs. |
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According to cognitive theory, infants use their early relationships to develop a set of assumptions that become a frame of reference they may use later in life. Such a set of assumptions is called a |
working model. |
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What acronym might you use to remember the Big Five personality traits? |
OCEAN |
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A crucial aspect of synchrony is |
mutual interaction. |
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"Proximity-seeking" and "contact-maintaining" behaviors are displays of |
attachment. |
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In the Strange Situation, a sign of secure attachment is |
smiling at Mother when she returns to the room. |
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When playing with their children, fathers are more likely than mothers to |
engage in physical play. |
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At what age can you expect a normally developing infant to walk well, run, and have a vocabulary of 50-100 words? |
18 months |
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An increased level of cortisol is associated with an infant’s |
sadness. |
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Researchers placed a dot of rouge on babies’ noses and then had them look into a mirror. At what average age did most babies touch their noses when they saw their reflection? |
18 months |
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How do people become "fixated" in a Freudian stage? |
Their normal developmental urges are frustrated. |
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The autonomy versus shame and doubt crisis involves the child’s |
trying to control his or her own actions. |
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Concerning temperament and personality, research has found that |
temperament is linked to biological patterns that appear in infancy. |
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A lasting emotional bond that an infant forms with a caregiver defines |
attachment. |
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A 9-month-old explores new environments when her mother is present but shows distress when her mother leaves the room. The child’s behavior illustrates |
secure attachment. |
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A parent and a toddler meet someone the toddler does not know but who makes the parent nervous. The toddler will probably |
act anxious. |
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Infant day care is of high quality if caregivers emphasize, among other things |
sensorimotor exploration. |
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