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the disorder that is characterized by eating binges followed by forced vomiting is called |
bulimia nervosa |
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carol has become very afraid of being overweight. She has recently reduced her food intake although she feels hungry all the time. As a result, her weight has dropped sharply below average, but she still believes that she is overweight. Carol is most likely experiencing: |
anorexia nervosa |
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according to the DSM-IV-TR, to be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, a person’s weight loss must be at least ______ percent below normal. |
15 |
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a person stopped eating candy and other sweets, then gradually eliminated other foods until the person was eating almost nothing could be experiencing |
restricted- type anorexia nervosa |
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what is the first type of food usually eliminated from the diet of the developing anorexic person |
sweets and fattening snacks |
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a person who loses weight by forcing herself to vomit after meals or by using laxatives, and who otherwise fits the definition of anorexia is experiencing |
binge-eating/ purging- typer anorexia nervosa |
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what percentage of individuals with anorexia die from medical complications |
2-6% |
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the peak age for the onset of anorexia nervosa is |
14-18 |
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the primary motivating emotion a person with anorexia experiences is |
FEAR |
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a modern explanation of why many anorexic people continually have food-related thoughts and dreams is that |
such thoughts and dreams are a result of food deprivation |
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the most common cognitive disturbance in anorexia nervosa is |
distorted body image |
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if you were looking at a photograph of yourself and adjusting the size until you thought the picture looked like you, you would most likely be participating in an assessment of your |
accuracy in estimating body size |
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a patient in therapy who eats exactly eight pieces of bread that he or she has carefully made into balls of equal diameter is displaying a symptom of anorexia nervosa related to |
obsessive-compulsive patterns |
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misusing diuretics and laxatives following a binge is a symptom of the _____ type of bulimia nervosa |
purging |
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someone who fasts or exercises strenuously following a binge is engaging in |
non-purging type |
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bulimia is always characterized by |
uncontrollable overeating |
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if an anorexic woman has lanugo, what happened |
grew fine silky hair on her body |
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the central feature of bulimia nervosa is |
binge eating followed by compensatory behavior |
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the best diagnosis for a woman who regularly eats a whole pizza, a carton of ice cream, and a box of donuts in one sitting, then forces herself to throw it all up |
purging-type bulimia nervosa |
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flora begins almost every day. Cookies, cake, ice cream, and almost anything else that is sweet goes down her throat. Sometime during the binge she takes a huge dose of a laxative so that she will "empty out" the food. This set of assumptions would lead to a diagnosis of |
purging-type |
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glenda binges almost everyday. she eats chips, and dips, burgers and fries, and a couple of shakes. after her eating she goes to the gym and does 90 minutes of aerobics, send and hour on the stair-stepper, and then does weights for another hour. she also does not eat for 72 hours. this set of assumptions would lead to a diagnosis of |
non-purging type of bulimia nervosa |
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if binge eating is followed by a period of strenuous exercise to compensate for the food, the diagnosis is probably |
non-purging type- bulimia nervosa |
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people who are often overweight and regularly binge eat without compensatory behaviors are experiencing |
binge eating disorder |
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if a friend of yours had bulimia nervosa and engaged in frequent binges, about how many of his or her binges per week would you expect to witness yourself |
none |
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in terms of emotions, the pattern common in bulimia from pre-binge, through binge, to post-binges is best described as |
tension- powerless- shame |
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for people with bulimia nervosa, binge episodes produce feelings of |
guilt and depression |
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how successful are compensatory behaviors in controlling weight |
… |
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what is the most likely explanation for the different explanations of eating disorders in men and women |
male eating disorders are more likely tied to work or sports |
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similarities between bulimia and anorexia include |
begin after a period of dieting; there is a fear of obesity; preoccupied with food, weight and appearance; anxiety and depression |
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one medical problem linked to bulimia nervosa is |
tooth loss |
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the medical problem that is about twice as frequent in anorexic women as it is in bulimic women is |
amenorrhea |
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the currently accepted view of anorexia is that its cause is |
multi dimensional |
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if one found that the average weight and size of cheerleaders had declined significantly over the years, and that those who aspired to be cheerleaders had a high level of eating disorders, one would have evidence for ______ causes of eating disorders |
societal |
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which professionals are most at risk for an eating disorder |
actors and athletes |
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if one study, prospective parents rated a picture of a chubby child as less ______ than an average-weight child |
friendly and intelligent |
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research on doll choice in preschoolers shows that |
the children consistently choose the skinny doll over the chubby doll |
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family members are over involved in each other’s lives, but are affectionate and loyal. this description fits Minuchin’s definition of an |
enmeshed family pattern |
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Salvador Minuchin describes a family system in which members are overly involved in each other’s affairs. it is known as the |
enmeshed family pattern |
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the important contribution to the treatment of eating disorders made by Hilde Bruch combines which theoretical frameworks |
psychodynamic and cognitive therapies |
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what underlies Bruch’s ego deficiency view of eating disorders is a sense of |
lack of control over lives and misperceptions of internal cues |
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Bruch’s research suggests that when people with eating disorders are anxious or upset, they think they are |
hungry |
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support for the idea that mood disorders set the stage for eating disorders comes from evidence that shows |
low activity of serotonin |
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the levels of brain ______ are low in many people with depression and in eating disorders |
serotonin |
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the part of the brain most closely associated with the control of eating and body weight is the |
hypothalamus |
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when and experimenter stimulates a rat’s lateral hypothalamus, the most likely result is |
eating |
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when an experimenter stimulates a hungry rat’s ventromedial hypothalamus, the most probable short-term result is |
reduces hunger |
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according to the weight set point theory, the consequences of dieting to below one’s weight set point are |
an increasing urge to binge |
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a person’s "weight set point" is |
the "weight thermostat" responsible for keeping an individual at a particular weight |
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the first step in treating anorexia nervosa is to |
get the person to begin to regain the weight they had lost |
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the treatment that has been the most popular for restoring weight among anorexic person is |
supported nurse care and high calorie diet |
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anorectic patients receive a gradually increasing diet over the course of several weeks, encouragement, education, and reassurance that they will not become obese. the form of therapy they are receiving is |
supportive nurse care |
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all treatments for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa share the long-term common goal of |
addressing the underlying causes of the disorders |
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if a therapist were trying to help a bulimic patient recognize and change her maladaptive attitudes toward food, weight, eating and body shape, the therapist would most likely be practicing |
cognitive therapy |
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all the treatment methods for bulimia nervosa share the immediate goal of |
helping clients to eliminate binge/purge patterns |
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tanya is a behavioral therapist who exposes bulimic patients to situations that usually cause binge episodes and then prevents them from binge eating. the technique that she is using is called |
exposure and response prevention |
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a therapist who sat with the bulimic patient while the patient ate appropriate quantities of "forbidden" foods, and then stayed until the patient no longer had the urge to purge would be practicing |
exposure and response prevention |
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the medication most helpful in the treatment of bulimia is an |
antidepressants: prozac and fluoxetine |
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relapse for both bulimia and anorexia is most likely triggered by |
a new life stress |
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