PSY 456 CH 11

1. (p. 418) According to Shneidman, what are crises related to incidents that occurred out of phase with students’ chronological age?
A. Midcrises
B. Metacrises
C. Megacrises
D. Maxicrises

B. Metacrises

2. (p. 421) A "developmental push" is associated with what type of bereavement in adulthood?
A. The death of an infant
B. The death of a friend
C. The death of an adult child
D. The death of a parent

D. The death of a parent

3. (p. 422) Why do many people consider the death of a mother to be a more difficult loss than the death of a father?
A. Because mothers usually die before fathers
B. Because more fathers live in nursing homes
C. Because mothers are usually the primary nurturing caregiver
D. Because fathers are usually the primary disciplinarian

C. Because mothers are usually the primary nurturing caregiver

4. (p. 424) What cross-cultural example is given in the text to express universal feelings about the parental role of safeguarding and protecting children?
A. No parental role about safeguarding children is universal.
B. Among the Cree, infants wore "ghost-protective" moccasins.
C. Among the Cherokee, tribal pow-wows were held to protect children.
D. Among the Sioux, infants were given symbolic weapons.

B. Among the Cree, infants wore "ghost-protective" moccasins.

5. (p. 424) Among the Cree of North America, infants were given moccasins with holes in them so that ghosts would not take them away "because their moccasins need mending." This example is intended to show
A. how ancient magic worked.
B. child rearing has a long history.
C. if parents cannot protect children, they resort to explanations involving the supernatural.
D. feelings about the parental role of safeguarding children are universal.

D. feelings about the parental role of safeguarding children are universal.

6. (p. 424) The death of a fetus between the twentieth week of gestation and the time of birth is known as a
A. post-neonatal death.
B. neonatal death.
C. stillbirth.
D. miscarriage.

C. stillbirth.

7. (p. 424) As medically defined, stillbirth refers to the death of a child occurring between
A. the 20th week of pregnancy and birth.
B. conception and the 12th week of pregnancy.
C. the 12th week of pregnancy and birth.
D. birth and 28 days after birth.

A. the 20th week of pregnancy and birth.

8. (p. 424) Neonatal deaths are those occurring
A. prior to the twentieth week of pregnancy.
B. during the first four weeks following birth.
C. after the first four weeks of pregnancy and up to eleven months following birth.
D. between the twentieth week of gestation and time of the birth.

B. during the first four weeks following birth.

9. (p. 425) Giving up a child for adoption is an example of
A. ending the maternal experience.
B. post neonatal loss.
C. reproductive loss.
D. familial reversal.

C. reproductive loss.

10. (p. 427) At Hase Temple in Kamakura, Japan, aborted fetuses are memorialized by
A. literary poems.
B. plaques on the walls.
C. tiny stone statues.
D. symbols such as toys, dolls, and twirling pinwheels.

C. tiny stone statues.

11. (p. 427) At the Hase Temple in Kamakura, Japan, mizuko represent
A. ancestor worship.
B. children conceived but never born.
C. babies born with disabilities.
D. SIDS death.

B. children conceived but never born.

12. (p. 428) Coping with grief resulting from stillbirth is facilitated by
A. quickly removing the stillborn infant to erase negative images.
B. moving on with life and getting pregnant again quickly.
C. acknowledging the baby’s life and death.
D. refraining from naming the baby.

C. acknowledging the baby’s life and death.

13. (p. 428) For newly bereaved parents of a stillborn child, a way of realizing and coping with loss is aided by
A. removing the stillborn as quickly as possible.
B. seeing and holding the baby.
C. signing the death certificate and keeping grief and details private.
D. having a lot of alone time when home.

B. seeing and holding the baby.

14. (p. 430) Cases of SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) may be subject to criminal investigation because the
A. parents neglected the infant.
B. laws pertaining to child abuse require such investigation.
C. parents were irresponsible and careless in childcare.
D. infant died of unknown causes.

D. infant died of unknown causes.

15. (p. 430) Cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) have sometimes been subjected to criminal investigation because
A. SIDS support group prompt such investigation.
B. because of multiple SIDS death in one family.
C. the infant died of unknown or no definitive cause.
D. the family seems unaffected by the loss.

C. the infant died of unknown or no definitive cause.

16. (p. 432) The major cause of death among individuals between 5 and 24 years old is
A. accidents.
B. childhood leukemia.
C. suicide.
D. natural causes.

A. accidents.

17. (p. 432) Which of the following, (characterized as "the last major plague of the young") is the leading cause of death among individuals between the ages of five and twenty-four?
A. Cancer
B. Homicide
C. Accidents
D. Suicide

C. Accidents

18. (p. 433) Parents of a child whose life is threatened by serious illness tend to have a somewhat easier time coping when they
A. avoid situations that elicit painful feelings.
B. spend as much time as possible alone with the sick child.
C. derive their identity from more than the parental role.
D. live with a focus on the future.

C. derive their identity from more than the parental role.

19. (p. 433) Which is a death "out of sequence?"
A. The death of an only child
B. A sudden death
C. A young or middle-aged adult dies while his or her parents live on
D. Death of a couple by homicide-suicide

C. A young or middle-aged adult dies while his or her parents live on

20. (p. 434) A major source of conflict among bereaved couples in grieving styles and coping with the death of a child relates to
A. differences in values, beliefs and expectations.
B. the cause of the child’s death.
C. their view of themselves as a couple.
D. their view of themselves as parents.

A. differences in values, beliefs and expectations.

21. (p. 434) Which of the following is a factor that helps reduce conflict between bereaved parents who are grieving the death of a child?
A. Each partner’s interpretation of the other’s behavior
B. Viewing themselves as a couple and expecting to "go through grief" together
C. Individual values, beliefs, and expectations
D. Willingness to engage in open and honest communication

D. Willingness to engage in open and honest communication

22. (p. 434-435) Which of the following statements are TRUE about parental bereavement in couples?

1. A feeling of estrangement and a strong bond can occur between the parents at the same time.
2. A partner’s behavior can be misinterpreted by the other and can cause conflict.
3. Different grieving styles may decrease the couple’s sense of commonality.
4. Urging each other to be strong in public is an important component of getting past the grieving phase and into the healing phase of bereavement.

A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1, 2, and 4
C. 1, 3, and 4
D. 2, 3, and 4

A. 1, 2, and 3

23. (p. 434-435) Which of the following factors work to reduce conflict and promote positive interaction between grieving couples who have lost a child by death?

1. Open and honest communication
2. Expressing emotions in each other’s company
3. Crying separately to minimize the open grief and pain
4. Ability of partners to reframe each other’s behavior in a positive way
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1, 2, and 4
C. 1, 3, and 4
D. 2, 3, and 4

B. 1, 2, and 4

24. (p. 435) Which group provides support for children with cancer, their parents, and other family members?
A. Candlelighters Childhood Cancer Foundation
B. Compassionate Friends Cancer Support Division
C. International Organization of Parents of Children with Cancer
D. American Association of Cancer Support

A. Candlelighters Childhood Cancer Foundation

25. (p. 435) Which of the following organizations combine social support with political advocacy?
A. Candlelighters
B. Compassionate Friends
C. Parents of Murdered Children
D. Association of Bereaved Parents

C. Parents of Murdered Children

26. (p. 436) The way a particular person adjusts to the role of newly widowed person depends on a host of

1. sociocultural factors.
2. personal factors.
3. circumstantial factors.
4. sociopolitical factors.

A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 2, 3, and 4
C. 1, 2, and 4
D. 1, 3, and 4

A. 1, 2, and 3

27. (p. 436) Studies of spousal bereavement amongst homosexual couples
A. have focused on the long term (5 to 10 years) following loss.
B. are abundant in Sweden.
C. indicate the absence of deep grief amongst homosexual couples.
D. have been mostly ignored.

D. have been mostly ignored.

28. (p. 438) If a marriage has involved the partners living traditional gender roles, which of the following statements is likely to be true in the case of spousal bereavement?
A. Widowed persons whose life styles include multiple roles appear to have a tougher adjustment to spousal bereavement.
B. New skills may need to be learned to manage the needs of daily life.
C. Widowed persons tend to rebound quickly after the death of an abusive spouse.
D. Widowed persons, male and female, appear to experience about the same degree of negative effects.

B. New skills may need to be learned to manage the needs of daily life.

29. (p. 438) Adverse effects of spousal death appear to be more common among
A. widows.
B. widower
C. adult male children.
D. newlyweds.

B. widower.

30. (p. 439) What is one of the most valuable resources for the recently widowed?
A. Quiet time alone to reflect
B. Contact with peers
C. Volunteer opportunities with children
D. Grief therapy

B. Contact with peers

31. (p. 439) What organization began in 1973 to implement a concept of mutual help to widowed individuals?
A. Widowed Persons Service
B. American Association of Widowed Persons
C. National Council on Aging
D. Longevity Center

A. Widowed Persons Service

32. (p. 440) The term senescence is defined as the
A. loss of financial stability due to extended illness.
B. compression of morbidity.
C. process of becoming old.
D. period occurring just prior to death.

C. process of becoming old.

33. (p. 440) Senescence is
A. loss of senses.
B. reaching 80 years old.
C. dating amongst the aged.
D. the process of becoming old.

D. the process of becoming old.

34. (p. 440) What is considered a fatal chronic condition?
A. Vision problems
B. Frailty
C. Painful arthritis
D. Hearing loss

B. Frailty

35. (p. 441) Which of the following are reasons given by aged people for accepting death?

1. Death is preferable to inactivity.
2. Death is preferable to becoming a burden.
3. Death is preferable to living alone.
4. Death is preferable to loss of mental faculties.

A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1, 2, and 4
C. 1, 3, and 4
D. 2, 3, and 4

B. 1, 2, and 4

36. (p. 441) Alzheimer’s disease is twice as common among women as men, partly because women
A. have a longer life expectancy.
B. lose blood during menstruating years.
C. have not generally engaged in physically challenging work.
D. lose hormones and nutrients during childbirth.

A. have a longer life expectancy.

37. (p. 441) The twenty first century is being characterized as a century of
A. population growth.
B. senescence.
C. aging.
D. bioethics.

C. aging.

38. (p. 441) The aging of societies is sometimes called a
A. diamond generation.
B. geriatric nightmare.
C. silver tsunami.
D. bioethics drain.

C. silver tsunami.

39. (p. 442) What term does the National Council on Aging use for people over the age of eighty-five?
A. Oldest-old
B. Middle-old
C. Old-old
D. Post-old

C. Old-old

40. (p. 442) What is defined as "a theoretically projected length of life based on the maximum potential of the human body in the best environment?"
A. Health span
B. Life span
C. Longevity span
D. Full-life span

B. Life span

41. (p. 442) In contrast to their stereotypical image, old people tend to be more
A. monotonous than other age groups.
B. individually distinct than other age groups.
C. carefree than other age groups.
D. active when living in a senior community.

B. individually distinct than other age groups.

42. (p. 418) Surveys reveal that a considerable number of college students are within 12-24 months of bereavement.

TRUE

43. (p. 420) The death of a close friend evokes grief similar to the reaction following the death of a relative.

TRUE

44. (p. 421) The death of a parent may cause a person to realize that he or she has become an adult.

TRUE

45. (p. 423) Artist Käthe Kollwitz used art as a means of working through her sorrow following the death of a child.

TRUE

46. (p. 424) According to Rosenblatt, after a child’s death parents tended to become a little more lenient and less protective of their other surviving children.

FALSE

47. (p. 424) The distinction between miscarriage and stillbirth is based on the logic that most fetuses are viable after the 20th week of pregnancy.

TRUE

48. (p. 425) Childbearing loss includes the birth of a child with a severe impairment or a mental disability.

TRUE

49. (p. 425) An example of reproductive loss involves giving up a child for adoption.

TRUE

50. (p. 426) Women who choose to have an induced abortion will not experience a grief reaction.

FALSE

51. (p. 438) Widowed persons whose lifestyles include multiple roles appear to make an easier adjustment than do those with fewer roles.

TRUE

52. (p. 439) The availability of a stable social support network and peer contact is crucial in the adjustment of bereaved spouses.

TRUE

53. (p. 439) Contact with peers is a valuable resource for the recently widowed.

TRUE

54. (p. 442) Young adults generally have accurate expectations about the process of aging and being old.

FALSE

55. (p. 442) The National Council on Aging uses the term middle-old for those people ages 60 to 75.

FALSE