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Who were two of the more important preclassical composers? |
C.P.E. and J.C. Bach |
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During the classical period, what was serious composition flavored by? |
Folk and popular music |
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Know the characteristics of the music of the classical period? |
Not polyphonic, contrast of mood, flexibility of rhythm |
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What texture in music was most often used? |
Mostly Homophonic, but with frequent shifts. |
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Political and economic power shifted to the middle class from what two powers? |
The aristocracy and church |
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In the exposition of a sonata form movement is the second theme in the tonic or a new key? |
New key |
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What is a coda? |
Rounds off a movement by repeating themes or developing them further. It always ends in the tonic key. |
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Which movement of a sonata-type composition is often patterned after a dance? |
3rd |
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In varying the theme in a theme and variation form what element is usually not changed? |
Length |
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Outline of a rondo form |
ABACA |
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What is the usual order of movements in a classical symphony? |
1st Fast—frequently Sonata form 2nd Slow—often Sonata form, sometimes Theme and Variations 3rd Dance—usually Minuet and Trio or scherzo (fast, dancelike) form 4th Fast—frequently Sonata or Rondo form |
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Which movement of a symphony is most often lyrical and slow? |
2nd Slow |
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What is a concerto? |
A classical concerto is a three-movement work for an instrumental soloist and orchestra |
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What was the favorite solo instrument that Mozart and Beethoven wrote concertos for? |
Piano |
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Know the typical sequence of movements for a classical concerto. |
Usually three movements: Fast—Slow—Fast (no Minuet movement) |
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How does the classical concerto differ from the symphony? Which movement does it not have? |
Only 3 movements (symphony has 4) and has no 3rd movement (no minuet or scherzo) |
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What is a cadenza? |
A special unaccompanied showpiece for the soloist |
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What is classical chamber music designed for? |
The intimate setting of a room, rather than concert hall; it is lighter in sound than classical orchestral music |
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Was Haydn considered a skilled servant? |
Yes! |
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What Hungarian family did Haydn have a long and financially stable relationship with? |
Esterhazy |
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What did Mozart do between the ages of six and fifteen? |
Continually on tour |
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Why did Mozart compose his Requiem? |
Commision from a stranger |
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What are Mozart’s three masterpieces of Italian opera? |
The Marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni and Cosi Fan Tutte |
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Know important facts of Beethoven’s life |
Briliant pianist, self-educated, had read widely (קרא הרבה), but was weak in elementary arithmetic (חשבון יסודי), symptoms of deaf at 29 |
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What is a piano sonata? |
A musical composition in two or more movments |
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What are Beethoven’s late works that he composed after he was totally deaf? |
Late piano sonatas, and string quartets, Missa Solemnis and the 9th symphony |
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Classicism, as a stylistic period in western art music, roughly encompassed what years? |
1750-1820 |
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The typical orchestra of the classical period consisted of what instruments? |
• Strings: 1st & 2nd violins, violas, cellos, double bass • Woodwinds: @2 – flutes, oboes, clarinets, bassoons • Brass: @2 – French horns, trumpets • Percussion – 2 timpani! |
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In the classical period, serious composition was flavored by what? |
Folk and popular music |
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The minuet is generally which movement of a classical symphony? |
3rd |
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In many of Beethoven’s works, there is what type of movement instead of the minuet? |
Scherzo |
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What type of musical composition is usually light in mood, and meant for evening entertainment? |
Serenade |
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What is the most important form of classical chamber music? |
Is string quartet 2 violins, viola, and cello Four movements (Like Symphony) Usually Fast—Slow—Dance—Fast |
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Along with his symphonies, what is Haydn’s most important works? |
68 string quartets |
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Mozart was born where? |
Salzburg, Austria |
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Beethoven’s only opera is entitled what? |
Fidelio |
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