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Why were the founders of the Plymouth Colony called pilgrims? |
The Plymouth colonists believed they were making a religious journey |
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What religious group founded Pennsylvania? |
Quakers |
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Why did the American colonists object to paying taxes to the British government? |
The colonists were not allowed to vote for members of Parliament |
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Why did the American colonists think that taxation by the British was unfair? |
The colonists had no elected representation in the English Parliament. |
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Which colony was founded by Catholics on land given by King Charles I? |
Maryland |
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Which American leader’s discoveries and inventions characterized the Enlightenment? |
Benjamin Franklin |
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What was a key theme of the period known as the Great Awakening? |
Salvation does not depend on membership in a single church |
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What was George Washington’s role during the American Revolution? |
commander in chief of the Continental Army |
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What document promotes the idea that all people are created equal and are entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness? |
Declaration of Independence |
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"People are created equal and entitled to live, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness", best describes the self-evident truths of what document? |
Declaration of Independents |
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Which document provided the first basic governing structure for the United States? |
Articles of Confederation |
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What was the purpose of the Articles of Confederation? |
to provide a governing structure for the nation |
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Which document established the first government of the United States? |
Articles of Confederation |
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Who proposed the system of checks and balances that was included in the U.S. Constitution? |
James madison |
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Which phrase describes one of the goals of the U.S. Constitution as found in the Preamble? |
to ensure domestic tranquility |
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How did the Louisiana Purchase benefit the United States? |
It doubled the size of the United States and provided access to the Mississippi River. |
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Who proposed the system of checks and balances that was included in the U.S. Constitution? |
James Madison |
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What issue most clearly divided Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republican Party and Alexander Hamilton’s Federalist Party? |
whether federal or state governments should have more power |
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Which branch of government declares war, approves constitutional amendments, and begins impeachment proceedings? |
Legislative |
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Which of the following is an example of a right or freedom guaranteed by the Bill of Rights? |
the right to speak your mind in private or in public, protection from unreasonable searches, the freedom to practice the religion of your choice |
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What federal government position did John C. Marshall hold for 35 years? |
chief justice of the Supreme Court |
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How did Andrew Jackson appeal to voters during the election campaign of 1828? |
He used slogans, posters, and songs. |
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What tactic of Andrew Jackson’s presidential campaign secured his election? |
He rallied voters by holding events, such as barbecues, that appealed to them. |
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How did Herbert Hoover’s philosophy of government affect the Depression? |
It deepened the Depression because nothing was done to address the causes |
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What effect did Herbert Hoover’s beliefs about government have on the American economy? |
They deepened the Depression because the government did not take action. |
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What happened to marriage and birth rates during the Great Depression? |
They declined as people became reluctant to take on additional responsibility. |
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What happened in the Great Plains when severe drought followed the removal of native grasses? |
Strong winds blew away topsoil and created a Dust Bowl. |
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How did many farmers deal with the effects of the Dust Bowl? |
They left their farms for California. |
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In addition to lost jobs and poverty, what was another impact of the Great Depression on American lives? |
a drop in marriage and birth rates |
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Which was a cause of the Dust Bowl in the Great Plains? |
Native grasses were removed to produce wheat, leaving nothing to hold the soil in place. |
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How did buying stocks on credit contribute to the Great Depression? |
When stock prices fell, people did not have the money to cover their losses. |
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What was one cause of the October 1929 stock market crash? |
falling stocks purchased on credit |
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Which presidents’ administrations emphasized big business and corporate power? |
Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover |
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What brought a ban on the sale of alcohol and an increase in organized crime to the United States during the 1920s? |
passage of the 18th Amendment |
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How did the 18th Amendment cause conflict in the United States? |
Some people believed that the prohibition of alcohol was unconstitutional. |
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What was a common element of the Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover administrations? |
an emphasis on big business and corporate power |
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What did severe drought, stock speculation, and a banking crisis in the late 1920s lead to? |
the Great Depression |
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Which group in the 1920s opposed immigration, feared the Red Scare, and believed white Protestants were better than others? |
Ku Klux Klan |
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What 1920s movement renewed African American culture in art, music, literature, drama, and dance? |
the Harlem Renaissance |
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What group could be described for the first time in the 1920s with the terms flapper, wage-earner, and voter? |
Women |
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Which is a territory that the United States gained as part of the settlement of the Mexican-American War? |
California |
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How did the United States acquire California? |
Mexico ceded California as part of the treaty that ended the Mexican-American War. |
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Which idea states that it was God’s plan for the United States to expand across the continent? |
manifest destiny |
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Which best explains the concept of manifest destiny? |
the idea that it was God’s plan for the nation to expand across the continent |
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How did the Republican Party begin in the 1850s? |
Several northern antislavery groups united. |
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Which are two states that seceded from the Union before the Civil War? |
South Carolina and Georgia |
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What was one reason that South Carolina decided to secede from the Union? |
to uphold the rights of property owners |
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What was one success of Reconstruction after the Civil War? |
Southern states rejoined the Union. |
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What was one of the failures of Reconstruction after the Civil War? |
Political opportunities for African Americans disappeared after a short time. |
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Which of the following was primarily a political challenge that the United States faced after the Civil War? |
citizenship rights for freed slaves |
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How did western expansion affect Native Americans? |
It forced them from their lands. |
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What happened to Native Americans during western expansion? |
They were forced to give up their lands. |
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What did the federal government do in response to union-led strikes in the late 1800s? |
acted quickly to end strikes, using both the courts and federal troops |
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Which was a business practice employed by the titans of industry in the late 1800s? |
building monopolies |
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Which practice originated in the railroad industry and influenced modern business practices? |
Railroad owners sold stock to finance the construction of railroads. |
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Why did the government act quickly to end union-led strikes in the late 1800s? |
There was a belief that strikes would lead to anarchy and socialism. |
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What is one way that immigration in the late 1800s differed from immigration in earlier periods? |
In the 1800s, more immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe. |
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What is one way that immigration in the late 1800s differed from immigration in earlier periods? |
Later immigrants came mainly from southern and eastern Europe. |
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What is one way that immigration in the late 1800s differed from immigration in earlier periods? |
The majority of later immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe. |
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What legislation was enacted in 1890 to eliminate monopolies, trusts, or any agreement that restricted trade? |
Sherman Antitrust Act |
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What was a popular term for the investigative journalists who uncovered corruption in business and government in the late 1800s and early 1900s? |
muckrakers |
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How did ethnicity and race influence the cities of the United States in the late nineteenth century? |
They helped define social stratification. |
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What contributed to social stratification in cities in the late 1800s? |
ethnicity and race |
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Who were the muckrakers? |
investigative journalists who uncovered corruption in business and government |
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What was one reform the progressive movement achieved? |
direct election of U.S. senators |
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Which president believed in an activist government that was a "steward of the public welfare"? |
Theodore Roosevelt |
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How did Jim Crow laws, poll taxes, and literacy tests affect blacks in the period following the Civil War? |
They promoted segregation and fewer rights for blacks. |
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What were some of the effects of Jim Crow laws, poll taxes, and literacy tests in the period following the Civil War? |
They promoted segregation and fewer rights for blacks. |
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Which African American leader founded the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute? |
Booker T. Washington |
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What did Woodrow Wilson hope to accomplish with his "New Freedom" government? |
effective government responses to social and economic issues |
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What was one of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony’s goals? |
gain immediate women’s suffrage |
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What was a concept put forth by African American leader W.E.B. Du Bois? |
Educated African Americans should lead the race out of second-class citizenship into full equality. |
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Who were two pioneers of the early women’s movement? |
Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony |
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Who founded the United Negro Improvement Association, which stressed the need for black-owned businesses? |
Marcus Garvey |
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What was one reason the United States went to war with Spain in 1898? |
to protect U.S. investments in Cuba |
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Why did some people support imperialism despite traditional American opposition to colonization? |
They wanted to compete with other nations for natural resources. |
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What was one argument against nineteenth-century American imperialism? |
Traditional American principles opposed colonization. |
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What was one of Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy goals? |
to have the nations of the world form an association |
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Which is a territory that the United States acquired as a result of the Spanish-American War? |
Puerto Rico |
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The United States acquired several new territories during the late 1800s. Which two eventually became states? |
Alaska and Hawaii |
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What finally brought the United States into World War I? |
unrestricted German submarine attacks on shipping |
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Why did Woodrow Wilson want to form a League of Nations? |
He thought an organization like that could assure lasting world peace. |
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What was the major focus of William Howard Taft’s foreign policy? |
Dollar Diplomacy |
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What was one effect of unrestricted German submarine attacks on shipping during World War I? |
The United States entered the war. |
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What was the purpose of the Espionage and Sedition Acts passed during World War I? |
to reduce debate and dissent over U.S. participation in the war |
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Why did government leaders want to pass the Espionage and Sedition Acts during World War I? |
They thought the laws would provide national security. |
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How did many Americans react to increased government powers during World War I? |
resented the increased government controls. |
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