MIS Chapter 9

Which phase does the firm analyzes its end-user business requirements and refines project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system?
A. Analysis phase
B. Design phase
C. Development phase
D. Testing phase

Analysis phase

What are the specific business requests the system must meet to be successful, so the analysis phase is critical because business requirements drive the entire systems development effort?
A. COBIT
B. Conversion
C. Business requirements
D. Sign-off

Business requirements

What is the process of transferring information from a legacy system to a new system?
A. COBIT
B. Conversion
C. Business requirements
D. Sign-off

Conversion

What modifies software to meet specific user or business requirements?
A. Software customization
B. Conversion
C. Business requirements
D. Sign-off

Software customization

Which software supports general business processes and does not require any specific software customization to meet the organization’s needs?
A. SDLC
B. Software customization
C. Off-the-shelf application
D. Application software

Off-the-shelf application

What is the overall process for developing information systems, from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance?
A. SDLC
B. Software customization
C. Off-the-shelf application
D. Sign-off

SDLC

Which phase establishes a high-level plan of the intended project and determines project goals?
A. Testing phase
B. Analysis phase
C. Maintenance phase
D. Planning phase

Planning phase

What is a person or event that is the catalyst for implementing major changes for a system to meet business changes?
A. Change controller
B. Change over
C. Change management
D. Change agent

Change agent

What is a technique for generating ideas by encouraging participants to offer as many ideas as possible in a short period without any analysis until all the ideas have been exhausted?
A. Brainstorming
B. Change agent
C. Test conditions
D. Bugs

Brainstorming

What is the process of managing changes to the business requirements throughout the project?
A. Requirements documentation
B. Requirements management
C. Requirements definition document
D. All of the above

Requirements documentation

Which document prioritizes all of the business requirements by order of importance to the company?
A. Requirements documentation
B. Requirements management
C. Requirements definition document
D. All of the above

Requirements definition document

What contains the users’ actual signatures indicating they approve all of the business requirements?
A. Requirements documentation
B. Requirements management
C. Requirements definition document
D. Sign-off

Sign-off

Which phase takes all the detailed design documents from the design phase and transforms them into the actual system?
A. Testing phase
B. Analysis phase
C. Development phase
D. Planning phase

Development phase

What is a disciplined approach for constructing information systems through the use of common methods, techniques, or tools?
A. Software
B. Software testing
C. Software engineering
D. Software managing

Software engineering

What do software engineers use as tools to provide automated support for the development of the system?
A. Software
B. IEEE
C. COBIT
D. CASE

CASE

What is a set of best practices that helps an organization to maximize the benefits of an information system, while at the same time establishing appropriate controls to ensure minimum errors?
A. COBIT
B. CASE
C. IEEE
D. All of the above

COBIT

What is a programming method that provides for interactive modules to a website?
A. Scripting language
B. Object-oriented language
C. Fourth-generation language
D. All of the above

Scripting language

What language groups data and corresponding processes into objects?
A. Scripting language
B. Object-oriented language
C. Fourth-generation language
D. All of the above

Object-oriented language

What languages are programming languages that look similar to human languages?
A. Scripting language
B. Object-oriented language
C. Fourth-generation language
D. All of the above

Fourth-generation language

Which phase brings all the project pieces together into a special testing environment to eliminate errors and bugs, and verify that the system meets all the business requirements defined in the analysis phase?
A. Testing phase
B. Analysis phase
C. Development phase
D. Planning phase

Testing phase

What are defects in the code of an information system?
A. Testing
B. Bugs
C. Insects
D. All of the above

Bugs

What detail the steps the system must perform along with the expected result of each step in the implementation phase the organization places the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with it?
A. Testing phase
B. Testing documentation
C. Test conditions
D. All of the above

Test conditions

What is created that highlights how to use the system and how to troubleshoot issues or problems?
A. Detailed user documentation
B. Requirements definition document
C. Scope document
D. All of the above

Detailed user documentation

What is also provided for the system users and can be online or in a classroom?
A. Training
B. Testing
C. Implementation phase
D. Testing phase

Training

What runs over the Internet or on a CD or DVD, and employees complete the training on their own time at their own pace?
A. Online training
B. Workshop training
C. Help desk
D. Corrective maintenance

Online training

What is held in a classroom environment and led by an instructor?
A. Online training
B. Workshop training
C. Help desk
D. Corrective maintenance

Workshop training

What is a group of people who respond to users questions?
A. Online training
B. Workshop training
C. Help desk
D. Corrective maintenance

Help desk

What assess if the entire system meets the design requirements of the users?
A. Alpha testing
B. Development testing
C. Integration testing
D. System testing

Alpha testing

What occurs when programmers test the system to ensure it is bug-free?
A. Alpha testing
B. Development testing
C. Integration testing
D. System testing

Development testing

What verifies that separate systems can work together passing data back and forth correctly?
A. Alpha testing
B. Development testing
C. Integration testing
D. System testing

Integration testing

What verifies that the units or pieces of code function correctly when integrated together?
A. Alpha testing
B. Development testing
C. Integration testing
D. System testing

System testing

What determines if the system satisfies the user and business requirements?
A. Alpha testing
B. Development testing
C. Integration testing
D. User acceptance testing

User acceptance testing

What tests individual units or pieces of code for a system?
A. Unit testing
B. Development testing
C. Integration testing
D. User acceptance testing

Unit testing

Which implementation uses both the legacy system and new system until all users verifies that the new system functions correctly?
A. Parallel implementation
B. Plunge implementation
C. Pilot implementation
D. Phased implementation

Parallel implementation

Which implementation discards the legacy system completely and immediately migrates all users to the new system?
A. Parallel implementation
B. Plunge implementation
C. Pilot implementation
D. Phased implementation

Plunge implementation

Which implementation is a small group of people use the new system until it is verified that it works correctly then the remaining users migrate?
A. Parallel implementation
B. Plunge implementation
C. Pilot implementation
D. Phased implementation

Pilot implementation

Which implementation installs the new system in phases (for example by department) until it is verified that it works correctly?
A. Parallel implementation
B. Plunge implementation
C. Pilot implementation
D. Phased implementation

Phased implementation

What makes system changes to repair design flaws, coding errors, or implementation issues?
A. Corrective maintenance
B. Preventative maintenance
C. Pilot implementation
D. Phased implementation

Corrective maintenance

What makes system changes to reduce the chance of future system failure?
A. Corrective maintenance
B. Preventative maintenance
C. Pilot implementation
D. Phased implementation

Preventative maintenance

Which reports present data that is distributed inside the organization and is intended for employees within an organization?
A. Internal reports
B. Detailed internal reports
C. Summary internal reports
D. Exception reports

Internal reports

Which internal reports present information with little or no filtering or restrictions of the data?
A. Internal reports
B. Detailed internal reports
C. Summary internal reports
D. Exception reports

Detailed internal reports

Which internal reports organize and categorize data for managerial perusal?
A. Internal reports
B. Detailed internal reports
C. Summary internal reports
D. Exception reports

Summary internal reports

Which reports provide an internal report that highlights situations occurring outside of the normal operating range for a condition or standard?
A. Internal reports
B. Detailed internal reports
C. Summary internal reports
D. Exception reports

Exception reports

Which of the following is a business-related consequence of successful software?
A. Increased revenues
B. Damage to brand reputation
C. Increased liabilities
D. Increased expenses

Increased revenues

Which of the following is a business-related consequence of failing software?
A. Decreased productivity
B. Damage to brand reputation
C. Increased liabilities
D. All of the above

All of the above

What is the systems development life cycle?
A. Involves establishing a high-level plan of the intended project and determining project goals
B. Involves analyzing end-user business requirements and refining project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system
C. Involves describing the desired features and operations of the system
D. The overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance

The overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance

What is the overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance?
A. Systems development life cycle
B. Project management
C. Systems management
D. Project development life cycle

Systems development life cycle

Which of the following represents the phases in the SDLC?
A. Plan, analysis, design, test, maintain, develop, implement
B. Analysis, plan, design, test, develop, maintain, implement
C. Plan, analysis, design, develop, test, implement, maintain
D. Analysis, plan, develop, design, test, implement, maintain

Plan, analysis, design, develop, test, implement, maintain

What is the analysis phase in the SDLC?
A. Involves establishing a high-level plan of the intended project and determining project goals
B. Involves analyzing end-user business requirements and refining project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system
C. Involves describing the desired features and operations of the system
D. Involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with the system

Involves analyzing end-user business requirements and refining project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system

Which phase of the SDLC gathers business requirements?
A. Plan
B. Analysis
C. Test
D. Design

Analysis

What is a business requirement?
A. The nonspecific business requests the system must meet to be successful
B. The specific business requests the system must meet to be successful
C. The nonspecific methodology the system must meet to be successful
D. The specific methodology the system must meet to be successful

The specific business requests the system must meet to be successful

What is the design phase in the SDLC?
A. Involves establishing a high-level plan of the intended project and determining project goals
B. Involves analyzing end-user business requirements and refining project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system
C. Involves describing the desired features and operations of the system
D. Involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with the system

Involves describing the desired features and operations of the system

What is the implementation phase in the SDLC?
A. Involves establishing a high-level plan of the intended project and determining project goals
B. Involves analyzing end-user business requirements and refining project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system
C. Involves describing the desired features and operations of the system
D. Involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with the system

Involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with the system

What is a set of policies, procedures, standards, processes, practices, tools, techniques, and tasks that people apply to technical and management challenges?
A. SDLC
B. Methodology
C. Waterfall
D. Agile

Methodology

Which of the following is an issue related to the waterfall methodology?
A. Flaws in accurately defining and articulating the business problem
B. Managing costs, resources, and time constraints
C. Assumes users can specify all business requirements in advance
D. All of the above

All of the above

What consists of a series of tiny projects?
A. Waterfall methodology
B. Iterative development
C. Agile methodology
D. All of the above

Iterative development

Which methodology aims for customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery of useful software components developed by an iterative process with a design point that uses the bare minimum requirements?
A. RAD methodology
B. Agile methodology
C. Waterfall methodology
D. Extreme programming

Agile methodology

Which of the following describes agile?
A. Fast and efficient
B. Small and nimble
C. Lower cost
D. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is not a primary form of agile methodology?
A. RAD
B. SDLC
C. RUP
D. SCRUM

SDLC

What is an activity-based process in which each phase in the SDLC is performed sequentially from planning through implementation and maintenance?
A. RAD methodology
B. Agile methodology
C. Waterfall methodology
D. Extreme programming

Waterfall methodology

What emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system to accelerate the systems development process?
A. RAD methodology
B. Agile methodology
C. Waterfall methodology
D. Extreme programming

RAD methodology

What breaks a project into tiny phases, and developers cannot continue on to the next phase until the first phase is complete?
A. RAD methodology
B. Agile methodology
C. Waterfall methodology
D. Extreme programming

Extreme programming

What is the success rate for a project using the waterfall methodology?
A. 1 in 10
B. 2 in 10
C. 4 in 10
D. 8 in 10

1 in 10

Which of the following is a fundamental of the RAD methodology?
A. Focus initially on creating a prototype that looks and acts like the desired system
B. Actively involve system users in the analysis, design, and development phases
C. Accelerate collecting the business requirements through an interactive and iterative construction approach
D. All of the above

All of the above

Which methodology provides a framework for breaking down the development of software into four gates?
A. SCRUM
B. XP
C. RAD
D. RUP

RUP

Which of the following is not one of the four gates in the RUP methodology?
A. Inception
B. Collaboration
C. Construction
D. Transition

Collaboration

Which gate in the RUP methodology expands on the agreed-upon details of the system, including the ability to provide an architecture to support and build it?
A. Inception
B. Elaboration
C. Construction
D. Transition

Elaboration

Which gate in the RUP methodology includes building and developing the project?
A. Inception
B. Elaboration
C. Construction
D. Transition

Construction

Which methodology is owned by IBM?
A. SCRUM
B. XP
C. RAD
D. RUP

RUP

Which methodology uses small teams to produce small pieces of deliverable software using sprints, or 30-day intervals, to achieve an appointed goal?
A. SCRUM
B. XP
C. RUP
D. RAD

SCRUM

Which methodology ends each day or begins with a stand-up meeting to monitor and control the development effort?
A. Scrum
B. XP
C. RUP
D. RAD

Scrum

How many days is a typical sprint in the Scrum methodology?
A. 2 days
B. 10 days
C. 30 days
D. 90 days

30 days

What are the three primary variables (or triple constraints) in any project?
A. Time, cost, expense
B. Time, expense, requirements
C. Time, cost, scope
D. Time, cost, quality

Time, cost, scope

What is the number one reason that IT projects fall behind schedule or fail?
A. Change in business goals during the project
B. Lack of support from business management
C. Poor planning or poor project management
D. Change in technology during the project

Poor planning or poor project management

Which of the following is a characteristic of a successful project?
A. Delivered on time
B. Delivered within budget
C. Meets the business’s requirements
D. All of the above

All of the above

What is a project?
A. A temporary activity undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result
B. The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations from a project
C. Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project
D. Represent key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed

A temporary activity undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result

What are project deliverables?
A. A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service
B. The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations from a project
C. Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project
D. Represent key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed

Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project

What is a project manager?
A. The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations from a project
B. Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project
C. Represent key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed
D. An individual who is an expert in project planning and management

An individual who is an expert in project planning and management

Which of the following does a project manager perform?
A. Defines and develops the project plan
B. Tracks the plan to ensure all key project milestones are completed on time
C. Expert in project planning and management
D. All of the above

All of the above

What is an internal department that oversees all organizational projects?
A. Project deliverables
B. Project Scope
C. Project management office
D. Project milestones

Project management office

The PMI develops procedures and concepts necessary to support the profession of project management. Which of the following is not one of the three areas it focuses on?
A. The distinguishing characteristics of a practicing professional (ethics)
B. The content and structure of the profession’s body of knowledge (standards)
C. Change in business goals during project planning (management)
D. Recognition of professional attainment (accreditation)

Change in business goals during project planning (management)

Who are individuals and organizations actively involved in the project or whose interests might be affected as a result of project execution or project completion?
A. Project manager
B. Project stakeholders
C. Executive sponsor
D. All of the above

Project stakeholders

Who is the person or group who provides the financial resources for the project?
A. Project manager
B. Project stakeholders
C. Executive sponsor
D. All of the above

Executive sponsor

What defines the how, what, when, and who regarding the flow of project information to stakeholders and is key for managing expectations?
A. Communication plan
B. Executive sponsor
C. Project assumptions
D. Project deliverable

Communication plan

Who is the person or group who provides the financial resources for the project?
A. Project manager
B. Executive sponsor
C. Project assumptions
D. Project deliverable

Executive sponsor

What are factors considered to be true, real, or certain without proof or demonstration?
A. Project plan
B. Project constraints
C. Project assumptions
D. Project deliverable

Project assumptions

What are specific factors that can limit options including budget, delivery dates, available skilled resources, and organizational policies?
A. Project objectives
B. Project constraints
C. Project assumptions
D. Project deliverable

Project constraints

What is any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project?
A. Project milestones
B. Project objectives
C. Project assumptions
D. Project deliverable

Project deliverable

What represents key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed?
A. Project milestones
B. Project objectives
C. Project assumptions
D. Project deliverable

Project milestones

What are quantifiable criteria that must be met for the project to be considered a success?
A. Project milestones
B. Project objectives
C. Project assumptions
D. Project deliverable

Project objectives

What defines the specifications for product/output of the project and is key for managing expectations, controlling scope, and completing other planning efforts?
A. Project milestones
B. Project objectives
C. Project requirements document
D. Project deliverable

Project requirements document

What statement links the project to the organization’s overall business goals. It describes the business need (the problem the project will solve) and the justification, requirements, and current boundaries for the project?
A. Project milestones
B. Project objectives
C. Project scope
D. Project deliverable

Project scope

Who are individuals and organizations actively involved in the project or whose interests might be affected as a result of project execution or project completion?
A. Project stakeholders
B. Project managers
C. Project planners
D. Project testers

Project stakeholders

What defines all project roles and indicates what responsibilities are associated with each role?
A. Communication plan
B. Responsibility matrix
C. Project assumptions
D. Project deliverable

Responsibility matrix

What are project constraints?
A. Specific factors that can limit options
B. Factors that are considered to be true, real, or certain without proof or demonstration
C. Quantifiable criteria that must be met for the project to be considered a success
D. A document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities

Specific factors that can limit options

What are project assumptions?
A. Specific factors that can limit options
B. Factors that are considered to be true, real, or certain without proof or demonstration
C. Quantifiable criteria that must be met for the project to be considered a success
D. A document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities

Factors that are considered to be true, real, or certain without proof or demonstration

What is a project charter?
A. Specific factors that can limit options
B. Factors that are considered to be true, real, or certain without proof or demonstration
C. Quantifiable criteria that must be met for the project to be considered a success
D. A document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities

A document issued by the project initiator or sponsor that formally authorizes the existence of a project and provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities

An organization must identify what it wants to do and how it is going to do it. What does the "what" part of this question focus on?
A. Justification of the project
B. Definition of the project
C. Expected results of the project
D. All of the above

All of the above

An organization must identify what it wants to do and how it is going to do it. What does the "how" part of this question focus on?
A. Justification of the project
B. Definition of the project
C. Analysis of project risks
D. Expected results of the project

Analysis of project risks

Which of the following is not a technique for choosing strategic projects?
A. Categorize projects
B. Perform a financial analysis
C. Focus on organizational goals
D. Develop a project plan

Develop a project plan

What is project scope?
A. Quantifiable criteria that must be met for the project to be considered a success
B. Products, services, or processes that are not specifically a part of the project
C. Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project
D. Defines the work that must be completed to deliver a product with the specified features and functions

Defines the work that must be completed to deliver a product with the specified features and functions

What are project objectives?
A. Quantifiable criteria that must be met for the project to be considered a success
B. Products, services, or processes that are not specifically a part of the project
C. Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project
D. Defines the work that must be completed to deliver a product with the specified features and functions

Quantifiable criteria that must be met for the project to be considered a success

What do SMART criteria for successful objective creation include?
A. Specific, metrics, agreed upon, real, time valued
B. Specific, measurable, agreed upon, realistic, time framed
C. Specific, measurable, accurate, real, time valued
D. Specific, metrics, agreed upon, realistic, time framed

Specific, measurable, agreed upon, realistic, time framed

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a well-defined project plan?
A. Prepared by the project manager
B. Easy to read
C. Appropriate to the project’s size
D. Communicated to all key participants

Prepared by the project manager

What is the most important part of the project plan?
A. Gantt chart
B. Specification
C. Communication
D. None of the above

Communication

What is a graphical network model that depicts a project’s tasks and the relationships between those tasks?
A. Gantt chart
B. PERT chart
C. Dependency
D. All of the above

PERT chart

What is the logical relationship that exists between the project tasks, or between a project task and a milestone?
A. Resource
B. Task
C. Dependency
D. Activity

Dependency

What is a simple bar chart that depicts project tasks against a calendar?
A. Gantt chart
B. PERT chart
C. Dependency
D. All of the above

Gantt chart

What type of chart typically displays the critical path?
A. Gantt chart
B. PERT chart
C. All of the above
D. None of the above

PERT chart

What is the critical path?
A. The path from resource to task that passes through all critical components of a project plan
B. The path between tasks to the projects finish that passes through all critical components of a project plan
C. The path from start to finish that passes through all the tasks that are critical to completing the project in the shortest amount of time
D. The path from start to finish that passes through all the tasks that are critical to completing the project in the longest amount of time

The path from start to finish that passes through all the tasks that are critical to completing the project in the shortest amount of time

In a Gantt chart tasks are listed __________ and the project’s time frame is listed ____________.
A. Vertically, horizontally
B. Horizontally, vertically
C. Vertically, Vertically
D. Horizontally, horizontally

Vertically, horizontally

Which of the following includes a common reason why change occurs?
A. A misunderstanding of the initial scope
B. Shifts in planned technology that force unexpected and significant changes to the business
C. An omission in defining initial scope
D. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is not a guideline for effectively dealing with change management?
A. Institute change management policies
B. Seek change
C. Anticipate change
D. Stop change

Stop change

What is the outsourcing option that includes the most remote location and indirect customer control?
A. Onshore outsourcing
B. Nearshore outsourcing
C. Offshore outsourcing
D. None of the above

Offshore outsourcing

What is the outsourcing option that includes the closest location and direct customer control?
A. Onshore outsourcing
B. Nearshore outsourcing
C. Offshore outsourcing
D. None of the above

Onshore outsourcing

All of the following are challenges of outsourcing, except:
A. Contract length
B. Competitive edge
C. Confidentiality
D. Reduced frustration and expense related to hiring and retaining employees in an exceptionally tight job market

Reduced frustration and expense related to hiring and retaining employees in an exceptionally tight job market

Which of the following is an outsourcing challenge caused by contract length?
A. Difficulties in getting out of a contract
B. Problems in foreseeing future issues
C. Problems in reforming an internal IT department
D. All of the above

All of the above

What is a common approach using the professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain the organization’s information technology systems?
A. In-sourcing
B. Outsourcing
C. Business process outsourcing
D. Offshore outsourcing

In-sourcing

What is an arrangement by which one organization provides a service or services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house?
A. In-sourcing
B. Outsourcing
C. Business process outsourcing
D. Offshore outsourcing

Outsourcing

What is it called when a company uses organizations from developing countries to write code and develop systems?
A. In-sourcing
B. Outsourcing
C. Business process outsourcing
D. Offshore outsourcing

Offshore outsourcing

Which of the following is a benefit an organization can receive from outsourcing?
A. Financial savings
B. Increase technical abilities
C. Market agility
D. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is the primary reason why companies outsource?
A. Tap outside sources of expertise
B. Concentrate resources on core business
C. Reduce headcount and related expenses
D. Better manage the costs of internal processes

Tap outside sources of expertise

Which of the following is the least common reason why companies outsource?
A. Tap outside sources of expertise
B. Concentrate resources on core business
C. Reduce headcount and related expenses
D. Better manage the costs of internal processes

Better manage the costs of internal processes

What is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements?
A. Project management
B. Project management software
C. Scope
D. None of the above

Project management