|
A cell with two of each kind of chromosome. |
Diploid |
|
A cell with one of each kind of chromosome . |
Haploid |
|
What are sperm and egg cells |
Gametes |
|
What are chromosomes that have genes for the same traits in the same order on both chromosomes |
Homologous |
|
Parent cells make gametes in a process called |
Meiosis |
|
A cell created when sperm enters an egg |
Zygote |
|
When nonsister chromatids exchange genes, it is called |
crossing over |
|
All cells, other than sperm or egg cells are called |
somatic cells |
|
The process of joining a sperm cell with an egg cell is called |
fertilization |
|
What is the diploid chromosome number for humans? |
46 |
|
What is the haploid number of chromosomes in humans |
23 |
|
Egg and sperm cells are |
haploid |
|
Somatic cells are |
diploid |
|
Is the chromosome number related to the complexity of the organism? Explain |
No because for example a goldfish has 94 chromosomes, and they obviously aren’t more complex than humans who 46 |
|
When does the process of crossing over occur? |
Prophase 1 |
|
How many daughter cells are created at the end of meiosis 1 |
2 |
|
How many daughter cells are created at the end of meiosis 2, are these cells considered haploid or diploid |
4; haploid |
|
How many chromosomes are present in each cell at the end of meiosis 1 |
23 |
|
How many chromosomes are present in each cell at the end of meiosis 2 |
23 |
|
What is the important outcome of meiosis 1 |
Separation of homologous chromosomes |
|
Why is mitosis important |
Increase genetic diversity in population Create haploid cells that can be used for sexual reproduction |
|
In what 2 ways does meiosis provide genetic variation? |
Crossing over-Multiplies the already huge number of different gamete types produced by independent assortment Independent assortment- produces 2n distinct gametes where n is the number of unique chromosomes. |
|
Tetrads line up at the equator |
metaphase 1 |
|
DNA replication occurs |
interphase |
|
Daughter cells divide forming 4 haploid cells |
telophase 2 |
|
synapsis occurs |
prophase 1 |
|
sister chromatids seperate |
anaphase 2 |
|
crossing over occurs |
prophase 1 |
|
spindle fibers attach to centromeres of tetrads |
metaphase 1 |
|
two daughter cells are created |
telophase 1 |
|
centrioles move to opposite poles |
prophase 2 |
|
homologous pairs seperate |
anaphase 1 |
|
random assortment occurs |
metaphase 1 |
|
no pairing of homologs occurs |
mitosis |
|
two divisions |
meiosis |
|
four daughter cells produced |
meiosis |
|
associated with growth and asexual reproduction |
mitosis |
|
associated with sexual reproduction |
meiosis |
|
one division |
mitosis |
|
two daughter cells produced |
mitosis |
|
involves duplication of chromosomes |
both |
|
chromosome number is maintained |
mitosis |
|
chromosome number is halved |
meiosis |
|
crossing over between homologous chromosome may occur |
meiosis |
|
daughter cells are identical to parent cell |
mitosis |
|
daughter cells are not identical to parent cell |
meiosis |
|
produces gametes |
meiosis |
|
a synapsis occurs in prophase |
meiosis |
Share This
Flashcard
