mastering biology chapter 38

Which part of a plant attracts pollinators?

petals

Which process involves the transfer of pollen grains from an anther to a stigma?

pollination

True or false? The endosperm in a seed develops into the embryo.

false

Which term describes the male gametophytes of flowering plants?

pollen grains

Which structure formed by the male gametophyte allows sperm to reach the ovary of a flowering plant?

pollen tube

How is fertilization in flowering plants different from fertilization in other plant groups?

One sperm nucleus fuses with the egg to form a diploid zygote, whereas the other sperm nucleus fuses with two polar nuclei to form a cell that develops into endosperm.

Which of the following statements about seed formation in a flowering plant is true?

The swellings that develop into cotyledons are located at the end of the embryo on top of the row of single cells.

Why do fleshy fruits often have seeds with very tough seed coats?

So the seeds can survive the mechanical forces and conditions in an animal’s gut

What characterizes the fruit of seeds that are dispersed by the wind?

– They have structures to extend the distance they travel on the wind.
– They are large.
– They are very fleshy.
– They contain a large amount of sugar.

They have structures to extend the distance they travel on the wind.

True or false? Fruits provide food to the developing plant.

false

Which part of a flower develops into the seed?

-Ovule
-Endosperm cell
-Pericarp
-Carpel

ovule

Which term describes the portion of a peach that can be eaten by humans?

– Seed coat
-Endosperm
-Pericarp
-Zygote

pericarp

True or false? The endosperm tissue that nourishes the developing plant has the same nutritional characteristics regardless of the plant species.

false

In angiosperms, each pollen grain produces two sperm. What do these sperm do?

– One fertilizes an egg, and the other combines with two polar nuclei, which develop into stored food cells (endosperm).
– One fertilizes an egg, and the other fertilizes the fruit.
– One fertilizes an egg, and the other is kept in reserve.
– Both sperm fertilize a single egg cell.
– Each one fertilizes a separate egg cell.

One fertilizes an egg, and the other combines with two polar nuclei, which develop into stored food cells (endosperm).

Which of the following is the correct order of floral organs from the outside to the inside of a complete flower?

– sepals → petals → stamens → carpels
– spores → gametes → zygote → embryo
– petals → sepals → stamens → carpels
– sepals → stamens → petals → carpels

sepals → petals → stamens → carpels

A summer occupation in the Corn Belt states is de-tasseling the corn: removing unwanted male flowers so that female flowers on the same plant are pollinated by the desired pollen for the hybrid corn. What does this tell you about corn? The flowers are _____.

-perfect and the plant is monoecious
-imperfect and the plant is monoecious
-imperfect and the plant is dioecious
-perfect and the plant is dioecious

imperfect and the plant is monoecious

Which of the following flower parts develops into a seed?

– stamen
-carpel
-ovule
-ovary

ovule

Among plants known as legumes (beans, peas, alfalfa, clover, for example) the seeds are contained in a fruit that is itself called a legume, better known as a pod. Upon opening such pods, it is commonly observed that some ovules have become mature seeds, whereas other ovules have not. Thus, which of the following statements is (are) true?
1. The flowers that gave rise to such pods were not pollinated.
2. Pollen tubes did not enter all of the ovules in such pods.
3. There was apparently not enough endosperm to distribute to all of the ovules in such pods.
4. The ovules that failed to develop into seeds were derived from sterile floral parts.
5. Fruit can develop, even if all ovules within have not been fertilized.

2 and 5