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All of the following must happen for a disease to occur EXCEPT |
an agent must transmit a disease. |
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Which of the following is NOT a bacterial infection or caused by a bacterial infection? |
Influenza |
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All of the following are true about viruses EXCEPT |
they can reproduce outside of cells. |
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Which of the following is a small form of bacteria carried by ticks that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever? |
Rickettsia |
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Delay in seeking medical care for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) increases the risk of permanent damage and scarring that can lead to |
infertility and ectopic pregnancy |
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Which of the following is caused by an increased production of a yeast like fungus normally present in the vagina? |
Candidiasis |
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The hands are the greatest source of infectious disease transmission. |
True |
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All bacteria can cause disease in humans. |
False |
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Proper use of a condom during sexual activity does not guarantee protection against STIs. |
True |
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HIV can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. |
True |
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Microscopic organisms that are disease-causing agents are called |
pathogens. |
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You want to decrease your risk of developing an infectious disease. Which of the following factors can you control? |
Nutritional status |
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All of the following behaviors will compromise your immune system ability to fight infections EXCEPT |
exercising regularly. |
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Greg frequently gets cold sores (caused by HSV-1). He recently noticed that his left eye had a painful lesion, and he immediately made an appointment with his doctor. Gregs’s eye most likely became infected with the herpes virus when he touched his mouth and shortly afterward rubbed his eye, which is transmission via |
autoinoculation. |
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Every time you eat something that contains yellow dye, you wheeze and get a rash. The dye must be an |
antigen. |
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A rise in body temperature that occurs to destroy invading cells is a(n) |
fever. |
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When the body overreacts to a specific antigen, which is a hypersensitivity reaction, this is a(n) |
allergic response. |
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You suffer from hay fever. The best way for you to minimize or prevent the symptoms of hay fever is to |
avoid exposure to the plants that triggers your symptoms. |
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You woke up this morning with the worst headache of your life and you feel nauseous. . Your neck feels so stiff that you can hardly nod your head. Your roommate says your skin is very hot and you probably have a fever. Which of the following statements is true? |
You have meningitis. Both you and your roommate should contact and go to the student health clinic immediately. |
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Tuberculosis (TB), largely controlled in the United States since 1950, has seen a resurgence in the last 20 years as a result of all the following EXCEPT |
improved sanitation |
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The common cold is always present in the population, meaning that it is |
endemic. |
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Which of the following best describes the relationship between getting a chill and contracting a cold? |
Getting a chill has no effect on a person’s immunity. |
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Mallory spent the summer working at a seafood restaurant in a small costal town. While there, she began a relationship with a man she later discovered was a user of IV drugs. Now Mallory has hepatitis, which type is she most likely to have? |
hepatitis B. |
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Candi was mortified when her doctor told her that she had a protozoal disease. She probably had |
trichomoniasis. |
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A self-replicating protein-based agent that is thought to cause "mad cow disease" is a type of |
prion. |
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David got very ill with an E.coli infection while living on his grandfather’s dairy farm last summer. He could have been infected in all of the following ways EXCEPT |
a mosquito bite. |
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When Maria’s boyfriend returned for the health clinic, he told her he had been diagnosed with gonorrhea. Which of the following statement is true? |
Marie should go to the clinic to get tested for gonorrhea and treated if she has it. |
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Misty, now 31, has been trying to get pregnant since she got married 4 years ago. Her doctor suspects that their infertility problem was likely caused by her history of PID from the most commonly reported STI in the United States. During her early 20s, Misty had contracted |
chlamydia. |
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The stage of syphilis that is characterized by a bacterial-filled chancre is |
secondary syphilis. |
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Betthany is 42 and has cervical cancer. It is probably related to an infection she had during her college years, which was |
syphilis |
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Barry just found out his HIV test is positive. Which of the following statements is true? |
Barry should seek treatment as soon as possible to slow progression of the disease. |
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The major risk factor for chronic bronchitis is |
cigarette smoking. |
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Once a month Jason experiences a headache that is severe, lasts 6-8 hours, and is accompanied by vomiting and extreme sensitivity to light. He most likely has these types of headaches. |
Migraine |
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An antibody is any substance capable of triggering an immune response. |
False |
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Amy contracted the flu. Getting a flu shot now will enable her body to attack and eliminate the flu virus in her system. |
False |
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Rates of most STIs have decreased in recent years. |
False |
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The new human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination prevents only certain types of the human papillomavirus. |
True |
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Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI). |
False |
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Herpes can be cured in its early stages with proper antibiotic treatment. |
False |
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The terms HIV and AIDS are synonymous and can be used interchangeably. |
False |
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