History Review

The Sumerian rulers may be viewed as the first rulers in history to claim to rule by:

divine right.

The Egyptian system of hieroglyphics was:

deciphered by Champollion using the Rosetta Stone.

Which of the following was an important element in the development of early settlements?

the establishment of first local, and then long-distance, trade routes throughout the Near East

Slavery in Sumerian society was:

usually the result of capture during war and limited in some ways.

The Egyptians made notable advances in:

Measuring Time

The earliest ancestors of human beings who used stone to make tools originated in Africa approximately _________ years ago.

2 million

Sargon of Akkad (c. 2350 B.C.E.) is significant because he:

subdued Sumer and exerted influence from Ethiopia to the Indus Valley.

The Law Code of Hammurabi:

had most of its laws aimed at free commoners.

The Egyptians developed elaborate tombs and burial techniques:

to provide the dead with all they would need in the afterlife.

The great Pyramids of Giza, built in the Fourth Dynasty, were:

constructed by thousands of peasant workers who were not slaves.

The civilization that emerged in ancient Egypt arose:

at the same time as that of ancient Sumer.

Temples were central to Sumerian city life because:

they controlled the economy through ownership of warehouses.

although the Neolithic Revolution occurred over a period of several thousand years, it represents a revolutionary shift in the way human beings:

acquired the food necessary for their survival.

Which of the following is not true regarding women in Egyptian society during the Pharaonic period?

They could practice sexual freedom

Why was Mesopotamia an uninviting environment for the first cities?

The soil is sandy, temperatures are hot, and the rivers flood unpredictably.

Since human beings in the Paleolithic period had no domestic animals:

they had no significant wealth beyond what they could carry.

Egyptian society:

consisted of a tiny minority of royalty and nobility and a majority class of laborers, including peasants and artisans.

was the first king to launch wars of aggression in the name of his primary god.

Hammurabi

The Egyptian book _________ is an example of "wisdom literature" offering advice to those in public life.

the Instruction of Ptah-Hotep

Cave paintings, such as those found in Lascaux, France, are evidence of the development of:

language as well as religious and artistic ideas.

Ur grew in power under Shulgi, who expanded all of the following except:

the establishment of a center for artistic development in Akkad.

The important administrator of Pharaoh Djoser who initiated pyramid building in the "step" style was:

Imhotep

Historians typically divide ancient Egyptian history into _________ to facilitate the discussion of Egyptian politics and culture.

Kingdoms and periods

Which comparison between Egypt and Mesopotamian civilizations is FALSE?

Both enjoyed significant political and cultural interactions.

The common religion of the Sumerians:

included many gods, with a different god worshiped in each city-state.

Tens of thousands of Sumerian clay tablets have survived:

telling us more about Sumer than we know about any other human society at the time.

Although early writing was produced using pointed sticks, Sumerian scribes c. 3100 B.C.E. advanced writing with durable reeds that:

produced wedge-like script called cuneiform.

By 2160 B.C.E., the rivalry in Egypt between _________ had become extreme, and each area had its own political organizations and religious preferences.

upper and lower kingdoms

The Akkadian rulers of Sargon and Naram-Sin:

ruled from cities and kept their empires through conquest and commerce.

Jericho, one of the world’s oldest villages, emerged as a seasonal settlement around:

6800 B.C.E.

The two gods most fundamental to Egyptian religious belief were:

Isis and Osiris

Human cultures down to the fourth millennium B.C.E. are referred to as belonging to the Stone Age because they:

Made most of there tools out of stone

Why was life expectancy in early cities shorter than among nomadic hunter-gatherer peoples?

The carbohydrate-rich diet was less nutritious, and cramped housing in the cities resulted in increased chance of accident, smoke inhalation from fires, and increased exposure to infectious diseases.

Shortly before 3000 B.C.E., people in the Near East discovered that bronze could be produced by:

combining copper metal with arsenic or tin.

The method of numbering Egyptian dynasties begins with the _________ Dynasty:

Zero