History-midterm-chapter 9

Which of the following was NOT a way in which westward movement affected the South?

The South had to develop a highly effective railroad system to transport goods from west to east.

What was the most important export from the United States by the mid nineteenth century?

Cotton

During the first half of the nineteenth century, individualism:

was rooted in the idea of self-sufficiency.

What encouraged the building of factories in coastal towns such as New Bedford and even large inland cities such as Chicago by the 1840s?

Steam power meant factories no longer had to be near water falls and rapids to generate the power.

Most of the states that joined the Union in the six years immediately following the War of 1812 were located:

west of the Appalachian Mountains.

According to John O’Sullivan, the "manifest destiny" of the United states to occupy North America could be traced to:

a divine mission.

The American railroad industry in the first half of the nineteenth century:

stimulated the coal mining industry.

The role of a white middle-class woman in antebellum America was primarily to:

focus her energies on the home and children.

Who believed that freedom was an open-ended process of self-realization by which individuals could remake themselves and their own lives?

Ralph Waldo Emerson

The transcendentalist movement:

emphasized individual judgment, not tradition.

The catalyst for the market revolution was a series of innovation in:

transportation and communication.

America’s first commercial railroad was the:

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad

Which denomination enjoyed the largest membership in the United States by the 1840s?

Methodist

Which statement about corporations is FALSE?

The corporation was not a vital component in the new market economy.

The Erie Canal:

was far longer than any other canal in the United States at the time.

The women who protested during the Shoemakers’ Strike in Lynn compared their condition to that of:

slaves

The "American System of manufactures":

owed a great deal to Eli Terry’s development of interchangeable parts in clock making.

How did the market revolution affect the lives of artisans?

Gathered in factories, they faced constant supervision and the breakdown of craftsmanship into specialized tasks.

Which of the following statements related to the Second Great Awakening is FALSE?

The Second Great Awakening popularized Deism.

Which statement about the western settlements is FALSE?

The government discouraged western settlement at every turn.

The cult of domesticity:

led to a decline in birthrates.

The "German triangle" in the mid-nineteenth century referred to:

Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Milwaukee- cities with large German populations.

Which of the following is NOT an example of the significance of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin?

The completion of the Erie Canal allowed the transportation of thousands of pounds of cotton per day.

The Erie Canal gave which city primacy over competing ports in accessing trade with the Northwest?

New York

In Gibbons v. Ogden, the US Supreme Court ruled that:

New York could not grant a monopoly on steamboat navigation between New York and New Jersey.

At the Lowell textile mills:

the owners established lecture halls and churches.

The majority of the nearly 4 million immigrants that entered the United States between 1840 and 1860 were from:

Germany and Ireland.

Which of the following was responsible for the first large-scale American factory, which was built in Massachusetts?

the cutoff of British imports because of the Embargo of 1807 and the War of 1812.

What was the significance of Robert Fulton?

His work in designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible.

Which of the following was NOT a way that the market revolution changed western farming?

Farmers in the Old Northwest used slave labor to expand their production.

Which improvement most dramatically increased the speed and lowered the expense of commerce in the first half of the nineteenth century?

canals and steamboats.

How did the market revolution change the way American conceived of time?

Clocks increasingly regulated the separation of work and leisure time.

The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was:

textiles

Which of the following was not a factor in the nation’s acquisition of Florida from Spain?

Spain’s loss of Haiti in a slave rebellion, which rendered Florida imperially unimportant.

What came to be redefined as a personal moral quality associated more and more closely with women?

virtue

Which of the following helped to increase the visibility and power of the Catholic Church in America in the mid-nineteenth century?

The number of Irish Catholic immigrants grew dramatically.

Which of the following were ways in which westward movement affected the South?

It led to the increased breaking up of slave families and communities. The plantation economy expanded beyond the coastal regions. Transportation and banking remained adjuncts of the plantation system. The South’s agrarian, slave-based social order reproduced itself as settlers went west.

The following statements about corporations are TRUE.

A corporation could fail without ruining its directors and stockholders. A corporation enjoyed special privileges and powers granted in a charter from the government. Corporations were able to raise far more capital than the traditional forms of enterprise. Many Americans distrusted corporate charters as a form of government granted special privilege.

The following statements related to the Second Great Awakening are TRUE.

The Second Great Awakening added a religious underpinning to the celebration of personal self-improvement, self-reliance, and self-determination. Charles Grandison Finney became a national celebrity for his preaching in upstate New York. The Second Great Awakening made American Christianity a mass enterprise. Revivalist ministers seized the opportunities offered by the market revolution to spread their message.

The following statements about western settlements are TRUE.

Settlers often set up farms on land to which they did not have legal title. People cooperated with each other to clear land and build shelters. Americans settled without regard to national boundaries. Improvements in transportation and communication accelerated western settlement.

The following were examples of the significance of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin.

Cotton production increase dramatically in about a quarter of a century. The Atlantic slave trade to the United States expanded in its last few years of existence. The federal government moved to consolidate American control of the Deep South by driving out Native Americans and acquiring Florida. The domestic slave trade grew.

The following are ways that the market revolution changed western farming.

As the West became more settled, western farmers found that they could cater to the market and grow crops they could sell. John Deere’s steel plow made it easier to till larger quantities of soil. Cyrus McCormick’s reaper made it quicker and easier for them to harvest wheat. Eastern banks and insurance companies financed the acquisitions of supplies needed to expand farmland.