HEED 300 Chapter 1

Good health is a means to attain what ultimate goal?

The highest possible quality of life

Which of the following is considered a social determinant of health?

employment status

Which of the following best demonstrates an ecological model of health and wellness?

being aware of hereditary risks and avoiding unhealthy environments and behaviors

One of the hallmarks of community health promotion is its emphasis on improving

common health-related resources.

Which of the following best illustrates a public health measure?

preventing the spread of disease-carrying insects

The aspect of personal health that is most within your control is

lifestyle.

What is the major goal of primary disease-prevention efforts?

Inhibit the development of diseases.

According to the ecological model of health and wellness, which of the following is a factor in a person’s natural physical environment?

air quality

In 2010 approximately ________ percent of the U.S. population were members of racial or ethnic minority groups.

28%

In general, what can American ethnic minority populations expect concerning their health, as compared to the general population?

higher rates of cancer, infant mortality, and alcoholism

Adam’s sister lectures him daily about the threat his smoking poses to his health. She argues that, if he quits, he would improve both his health and his athletic performance. Adam knows his sister is right, but according to the Stages of Change Model, he will actually quit smoking when he reaches the

action stage.

The Stages of Change Model of health behavior change emphasizes that

change happens as a process.

Mackenzie has resolved to start exercising three times a week when her membership at a local gym begins in two weeks. In which stage of change in the Transtheoretical Model is Mackenzie operating?

preparation

In which stage of change in the Transtheoretical Model does an individual intend to change a specific health behavior within the next six months?

contemplation

Which of the following statements best illustrates a sense of self-efficacy?

I can do it.

Which of the following best illustrates a SMART goal?

I will eat my meals on time and limit myself to one snack daily.

17. Which of the following best illustrates an action step?

Beginning next week, I will work out three days a week.

The purpose of making a clinical study double-blind is to

reduce researcher bias.

Which of the following statements is true concerning medical research studies?

Clinical studies attempt to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Of the following, the best type of website on which to research health issues is one that is sponsored by

an educational institution.

Which of the following statements about health risks is FALSE?
A. By definition, a health risk involves the probability or likelihood of an event occurring.
B. A health risk is the probability of exposure to a hazard that can result in negative consequences.
C. All health risks can be avoided.
D. Health risks include factors such as age, gender, family history, income, and education.

C. All health risks can be avoided.

The basic definition of health literacy refers to one’s ability to

obtain and use health information.

Which of the following is NOT a specific national health objective of Healthy People 2020?
A. Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
B. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
C. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
D. Focus on promoting health for older individuals.

D. Focus on promoting health for older individuals.

Healthy People 2020 places increased emphasis on "health determinants," which

include both social and environmental determinants.

What is the purpose of creating a family health tree?

to discover your personal health risks and strengths

Which of the following statements is true regarding family health trees?

Basic information for each relative in the family health tree includes date of birth, major diseases, age, and cause of death.

What information found in a family health tree indicates that a disease might have a genetic link?

appearance of a disease in one family member

Which of the following statements about cells and genes is FALSE?

The sequencing of bases within a gene is of little significance.

Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, includes which of the following?

four bases

When a change occurs in a gene, it is called

a mutation.

Alternative forms of the same gene are called

alleles.

Genetic disorders caused by multiple genes interacting with the environment are called

multifactorial

Heart disease is an example of a multifactorial illness. Which of the following does NOT support this statement?

Random error in the formation of ovum or sperm causes heart disease.