EXS 217 Chap 27

What event occurs during the proliferative phase?

A. menstruation
B. ovulation
C. stratum functionalis is shed
D. enrichment of the blood supply and glandular secretions prepare for reception of an embryo

B. ovulation

During what phase of the female’s uterine (menstrual) cycle is the uterine lining shed?

A. preovulatory phase
B. proliferative phase
C. menstrual phase
D. secretory, or postovulatory, phase

C. menstrual phase

What hormone promotes ovulation?

A. luteinizing hormone (LH)
B. inhibin
C. progesterone
D. leptin

A. luteinizing hormone (LH)

Formation of a secondary oocyte occurs during __________.

A. pregnancy
B. the follicular phase
C. ovulation
D. the luteal phase

B. the follicular phase

A surge in __________ directly triggers ovulation.

A. estrogen
B. luteinizing hormone (LH)
C. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D. progesterone

B. luteinizing hormone (LH)

During the secretory phase of the uterine cycle __________.

A. the functional layer of the endometrium regenerates
B. the endometrium is shed
C. ovulation occurs
D. the endometrium prepares for implantation

D. the endometrium prepares for implantation

Which of the following is an effect of estrogen in females?

A. promotes lactation
B. promotes oogenesis
C. suppresses the effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
D. promotes water loss (diuresis)

B. promotes oogenesis

Amenorrhea can occur in women engaged in extremely strenuous physical activity, and also occurs in women who ______.

A. are pregnant
B. are overweight for a prolonged period of time
C. participate in normal physical activity
D. All of the listed responses are correct.

A. are pregnant

What is the role of the corpus luteum?

A. to stimulate the female sexual response
B. to produce the primary oocytes
C. to produce hormones that maintain the uterine lining during the first months of pregnancy
D. ovulation

C. to produce hormones that maintain the uterine lining during the first months of pregnancy

Effects of estrogen include ________.

A. growth of the larynx
B. deepening of the voice
C. growth of the breasts at puberty
D. increased oiliness of the skin

C. growth of the breasts at puberty

Which is not a part of the proliferative phase of the female menstrual cycle?

A. development of endometrial cells
B. corpus luteum
C. vesicular follicle growth
D. late in this phase, cervical mucus becomes thin and crystalline

B. corpus luteum

During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle ________.

A. progesterone levels are at their highest
B. estrogen reaches its highest levels
C. LH reaches its highest levels
D. the Graafian follicle forms

A. progesterone levels are at their highest

Select the correct statement about the uterine cycle.

A.During the proliferative phase, levels of progesterone rise as the follicle begins to produce more hormone.
B. The menstrual phase of the cycle is normally from day 1 to day 8.
C. During the secretory phase, estrogen levels are at their highest.
D. If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone secreted by the developing embryo.

D. If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum is maintained by a hormone secreted by the developing embryo.

Normally menstruation occurs when ________.

A.blood levels of estrogen and progesterone increase
B. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease
C. the corpus luteum secretes estrogen
D. blood levels of FSH fall off

B. blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease

Which of the following will occur after ovulation?

A. The secretion of anterior pituitary gonadotropins is enhanced.
B. The corpus luteum secretes estrogen only.
C. The endometrium enters its secretory phase.
D. The corpus luteum prepares to become a corpus albicans.

B. The corpus luteum secretes estrogen only

Which hormone is absolutely necessary for ovulation to occur?

A. estrogen
B. FSH
C. progesterone
D. LH

D. LH

Select the correct statement about the hormonal events of the ovarian cycle.

A. The follicle begins to secrete progesterone in response to estrogen stimulation.
B. High estrogen levels result in a surge of LH release.
C. Rising levels of estrogen start follicle development.
D. The LH surge stimulates further development of the secondary oocyte.

B. High estrogen levels result in a surge of LH release.

Which of the following statements about the female reproductive process is not true?

A. Rebuilding the endometrium is under the control of prolactin.
B. Ovulation usually occurs 14 days after the beginning of menses.
C. The monthly discharge of the uterus (menses) is initiated by the decrease in secretion of female hormones.
D. Fertilization usually occurs in the uterine tubes.

A. Rebuilding the endometrium is under the control of prolactin.

Which of the following phases or processes in the monthly reproductive cycle of the female occur simultaneously?

A. maximal LH secretion and menstruation
B. early follicular development and the secretory phase in the uterus
C. regression of the corpus luteum and a decrease in ovarian progesterone secretion
D. maximal steroid secretion by the corpus luteum and menstruation

C. regression of the corpus luteum and a decrease in ovarian progesterone secretion

What is the product of spermatogenesis?

A. formation of haploid spermatozoa
B. formation of semen
C. development of the male reproductive organs
D.capacitation of spermatozoa

A. formation of haploid spermatozoa

Which of the following hormones stimulates the release of anterior pituitary gonadotropins?

A. LH
B. testosterone
C. GnRH
D. FSH

C. GnRH

Erection of the penis results from ________.

A. a parasympathetic reflex
B. a sympathetic reflex
C. parasympathetic activation of the bulbo-urethral glands
D. dilation of the veins in the penis

A. a parasympathetic reflex

Select the correct statement about male sexual response.

A. Erection is the result of vascular spaces in the erectile tissues filling with blood.
B. Ejaculation is the result of parasympathetic stimulation.
C. Sympathetic impulses are responsible for causing penile arteriolar dilation, resulting in erection.
D. Expansion of the penile tissues results in dilation of the venous outflow.

A. Erection is the result of vascular spaces in the erectile tissues filling with blood.

What part of the female duct system is the usual site of fertilization of the ovulated oocyte?

A. cervical canal
B. vagina
C. uterine (fallopian) tube (oviduct)
D. uterus

C. uterine (fallopian) tube (oviduct)

Which layer of the uterine wall is made of smooth muscle?

A. mesometrium
B. myometrium
C. perimetrium
D. endometrium

B. myometrium

Specifically, what encloses the vestibule which houses the openings of the urethra and vagina?

A. labia majora
B. fourchette
C. labia minora
D. clitoris

C. labia minora

Which structure of the female’s external genitalia has erectile tissue like the penis?

A. vulva
B. mons pubis
C. labia majora
D. clitoris

D. clitoris

What are the two fatty, hair-covered skin folds that run posteriorly from the mons pubis?

A. clitoris
B. labia minora
C. labia majora
D. greater vestibular glands

C. labia majora

What part of the breast produces milk?

A. lactiferous ducts
B. areola
C. lactiferous sinus
D. alveoli

D. alveoli

The mammary glands belong to which of the following systems?

A. endocrine system
B. reproductive system
C. integumentary system
D. immune system

C. integumentary system

What is the pigmented ring of skin situated slightly below the center of each breast?

A. sebaceous glands
B. lactiferous ducts
C. lobe
D. areola

D. areola

Which of the following conditions might contribute to an increased probability of having an ectopic pregnancy?

A. reduced blood flow to the ovaries
B. decreased number of cilia in the uterine tubes
C. reduced number of granulosa cells
D. decreased rate of formation of vesicular follicles

B. decreased number of cilia in the uterine tubes

In cervical cancer, which cancer cells that cover the cervical tip are most likely to be abnormal?

A. columnar epithelial cells
B. squamous epithelial cells
C. cuboidal epithelial cells
D. transitional epithelial cells

B. squamous epithelial cells

The primary function of the uterus is to ________.

A. protect the ovaries
B. synthesize female hormones
C. receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum
D. regulate the ovarian and menstrual cycles

C. receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum

Fertilization generally occurs in the ________.

A. ovary
B. uterus
C. uterine tubes
D. vagina

C. uterine tubes

Which of the following female structures is homologous to the male scrotum?

A. vagina
B. labia minora
C. clitoris
D. labia majora

D. labia majora

Which of the choices below is not a function of the vagina?

A. receives semen from the penis during sexual intercourse
B. serves as the birth canal
C. serves as a passageway for the primary oocyte
D. serves as a passageway for menstrual flow

C. serves as a passageway for the primary oocyte

Which of the following statements is true concerning the mammary glands of both males and females?

A. Both sexes are equally prone to breast cancer.
B. The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system.
C. The only time hormones target breast tissue is during pregnancy and lactation.
D. All lumps identified in breast tissue are malignant.

B. The mammary glands are modified sweat glands that are actually part of the integumentary system.

Which of the following is a correct statement about uterine tubes?

A. The ampulla is the narrow constricted region.
B. The isthmus is the normal site of fertilization.
C. The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped region near the ovary.
D. The mesometrium supports the uterine tubes along their entire length.

C. The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped region near the ovary.

Which of the following is the site where sperm are stored until they are ejaculated?

A. rete testis
B. tail of the epididymis
C. seminiferous tubule
D. body of the epididymis

B. tail of the epididymis

Which cells produce androgens such as testosterone?

A. sustentocytes (Sertoli cells)
B. interstitial endocrine (Leydig) cells
C. myoid cells
D. spermatogenic cells

B. interstitial endocrine (Leydig)

Which of the following is housed within the spermatic cord?

A. testicular arteries and veins
B. rete testis
C. epididymis
D. seminiferous tubules

A. testicular arteries and veins

Which portion of the penis is removed through a procedure known as circumcision?

A. crus of the penis
B. glans penis
C. prepuce (foreskin)
D. bulb of the penis

C. prepuce (foreskin)

Which of these male accessory ducts transports both sperm and urine?

A. urethra
B. ejaculatory duct
C. epididymis
D. ductus (vas) deferens

A. urethra

During vasectomy, what accessory duct is cut as a form of birth control?

A. urethra
B. ejaculatory duct
C. ductus (vas) deferens
D. epididymis

C. ductus (vas) deferens

Sperm is produced in the __________ of the testes.

A. tunica albuginea
B. myoid cells
C. seminiferous tubules
D. tunica vaginalis

C. seminiferous tubules

Sperm are stored in the __________.

A. ejaculatory duct
B. epididymis
C. ductus deferens
D. seminiferous tubules

B. epididymis

Why are the male testes located in the scrotum outside the body?

A. Immature sperm are temperature sensitive.
B. The testes develop better outside the body.
C. It helps the male secondary sexual characteristics develop.
D. Their external location is necessary for penile development.

A. Immature sperm are temperature sensitive.

The dartos and cremaster muscles are important to the integrity of the male reproductive system. Which of the following is true about the role they play?

A. They regulate the temperature of the testes.
B. They contract to allow ejaculation.
C. They are responsible for penile erection.
D. They contract to push sperm along the ductus deferens.

A. They regulate the temperature of the testes.

The ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferens is due to ________.

A. peristaltic contractions
B. hormonal action
C. enzymatic activity
D. gravity

A. peristaltic contractions

Which of the following glands are responsible for about 70% of the volume of semen?

A. the pituitary
B. the bulbo-urethral glands
C. the seminal glands
D. the prostate

C. the seminal glands

How do the testes respond to exposure to excessive body warmth?

A. They move close to the pelvic cavity.
B. They move away from the pelvic cavity.
C. Excessive warmth is actually beneficial in that it speeds up the maturation of sperm.
D. Excessive warmth has no effect on the testicles because of their location in the scrotum

B. They move away from the pelvic cavity.

The cells that produce testosterone in the testis are called ________.

A. sustenocytes
B. spermatocytes
C. spermatogonia
D. interstitial endocrine cells

D. interstitial endocrine cells

The duct system of the male reproductive system does not include the ________.

A. corpus spongiosum
B. ductus deferens
C. urethra
D. epididymis

A. corpus spongiosum

Prostate cancer is _______.

A. the number-one cause of death in men
B. most common in Asians
C. often the result of a distortion of the urethra
D. sometimes a slow-growing cancer that may never represent a threat to the patient

D. sometimes a slow-growing cancer that may never represent a threat to the patient

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