EMT- Chapter 24

A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain?

Energy transmission to the spine

A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:

stabilize her entire spine

A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then:

assess for an exit wound

According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she:

has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma

According to the Association of Air Medical Services, you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if:

traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome

Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during:

lateral collisions

Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of:

intracranial bleeding

Force acting over a distance is the definition of:

work

The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as:

your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries

When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that:

primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked

When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that:

osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position

When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy:

quadruples

Which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41-year-old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal?

A Level I or Level II trauma center

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma?

Deployment of the air bag

Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash?

Aortic rupture

Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma?

Rapid transport to a trauma center

Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct?

The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced

Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts?

Rotational and rollover

While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced:

neck and facial injuries

Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is:

9

Kinetic energy is a calculation of:

weight and speed/ mass and velocity

A 20-year old man has major open facial injuries after his vehicle struck a tree head-on. Which of the following findings within the car would MOST likely explain his injury pattern?

non intact windshield

Deployed airbag

typically results in abrasions of the face, head, and arms

Bent steering wheel

typically indicates the presence of chest injuries (blunt abdominal trauma)

Crushed instrument panel

typically indicates the presence of leg and hip injuries (trauma to the pelvis)

Which of the following would MOST likely result from the third collision in the "three collision" effect that occurs during a high-speed, frontal impact motor vehicle crash?

Aortic rupture or compression injury to the brain

Extensive damage to automobile would occur in

first collision

Flail chest and lower extremity fractures would occur in

second collision

Massive external trauma would occur in

second collision

A young male experienced severe blunt chest trauma when his passenger car struck another vehicle head on. During your inspection of the interior of his vehicle, you should most likely find:

steering wheel deformity

An unrestrained driver collided with a bridge pillar. Upon inspection of the interior of his vehicle, you note that the lower dashboard is crushed. During your assessment of the patient, you will MOST likely encounter:

trauma to the pelvis

Penetrating thoracic trauma is usually caused by:

flying debris, collision with parts of the vehicle, or other movable objects

Whiplash injuries are MOST common following _________ impacts

rear-end

Rollover impacts typically cause

life-threatening injuries

Frontal impacts typically cause

chest, head, abdominal, and extremity injuries

Lateral impacts typically cause

lateral chest and abdominal injuries on the side of impact, as well as pelvic injuries

Death from a rollover motor vehicle crash is MOST often secondary to:

ejection of the patient from the motor vehicle

Severe abrasion injuries can occur when motorcycle riders are slowed after a collision by road drag. Road drag is most often associated with which type of motorcycle impact?

Ejection

When assessing a stab wound, it is important for the EMT to remember that:

more internal damage may be present than the external wound suggests

A 40-year old man was standing near a building when it exploded. He has multiple injuries, including a depressed skull fracture, severe burns, and an impaled object in his abdomen. His head injury was MOST likely caused by _________ blast injuries.

tertiary

Primary blast injuries are caused by and include?

pressure wave and include ruptured eardrums and hollow organ rupture

Secondary blast injuries are caused by and include?

flying debris and include impaled objects and shrapnel injuries

Tertiary blast injuries are caused by and include?

occur when the victim is thrown into a solid object resulting in blunt trauma to virtually any part of the body

Quaternary blast injuries include

burns, respiratory injuries, and crush injuries