Development Psych ch-9 Strassen

Menarche is:

a girl’s first menstrual period.

In general, adolescent egocentrism refers to the:

view that one is noticed by everyone.

The first hormones to begin the process of puberty are triggered in the child’s:

hypothalamus.

Body chemicals that regulate sleep, moods, hunger, and stress are called:

hormones.

Xavier, 16, invites a group of his high school friends to swim in a neighbor’s pool late at night while that neighbor is away. They climb the fence and jump in, playing wildly and loudly in the water. Just a few minutes later, the police arrive. How does adolescent brain development help explain Xavier’s poor decision making?

His prefrontal cortex is underdeveloped.

Many adolescents feel that their own thoughts and experiences are far more extraordinary than those of other people. This is part of their:

personal fable.

For boys, the event that most closely parallels menarche is:

spermarche.

Piaget called the reasoning that characterizes adolescence:

formal operational thought.

The period when children’s bodies become adultlike is called:

puberty.

Changes in primary sex characteristics include:

growth of the uterus or the testes.

For both girls and boys, puberty typically begins as young as _____ years of age or as late as _____ years of age.

8; 14

The day-night cycle that occurs approximately every 24 hours is the:

circadian rhythm.

Typically, the adolescent who will probably find puberty MOST difficult is:

Katya(Female), an early maturer.

Marsha says, There is no way I am going to school today with this bruise on my cheek. Everybody is going to laugh at me. Marsha is demonstrating:

her belief in an imaginary audience.

The term imaginary audience refers to adolescents’:

belief that everyone is watching their behavior and appearance.

_____ is the sex hormone secreted in greater amounts by males than females.

Testosterone

For boys, the usual sequence of physical changes in puberty is:

growth of the testes; initial pubic hair growth; growth of the penis; spermarche.

The sequence of puberty hormone production that originates in the brain and ends with glands located atop the kidneys is known by the acronym:

HPA axis.

Research indicates that female children who experienced a great deal of _____ while very young also experienced early puberty.

stress

Patty is 5 feet tall and weighs 87 pounds yet when she looks in the mirror, she sees an overweight girl. She does aerobics for two hours daily and eats very little. Patty MOST likely suffers from:

anorexia nervosa.

Estradiol

Sex hormone, considered the chief estrogen. Females produce more than males do

Testosterone

Sex hormone, best known of the androgen. Secreted in far greater amounts by males than females.

Primary Sex Characteristics

Parts of the body that one directly involved in reproduction.

Secondary Sex Characteristics

Physical traits that are not directly involved in reproduction, but indicates sexual maturity e.g, Man’s beard, women’s breasts.

Body image

A person’s idea of how his/her body looks.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by self-starvation.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating & purging. Usually involves vomiting & over use of laxatives.

Logic Shut-Down

When stress, arousal passion, sensory bombardment, etc. is extreme, the adolescent brain is overtaken by impulses that might shame adults.

Formal operational thought: Piaget

Fourth & final stage of cognitive development. Characterized by more systematic logic & the ability to think about abstract ideas.

Hypothetical thought

Reasoning that includes propositions & possibilities that may not reflect reality.

Deductive reasoning

Reasoning from a general statement, premise, or principle (Top-down Reasoning).

Inductive reasoning

Reasoning from one or more specific experiences or facts to a general conclusion; may be less cognitively advanced than deduction (bottom-up reasoning).

Latisha experienced menarche when she was 8 years old. She experienced:

Precocious puberty.