Chapter 4 History 207A

All of the following statements are true of the Atlantic trade in the eighteenth century EXCEPT:

Although important, slave-grown crops actually accounted for only a small portion of the value of the trade

As salve society consolidated in Chesapeake region, what happened to free blacks?

The lost many of their rights

Deists concluded that the best form of religious devotion was to:

Study the workings of nature

Deists shared the ideas of eighteenth-century European Enlightenment thinkers, namely that:

Science could uncover God’s laws that governed the natural order

During the eighteenth century, British patriotism:

Celebrated individual freedom and the rule of law

During the eighteenth century, colonial assemblies :

Became more assertive

Georgia was established by James Oglethorpe, whose causes included improved conditions for imprisoned debtors and the abolition of:

Slavery

How did colonial politics compare with British politics?

Colonists tended to agree with the British that owning property was related to having the right to vote.

How did John Locke reconcile his belief in natural rights and his support for slavery?

He believed that the free individual in liberal thought was the propertied white man.

In the Chesapeake region, slavery:

rapidly became the dominant labor system after 1680

In the eighteenth century, the Spanish empire in North America:

rested economically on trading with and extracting labor from surviving Native Americans

In the northern colonies, slaves:

were relatively few in number and dispersed among the white population in small holdings.

In the portrait of Olaudah Equiano in book, Equiano holds a:

Bible

It is estimated that between _____ percent of adult white men could vote in eighteenth-century colonial British America.

50 and 80

John Locke’s political philosophy stressed:

a contract system between the people and the government.

John Peter Zenger’s libel trial:

probably would not have ended in his acquittal if he had attacked someone other than the colonial governor.

Neolin, a Delaware Indian and religious prophet, helped inspire _____ Rebellion in 1763.

Pontiac’s

Olaudah Equiano:

wrote the eighteenth century’s most widely read account by a slave of a slave’s own experiences.

Pontiac’s Rebellion:

although named for an Ottawa warrior, owed its origins as much to the teachings of a religious prophet.

Property qualifications for holding office:

meant that the landed gentry wielded considerable power in colonial legislatures.

Revivalist preachers during the Great Awakening frequently:

criticized commercial society

Slave resistance in the eighteenth century:

included rebellions in both northern and southern colonies that led to the deaths of several of those involved in planning the conspiracies

The 1741 panic in New York City that led to 34 executions was sparked by:

a series of fires

The American Philosophical Society in its modest beginnings was called

The Junto

The American Version of the Enlightenment:

had no impact on religion

The assumption among ordinary people that wealth, education, and social prominence carried with them a right to public office was called

deference

The British concept of liberty:

included both formal restraints on authority and a collection of specific rights

The British Country Party:

sought to stop corruption in British politics

The development of rice plantations in South Carolina

led to a black majority in the colony by the 1730s

The early South Carolina economy focused on the export of deerskins and furs to England as well s on

the export of Indians slaves to the Caribbean

The English finally became successful in defeating the French in the Seven Years’ War under the leadership of:

William Pitt

The French and Indian War began because some American colonists felt that:

France was encroaching on land claimed by the Ohio Company

The French in North America

included a significant number of Nova Scotians who relocated to southern Louisiana, creating the group known as Cajuns

The idea of liberalism in eighteenth-century British politics:

was compatible with inequalities in wealth and well-being

The language (with mixed African roots) spoken by African-American slaves on the rice plantations of South Carolina and Georgia during the eighteenth century was known as:

Gullah

The language of British liberty:

was used by humble members of society as well as by the elite

The most famous great Awakening revivalist minster was:

George Whitefield

The most successful colonial governors

used their appointive powers and control of land grants to win allies in colonial legislatures

The Old Plantation, a late-eighteenth century-watercolor, depicts slave dancing. What does the portrait reveal?

Slaves mixed both African and European-American cultures

The participants in South Carolina’s Stono Rebellion:

included some of apparently had been soldiers in Africa

The task system:

assigned slaves daily jobs and allowed them free time upon completion of those jobs

Tobacco plantations in the Chesapeake region:

helped make the Chesapeake colony models of mercantilism

What did Junípero Serra hope to do in California?

Convert Indians to Christianity and to settled farming

What did Neolin tell his people they must reject?

European technology and material goods

What did the British acquire from the Netherlands in the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713?

The right to transport slaves from Africa to Spain’s New World colonies

What did the Paxton Boys demand?

That the Indians be removed from Pennsylvania

What was the primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?

To bring stability to the colonial frontier

Which issue divided colonial governors appointed by the king and legislatures elected by colonists?

To deal with a scarcity of gold and silver coins, legislatures supported printing paper money despite opposition form the governors.

Which of the following is a true statement about the Atlantic slave trade’s effect in West Africa?

It helped lead to the rise of militarized states in West Africa, whose large armies preyed upon their neighbors in order to capture slaves.

Which of the following is NOT true of the Great Awakening?

Its more subdued style of preaching appealed to a wider audience than the older, bombastic style employed by the Puritans.

Which of the following is true of eighteenth century slavery in South Carolina and Georgia?

Plantations slaves enjoyed far more autonomy than they did in other colonies, allowing them to maintain more of they African culture.

Which of the following was a consequence of the Seven Year’s War?

It strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire

Which of the following was true of Georgia?

Colonists sought self-government to gain the right to introduce slavery.

Which one of the following did NOT contribute to the expansion of the public sphere during the eighteenth century?

the founding of the California missions

Which one of the following statements about slaves in the Chesapeake is FLASE?

Slave communities remained distinctly African in culture

Which one of the following statements is NOT true of the slave trade in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world?

Slightly more than half of slaves from Africa were taken to mainland North America (what became the United States).

Who drafted Albany Plan of Union?

Benjamin Franklin

Why was slavery less prevalent in the northern colonies?

The small farms of the northern colonies did not need slaves.

"Republicanism" in the eighteenth-century Anglo-American political world emphasized the importance of ______ as the essence of liberty.

active participation in public life by property-owning citizens.

"Salutary neglect" meant:

British governments left the colonies largely alone to govern themselves.