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The United States stockpiled more than 10,000 weapons by 1971. When did the Soviet Union reach the same number of nuclear weapons? |
1990 |
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When did stockpiles of strategic nuclear weapons begin to decline in the United States? |
the mid 1990s |
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Which countries remained under Soviet control after the end of World War II? |
Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria |
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Who first spoke of the "iron curtain"? |
Winston Churchill |
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One goal of the Marshall Plan was to |
make European countries strong enough to start buying American goods. |
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In order to try to gain control over West Berlin, the Soviet Union |
set up a total blockade cutting off that section of the city. |
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NATO and the Warsaw Pact were examples of |
military alliances made for "collective security." |
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In China’s civil war, the United States backed |
the Nationalists, led by Jiang Jieshi. |
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In 1950, what event began the conflict on the Korean peninsula? |
The North Korean army invaded south of the 38th parallel. |
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General MacArthur chose what port city for a counterattack against North Korea? |
Inchon |
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How did the American public view General MacArthur after President Truman fired him? |
They still saw him as a hero. |
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What impact did the Korean War have on U.S. budgets? |
Military spending increased and became a larger proportion of future budgets. |
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What happened on September 2, 1949, that caused a sudden change in U.S.-Soviet relations? |
The Soviet Union set off an atomic bomb. |
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After President Eisenhower withdrew his offer to fund the Aswan Dam, Egyptian President Nasser |
nationalized the Suez Canal. |
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John Foster Dulles, Eisenhower’s secretary of state |
promoted the policy of brinkmanship. |
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What made it unlawful yo teach about or advocate the violent overthrow of the US government? |
Smith Act |
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General in charge of US forces in the Korean War |
Douglas MacArthur |
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American diplomat who stressed the need to contain communism within its current borders |
George Kennan |
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Weaker country under the control of a stronger country |
satellite state |
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Allowed the FBI to screen federal employees for signs of disloyalty |
Federal Employee Loyalty Program |
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How was Khrushchev different from Stalin? |
He was less cruel and suspicious. |
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The CIA participated in the Cold War by |
carrying out secret operations in other countries. |
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What was one place on the globe where the Cold War was "hot" and U.S. soldiers fought and died? |
Korea |
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In 1954, after he had worked on developing the atomic bomb, J. Robert Oppenheimer was investigated and denied future access to classified information because |
he had friends and family who belonged to the Communist Party |
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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were charged, convicted, and executed specifically for |
passing secrets about nuclear science to the Soviets. |
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Where did Senator McCarthy first announce that the State Department was infested with communists? |
at a campaign rally |
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What led to Senator McCarthy’s downfall? |
the broadcast of the McCarthy hearings on television |
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In response to NATO, with whom did the Soviet Union form the Warsaw Pact? |
Eastern European nations |
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A reason for communist victory in China |
The Nationalists were reluctant to fight. |
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Why did the United States send several billion dollars to aid the Nationalists in China? |
because leaders feared that a Nationalist defeat would create a communist superpower |
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What event in 1956 threatened the flow of Middle Eastern oil to Europe? |
Khrushchev becoming leader of the U.S.S.R. |
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What was the Eisenhower Doctrine? |
The United States would use force to help any Middle Eastern nation threatened by communism. |
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What was HUAC responsible for? |
holding hearings about communist ties to the entertainment industry |
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What was a result of the Hollywood Ten trial? |
Movie executives blacklisted entertainers with alleged communist ties after the hearings. |
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term used to describe extreme, reckless charges |
McCarthyism |
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war to achieve specific goals rather than the total defeat of the enemy |
limited war |
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endless race to acquire greater numbers of more and more powerful weapons |
arms race |
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fear of communists, both outside and within the United States |
Red Scare |
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having so many weapons that both sides would be totally destroyed in an all-out war |
Mutual Assured Destruction |
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