chapter 12 psychology

If a jury member voted "guilty" because the defendant had "shifty eyes" and not because of any of the evidence presented, he or she is demonstrating:

peripheral-route processing

A police officer comes to Jane’s office to discuss personal safety with the employees there. Despite the seriousness of his message, the police officer jokes and laughs with the employees. Jane nevertheless takes what she learned seriously and begins to pay more attention to her safety. Jane used ______ when receiving the officer’s message.

central-route processing

Attitudes are:

poor predictors of actual behavior

Sheri’s coworker, Stephanie, is very afraid of spiders and screams every time she sees one in the warehouse. After a few weeks of working closely with Stephanie in the warehouse, Sheri is afraid of spiders, too. This is an example of:

vicarious conditioning

Mei Ling was not interested in seeing a movie that her friends told her about until she actually saw the trailer for the film on a huge movie screen. The factor most likely responsible for persuading Mei Ling to change her attitude toward the movie is the _______.

medium

Kayla decided to drink at the party simply because everyone else seemed to be doing it. Kayla’s behavior is an example of _______.

conformity

The "learner" in Milgram’s study:

was an actor following a carefully prepared script.

When a person changes his or her own behavior to more closely match the actions of others, this is:

conformity

People are less likely to be susceptible to the foot-in-the-door technique:

in collectivist cultures

Researchers examining Milgram’s work have:

not found any one trait or group of traits that will predict obedience in situations such as in Milgram’s study

Nick wanted his friend Jason to go skiing with him for the day. Jason didn’t want to go because he said it would cost too much money. Nick said it would just cost $20. When they got there, lift tickets cost $20 as Nick had said, but Jason also had to pay for parking, ski rentals, and rental insurance. Nick used the:

lowball technique

Sherif’s 1936 study of conformity involved:

asking participants to report the movement of a single point of light in a darkened room

In Asch’s line experiment, participants:

conformed to the group answer slightly more than one third of the time

Social loafing can be explained by the fact that:

it is easier for a lazy person to hide laziness when working in a group of people

The presence of others heavily influences helping behavior when a situation is:

ambiguous

The area of the brain that controls aggressive responses is the:

amygdala

In the Latane and Darley smoke-filled room study, participants were most likely to report the smoke when:

they were the only ones in the room

In Sternberg’s model, intimacy, passion, and commitment are all present in:

consummate love

Researchers found that reciprocity of liking doesn’t work when:

a person suffers from feelings of low self-worth

Lashonda is a gifted pianist and is looking for a boyfriend who loves music. Lashonda is focusing on which factor of interpersonal attraction?

similarity

When Jane Elliot divided her class into two groups based on eye color:

the test scores of the out-group dropped

Carl knows that his boss, Judy, has a stereotyped opinion of him because of his race. The effect on Carl of this knowledge is:

stereotype vulnerability

The "jigsaw classroom":

is a technique that gives each individual only part of the information needed to solve a problem, so they must work with others to find the solution.

Most people associate the term cult with:

a fringe group