Chapter 1 Medical Terminology

algia

pain, suffering

-dys

bad, difficult or painful

ectomy

surgical removal, cutting off

hyper

excessive, increased

hypo

deficient, decreased

itis

inflammation

osis

abnormal condition, disease

ostomy

the surgical creation of an artifical opening to the body surface

otomy

cutting, surgical incision

plasty

surgical repair

rrhage

bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge

rrahaphy

surgical suturing

rrhea

flow, discharge

rrhexis

ruture

sclerosis

abnormal hardening

Cyanosis (sigh-ah-NOH-sis)

blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood ( cyan means blue, and -osis means abnormal condition or disease).

erythrocyte

is a mature red blood cell ( erythr/o means red, and -cyte means cell).

Gastroenteritis

is an inflammation of the stomach and small intestine.

Neuroplasty

is the surgical repair of a nerve.

Neurorrhaphy

is suturing together the ends of a severed nerve.

Tonsillitis

an inflammation of the tonsils

tonsillectomy

the surgical removal of the tonsils

cranium

portion of the skull that encolses the brain

gatrosis

diesease of the stomach

pathology

the study of all aspects of diseases

gastraligia

pain in the stomach

gastrodynia

also known as pain in the stomach but not uses as often

hepatomegaly

abnormal enlargement of the liver

ateriomalacia

abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or ateries

arterionecrosis

abnormal narrowing of the walls of an artery or arteries

arteriosclerosis

abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries

abdominocentesis

surgical punture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid

angiography

process of producing a radiographic study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible

angiogram

resulting film that is produced by angiography

myoplasty

surguical repair of a muscle

arthroscopy

visual examination of the internal structure of a joint

hemorrhage

loss of a large amount of blood in a short time

myorrhaphy

surgical suturing of a muslce wound

diarrhea

frequent flow of loose or watery stools

myorrhexis

ruture of a muscle

natal

pertaining to birth

ab

away from, negatice, absent

ad

toward, to, in the direction of

dectr/o

right side

sinistr/o

left side

ex

out of, outside, away from

in

in, into, not, without

macro

large, abnormal size, or long

micro

micro-small

Prenatal

means the time and events before birth ( pre- means before, nat means birth, and -al means pertaining to).

preinatal

refers to the time and events surrounding birth ( peri- means surrounding, nat means birth, and -al means pertaining to). This is the time just before, during, and just after birth.

Postnatal

refers to the time and events after birth ( post- means after, nat means birth, and -al means pertaining to).

eu

good, normal, well or easy

abnomal

not normal or away from normal

addiciton

being drawn toward or having a strong dependence on a drug substance

otorhinolaryngology

study of the ear nose and throat

lithotomy

surgical incision for the removal of a stone

edema

swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the cells, tissues, or cavaties of the body

appendicitis

inflammation of the appendix

sign

objective evidence of disease, such as a fever.

symptom

subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache

syndrome

is a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process.

endarterial

pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery

atheroma

fatty deposit within the wall of an artery

arthalgia

pain in the joint or joints

appendectomy

surgical removal of the appendix

colostomy

surgical creation of an artificial exvretory opening between the colon and the body surgace

fissure

grove or crack like sore of the skin

fistual

abnormal passage, usually between internal organs or leading from an organ to the surgace of the body

ileum

last and longest portion of the small intestine

ilium

part of the hip bone

meningitits

infalmation of the meninges

tendinities

inflammation of the tendons

infection

invasion of the body bby a pathogenic organism

malaise

word of french origin referring to a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often first indication of an infection or other disease

exudate

fluid such as pus that leaks out of an infected wound

inflammation

is a localized response to an injurt or to the destruction of tissues

key indicatiors of inflammation

erythema, hyperthermia, edema and pain

erythema

redness

hyperthermia

heat

edema

swelling

laceration

torn or jagged woud or an accidental cut

lesion

pathologic change of tissues due to disease or injury

mucous

describes the specialized membranes that line the body cavities.

mucus

is the name of the fluid secreted by these mucous membranes.

mycosis

describes any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus .

myelopathy

describes any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord ).

myopathy

any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue .

dermatologist

physician who specialized in diagnosing and treating disorderes of the skin

neonatology

study of disoders of the newborn

palpation

is an examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts.

palpitation

pouding or racing heart

Pyelitis

is an inflammation of the renal pelvis (

pyoderma

any acute inflammatory, pus forming bacterial skin infection such as impitego

pyrosis

heartburn due to the regurgiataion of stomach acid upward into esophagus

supination

act of ratation the arm so that the pam of the hand is upward or forward

suppuration

formaton or discharge of pus

triage

medical screening of patients to determine their relative prority of need and the proper place of treatment

trauma

woud or injury

viral

pertaining to a virus

virile

having the nature, properties or qualities of an adult male

MS

can either mean morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate

QD and QOD

daily and every other day, respectively; sometimes mistaken for eachother

U

means uint, sometimes mistaken for 0 or 4