Chapter 1 history 1301

Chaokia

The significant indian tarding center near present day st. louis

Portugal

The first country to sponcer exploration by sea to the orient

Pacific

Balboa was the first Europeon to gaze westard across what body of water?

Brazil

At its height, the spanish empire claimed the whole of the western would, except for a piece of what present day country?

At. Augistine

the first permanent european settlement in what is now the united states?

Encomienda

The land grants given to favored spaniards

Mestizos

the name given by the spanish to people of mixed races. (i.e.) spanish and native american

Mercantilism

The popular exonomic system of the european nations in the 15th – 18th centuries. This system stated that the world’s wealth was finite, and that a nation needed colonies to increase the wealth of the mother country.

Separatists

The name given to the most radical puritans. They wanted to break away completely from the anglican church.

Ireland

Where did england have it’s first experience with colonization

Lost colony

The english settlement of roanoke was also known as, due to the fate of this colony

Jamestown

the first permanent english settlement in the new world.

The orgins of human existance in americas began

with migration from eurasia over the bering strait

The early south American civilizations of incas, mayans, and aztecs all shared the following characteristics

economies primarily based on agriculture, substantial cities, complex pollitical systems

Prior to eurpoean contact, the eastern third of what is today the united states

contained no permanent settlements

Cahokia was a large trading center located near what present day city

St louis

Native american religions were closely linked to

the natural world

In regards to knowledge of the americans prior to the fifteenth century, most europeans

were entirely unaware of the existance of the americas.

In the late fifteenth century, the desire in europre to look for new lands was spurred by

significant population growth

The preeminent europan maritime power in the fifteenth century was

Portugal

Christopher columbus

though the world was much smaller than it was in reality

In his first voyage in 1492, Christopher Columbus

mistook cuba for china

Christopher columbus called the native people he ncountered on his voyages ‘indians’ because

He believed they came from the east indies in the pacific

As a result of his third voyage in 1498, Christopher Columbus concluded

he had encountered a continent separate from Asia.

What european exploer gave the pacific ocean it’s name?

Vasco de Balboa

In 1518, hernamdo cortes conquest of the aztecs was made possible largely due to

the exposure of the aztecs to smallpox

Spanish settlements in the new world

Spanish colonies would form one of the largest empires in the history of the world, the catholic church was very interested in spreading christianity in mmexico, the first spanish settlers were mostly interested in farming.

An encomienda was

a spanish run community of assimilated indians

The first permanent spanish settlement in what is now the US was

St. Augustine

In 1860 the Pueblo indians rose in revolt against spanish settlers after the spanish

attempted to conver tthe pueblos to catholicism.

To reduce conflicts, spanish policy toward the pueblo indians in the eighteenth century incolved

intensified efforsts at assimilating the pueblos, willingness to permit the pueblos to own their land, an expansion of the encomienda system

what facot is believed to have dramatically reduced new world native populations after contact with europeans

disease

In what way did sixteenth century europeans benefit from trade between the americans and europe

trade with the americans ended future food shortages in europe.

the following was introduced by europeans to the new world

bananas, sugar, and horses.

in spanish colonial societies, mestizos

came to make up the largest segment of the population

African and American indian societies tended to be matrilineal which meant

women were in control of the social institutions

in the fifteenth century, slavery in africa

generally allowed certain legal protetions to the enslaved.

In what chronological order did european countries control the african slave trade

The portuguese, the dutch, the english

What condition in england in the sixteenth century provided an incentive for colonization

the availability of farmland was declining while the population was growing

The economic theory of mercantilism

it presumed that the world’s wealth was finite. It increased competition among nations. It assumed that exporting goods was preferable to importing goods.

In england, during the early sixteenth century, mercantilism thrived mostly on the basis of

wool

In what way were martin luther and john calvin imported to english puritans

luther and calvin advocated ideas of religious reform that influenced puritan thought.

The english reformation resulted from

a political dispute between king henry VIII and the catholic church

The english concluded from their colonial experience in ireland that

English colonists should maintain a rigid seperation from the indigenous population.

French coloization in the new world

french traders established partnerships with indians and often become a part of their society. The french were more likely than the english to press inland. The french tanded to trade with the indians through intermediaries.

An imported consequence of the defeat of the spanish armada was that

England found the seas more open to their control.

The colony of virginia was named in honor of

Elizabeth I

The causes for failure of the roanoke colony

is historically inconclusive

Between 1500 and 1800, Africans immigrants to the americans

nearly came against their will and made up over half of all immigrants to the new world.