CH. 3 Psychology Test

Which pairing of name and property of light is correct?

Einstein; Wave Packet (Photon)

Activation of the receptors by stimuli is called

Sensation

Cells that are triggered by light, vibrations, sounds, touch or chemical substances are called?

Sensory Receptors

The term ‘Just noticeable difference" is synonymous with

Difference Threshold

The smallest amount of a particular stimulus required to produce any sensation at all in the person to whom the stimulus is presented is the _________ perception

Absolute Threshold

In the process known as _______, sensory receptors become less sensitive to repeated presentations of the same stimulus.

Sensory Adaptation

The term "photons" refers to a tiny packet of ________.

Light Rays

The shortest wavelengths that we can see are experienced as ______ colors

Blue

The longest wavelengths we can see are experienced as ________ colors.

Red

The ______ spectrum refers to the portion of the whole spectrum of light that is visible to the human eye.

Visible Spectrum

When light waves enter the eye, they pass through the _____.

Cornea

The clear, transparent protective coating over the front part of the eye is known as?

Cornea

The aspect of color that corresponds to names such as red, green and blue is _____.

Hue

Which pare of the eye is a muscle that regulates the size of the pupil?

Iris

The ______ of the eye is the small opening in the center of the eye.

Pupil

The colored part of the eye that contains muscles to contract or expand the pupil is the _______.

Iris

Light is focused on the retina by the ______.

Lens

The change in shape of the lens in order to focus on a visual image is known as _______.

Visual Accommodation

Bundles of axons from ganglion cells make up the _______ nerve.

Optic Nerve

The place in the retina were the axons of all the ganglion cells come together to leave the eye is called the _______ spot.

Blind Spot

When you enter a darkened room (Movie Theatre) you will find it hard to see at first but shortly afterward you will be able to see much better. This phenomenon is referred to as ______.

Dark Adaptation

The cones are found mainly in the _____ of the eye.

Center

The rods are responsible for _______ vision.

Night

The receptor cells in the retina responsible for color vision and fine acuity are the _____.

Cones

Jamie walks from a bright room into a dark room. It will take about ____ minutes for her rods to fully adjust to the dark.

30

As it gets darker, older folks have a hard time adjusting to the light levels and seeing well. In some cases, this can be treated with Vitamin ______

A

The idea that the eye contains separate receptors for red, green and blue is known as the ________ theory.

Trichromatic Theory

According to the ______-_______ theory of color vision, the correct pairing of opposite colors are red vs. green and blue vs. yellow

Opponent – Process

Sound waves are simply the vibration of the ________ of air surrounding us

Molecules

Volume, a principle of sound, is most similar to the brightness of ________.

Light

The _____ are auditory receptors where sound waves finally become neural impulses.

Hair Cells

The ear drum is also called the ________.

Tympanic Membrane

The outermost part of the ear is called the ______.

Pinna

The hammer, anvil and stirrup are the tiny bones located in the _______ ear.

Middle

Conduction hearing impairment refers to hearing problems that originate in the _______ and _________.

Eardrum & Middle Ear

______ implants bypass the outer and middle ear.

Cochlear

Lavern looks at the tongue of her friend and sees all kinds of bumps on her tongue. "Girl," she says, "you sure have a lot of ______."

Papillae

What are the five primary tastes?

Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami

Our sense of taste works when food molecules are dissolved in ____ in our mouths.

Saliva

Which is the newest of the five basic tastes to be discovered?

Umami

Each olfactory receptor cell has a half dozen little hairs that project out. These are called ____.

Cilia

The sense of smell is also known as _______.

Olfactory

The best description of ________ sense is that it has to do with the location of body parts in relation to the ground and to each other.

Kinesthetic

The best description of _____ senses is that they have to do with touch, pressure, temperature and pain.

Skin

There is (are) _____ somesthetic sense system(s)

3

The _____ senses are concerned with touch, pressure, temperature and pain.

Skin

Hair follicle nerve endings respond to ____ and ______.

Pain & Touch

Pain sensations in the skin, muscles, tendons and joints that are carried on large nerve fibers are called _______ pain.

Somatic

_____ are the neural transmitters that act as a natural version or morphine.

Endorphins

The ______ canals are the primary structure that allows one to maintain his or her balance.

Semicircular

______ is the mental process of making meaning of sensory information.

Perception

_______-________ relationships concern the tendency to perceive objects or figures on some background.

Figure – Ground

________ is the tendency to perceive things that look similar as being part of the same group.

Similarity

_______ is the tendency to perceive objects that are close to each other as part of the same grouping.

Proximity

______ is the tendency to complete figures that are incomplete.

Closure

In people who have been blind since birth and who then have had their sight restored, _______ perception is absent or severely limited.

Depth

The distance cue in which two parallel lines extend into the distance and seem to come together at one point is called _________ perception.

Linear

An ______ is a perception that does not correspond to reality.

Illusion

Analyzing smaller features and building up to complete perception is called _____-______ processing.

Bottom – Up

If you were to take a sparkler at a July 4th picnic and "draw" your name in the air, your ability to see the light trail after the initial stimulus is facilitated by _________ of vision.

Persistence