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Which of the labeled structures are organelles? A. B, D, F B. B, C, D, E, F, H C. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H D. B, C, D, H |
B, C, D, E, F, H |
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In a multicellular organism, different cells are specialized for certain functions to help the whole organism maintain the living state. As cells differentiate to become specialized, the abundance of different organelles shifts to best serve those needs. Which organelle might be expected to be present in high abundance in a mammal’s muscle cells that must extract large amounts of energy from food molecules to support the work of muscle contraction? A. Peroxisome B. Golgi apparatus C. Vacuole D. Mitochondrion |
Mitochondrion |
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Identify structures B, D, and F. A. Nucleus, mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum B. Mitochondrion, nucleus, ribosome C. Chloroplast, mitochondrion, nucleus D. Chloroplast, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum |
Chloroplast, mitochondrion, nucleus |
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Which is an advantage of eukaryotic cell structure over prokaryotic cell structure? A. Eukaryotic cell size is large, which allows for rapid transport of materials within the interior of the cell. B. Different cell functions are compartmentalized and kept separate from one another in membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells. C. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, which allows them to replicate their genetic information to pass on to daughter cells during cell division. D. Having so many membranous compartments enables eukaryotic cells to be impervious to the surrounding environment |
Different cell functions are compartmentalized and kept separate from one another in membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells |
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Of the following, the _______, which is enclosed in a membrane, has the greatest amount of internal surface area. A. chloroplast B. nucleus C. ribosome D. endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion |
endoplasmic reticulum |
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Which protein(s) power(s) the movement of both cilia and vesicles within a cell? A. Kinesin and dynein B. Keratin C. Myosin D. Actin E. Dynein only |
Kinesin and dynein |
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Cilia and eukaryotic flagella A. propel cells by rotation of structures. B. must have a motor protein that uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to power movement. C. contain microtubules that are sufficient to drive movement. D. contain centrioles. E. contain microfilaments |
must have a motor protein that uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to power movement |
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Prokaryotes A. are surrounded by a cell membrane. B. have a cell wall similar in composition to that of plant cells. C. do not have ribosomes. D. have a nucleus. E. are larger than eukaryotic cells |
are surrounded by a cell membrane |
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Plastids are A. very similar to mitochondria. B. present in photosynthetic prokaryotes. C. always green. D. present in nearly all plant cells. E. present in all eukaryotes |
present in nearly all plant cells. |
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Which organelle(s) is/are found only in plants? A. Glyoxysomes B. Peroxisomes C. Endoplasmic reticulum D. Golgi E. Mitochondria |
Glyoxysomes |
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The endomembrane system A. functions to make ATP. B. is present in prokaryotes. C. includes the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum. D. does not exist in plant cells. E. includes the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria |
includes the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum. |
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Which structure occupies the largest volume in a mature plant cell? A. Chloroplast B. Peroxisome C. Vacuole D. Mitochondrion E. Ribosome |
Vacuole |
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DNA strands are visualized using a(n) A. dissecting microscope. B. light microscope. C. thermocycler. D. centrifuge. E. electron microscope. |
electron microscope |
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Liver cells are exposed to radioactive amino acids, making all proteins synthesized during this time radioactive. The cells are then removed at 5-minute intervals and fractionated. Where in the cells is the radioactively-labeled enzyme lipase performing its intracellular functions? A. In lysosomes B. In the cytoskeleton C. On ribosomes D. In the endoplasmic reticulum E. In the Golgi apparatus |
In lysosomes |
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The organelles and biomolecules present in homogenized cells can be separated by centrifugation. Which of the following would be found at the top of a centrifugation gradient? A. Ribosomes B. Golgi C. Mitochondria D. Nuclei E. ATP molecules |
ATP molecules |
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Which organelles are involved in energy conversions? A. Lysosomes B. Nuclei C. Peroxisomes D. Vacuoles E. Chloroplasts |
Chloroplasts |
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Which structure(s) is/are directly involved in the movement of organelles within a cell? A. Endoplasmic reticulum B. Mitochondrion C. Golgi apparatus D. Intermediate filaments E. Microtubules |
Microtubules |
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Some proteins that are on the surface of mammalian cells contain carbohydrates. These proteins are synthesized by _______ and the carbohydrates are added in the _______. A. cytoplasmic ribosomes; smooth endoplasmic reticulum B. cytoplasmic ribosomes; cell membrane C. the rough endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus D. mitochondrial ribosomes; smooth endoplasmic reticulum E. Golgi apparatus; rough endoplasmic reticulum |
the rough endoplasmic reticulum; Golgi apparatus |
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Which statement about the nucleus of animal cells is true? A. It is enclosed by a single membrane. B. It occupies the smallest volume of the cell. C. The nucleus is the site of protein synthesis. D. It powers the cell. E. DNA in the nucleus combines with proteins |
DNA in the nucleus combines with proteins |
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Which structure is known for its lack of nucleic acids? A. Mitochondrion B. Prokaryotic cell C. Ribosome D. Plant vacuole E. The nucleus |
Plant vacuole |
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The proteins that make up the cytoskeleton of bacteria are similar to _______ in eukaryotic cells. A. transcription factors B. telomerases C. proteases D. sterols E. actin |
actin |
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The presence of _______ means that substances must pass through, rather than between, the epithelial cells that form the lining of the small intestine. A. tight junctions B. microtubules C. desmosomes D. plasmodesmata E. gap junctions |
tight junctions |
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The extracellular matrix of animal cells A. aids in blocking materials from passing between tissues. B. pigments the cells. C. contains cellulose. D. contains proteoglycans. E. is not involved in chemical signaling between cells. |
contains proteoglycans. |
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Amoeba proteus is injected with a drug that inhibits the formation of microtubules. What effect will this have on the organism’s movement? A. It will die, and thus will not move. B. It will survive, but it will not be able to move. C. It will show hyperactive movement. D. The drug will have no effect on the organism’s movement. E. It will only be able to move in one direction. |
The drug will have no effect on the organism’s movement |
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