Biology Quiz Chapter 9

Which of the following is NOT true concerning mitosis?

Animal cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis while plant cells do not.

Cancer cells require many nutrients, which are supplied by blood vessels. The growth of new blood vessels to cancerous tissue is called

angiogenesis.

Virtually all specialized cells of multicellular organisms

have the same amount of DNA and the same number of chromosomes as all other cells of the organism and develop from the same basic stem cells.

If a parent cell has 48 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after mitosis and cytokinesis occurs?

48 chromosomes

Eukaryotic chromosomes
A.contain histones responsible for packaging DNA to fit into a small space.
B. All of the choices are correct.
C. may occur as chromatin.
D. consist of both DNA and protein

All choice are correct

True or False
The enzymes that bring about apoptosis are:

are ordinarily held in check by inhibitors.

True

True or False
The enzymes that bring about apoptosis are:

can be unleashed by internal or external signals

True

Generally, animals build an organism using the diploid number of chromosomes. However, insects in the order of ants, wasps and bees can use a haploid-diploid system where adults of one sex are formed with a haploid number of chromosomes. This would mean that

A. this system in no way differs from regular diploid organisms.
B. a female could determine the sex of the offspring by fertilizing or not fertilizing an egg.
C. the males and females are not equally "related" to their mothers considering the proportion of genes held in common.
D. All of the choices are true.
E. a single set of chromosomes is sufficient to code for a functional individual.

All choices are correct

Which is NOT true about the chromosomes of a multicellular organism?
A. All cells contain chromosomes that carry the same genetic information.
B. Each chromosome is replicated into two chromatids during the S phase of interphase.
C. They are made up of DNA and protein.
D. Each chromosome separates into two daughter chromosomes by binary fission.

Each chromosome separates into two daughter chromosomes by binary fission.

The function of mitosis is:
A. growth of the organism and tissue repair.
B. All of the choices are correct.
C. asexual reproduction in some species.
D. to ensure that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information

All of the choices are correct.

The haploid (n) number of chromosomes for a human being is

23

Below the skin are "stem cells" that divide, with some cells continuing the stem cell line and others being pushed toward the surface to flatten and die and be sloughed off. In the bone marrow other stem cells produce erythrocytes that lose their nucleus and function for a few months in the bloodstream before they too die. Such "dead end" cells that reproduce no further

leave the cell cycle in a G0 phase, which immediately follows telophase.

During which stage of the cell cycle is cell growth and replication of organelles most significant?

G1 phase

Which stage is most associated with a cell that is unable to divide again, such as a muscle or nerve cell?

G0 phase

What occurs in anaphase?

Chromosomes move to opposite poles.

Which does NOT occur in telophase?

The centromeres split apart.

Cytokinesis in plant cells differs from this process in animal cells because

the Golgi apparatus produces vesicles that migrate along microtubules and fuse to become a cell plate.

Oncogenes are all of the following EXCEPT
A. tumor suppressor genes.
B. cancer causing genes.
C. mutated proto-oncogenes.
D. genes that stimulate uncontrolled cell divisions.

Tumor Suppressor genes

Which is NOT correctly associated with cancer?

The disorganized mass of cells is encapsulated and does not invade adjacent tissue.

Generally, complex organisms do require more genes to control their synthesis and organization than do primitive organisms. However, the numbers of chromosomes vary from ants with 2, molds with 8-14, humans with 46, potatoes with 100 and the crayfish with 200! Some birds and insects have chromosomes that dwindle in size into obscurity, so it is not possible to establish a diploid number. How do you explain this situation?

The number of genes per chromosome may vary among organisms, preventing a simple relationship between chromosome number and complexity.

True or False
Contact inhibition stops normal cells from dividing when they come in contact with neighboring cells, but this is not functional in cancer cells.

True

Which statement below best describes the difference between mitosis and cytokinesis?

Mitosis is the portion of the cell cycle that divides the nuclear material while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.

Which statement below lists the correct steps for binary fission?

1. attachment of chromosome to the plasma membrane, 2. enlargement of cell volume, 3. DNA replication occurs, 4. cell elongates and chromosomes are pulled apart, 5. a new cell wall and plasma membrane divide the cell in half

Which of the following statements applies to mitosis but not to cytokinesis?

it contains a checkpoint that will evaluate the quality of the cell