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Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the linking together of RNA nucleotides to form RNA? |
RNA polymerase |
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Viral DNA incorporated into host cell DNA is known as |
prophage |
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Which of the following human activities has contributed to an increase in the number of bacteria having R plasmids? |
heavy use of antibiotics in medicine and in agriculture |
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The copying mechanism of DNA is most like |
using a photographic negative to make a positive image |
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Experiments have demonstrated that the "words" of the genetic code (the units that specify amino acids) are |
three-nucleotide sequences |
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The shape of a DNA molecule is most like |
a twisted rope ladder |
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Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the elongation of a new DNA strand? |
DNA polymerase |
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Which of the following occurs when RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter DNA? |
initiation of a new RNA molecule |
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Conjugation |
is the direct transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another |
|
DNA replication |
uses each strand of a DNA molecule as a template for the creation of a new strand |
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Where do transcription and translation occur in prokaryotic cells |
in the cytoplasm |
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The way that genetic material of a bacteriophage enters a bacterium is most like the way that |
a drug is injected with a hypodermic needle |
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The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA is called |
transcription |
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Which of the following statements about the treatment or prevention for a prion infection is true? |
There is no known treatment or cure for prion infections |
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A functional F factor that is an R plasmid must contain all of the following elements except |
a site for making the proteins needed for conjunction |
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Conjunction, transformation, and transduction are all ways that bacteria |
increase their genetic diversity |
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Which of the following features characterizes the lytic cycle of a viral infection? |
The cycle typically leads to the lysis of the host cell |
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We would expect that a 15-nucleotide sequence will direct the production of a polypepetide that consists of |
4 amino acids |
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Consider the following sentence: "The dog did not eat."Which of the following variations of this sentence is most like a base substitution mutation? |
The doe did not eat |
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When one DNA molecule is copied to make two DNA molecules, the new DNA contains |
50% of the parent DNA |
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Transduction |
occurs when a phage transfers bacterial DNA from one bacterium to another |
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Which of the following shows the steps of a viral infection in the proper order? |
virus locates host cell – penetrates cell membrane – enters nucleus – alters host cell DNA – host cell produces copies of virus |
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One type of virus that infects bacteria is called a |
phage |
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Which of the following statements regarding RNA is false? |
RNA uses the sugar detrose |
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Which of the following statements about herpesviruses is false? |
Herpesviruses reproduce inside the host cell’s mitochondria |
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Conjunction between a bacterium that lacks an F factor (F-) and a bacterium that has an F factor on its chromosome (F+) would typically produce which of the following results? |
The F- bacterium ends up with a recombinant chromosome that carries some genes from the F+ bacterium, and the F+ bacterium ends up with an unaltered chromosome |
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Which of the following statements regarding the flow of genetic information is false? |
Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cells. |
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Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false? |
DNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil |
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HIV does the greatest damage to |
white blood cells |
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In the 1920s, Fredrick Griffith conducted an experiment in which he mixed the dead cells of a bacterial strain that can cause pneumonia with live cells of a bacterial strain that cannot. When he cultured the live cells, some of the daughter colonies proved able to cause pnemonia. Which of the following processes of bacterial DNA transfer does this experiment demonstrate? |
transformation |
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Which of the following options most accurately lists the sequence of events in translation? |
codon recognition, peptide bond formation, translocation, termination |
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Which of the following statements is false? |
The lysogenic cycle typically results in the rapid lysis of all infected cells. |
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Any change in the nucleotide sequene of DNA is called |
a mutation |
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A protein shell enclosing a viral genome is known as a(n) |
capsid |
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How do viroids harm the plants that are infected with them? |
by altering the plants’ growth |
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How many origins of replication and how many replication forks are shown? |
3 origins and 6 replication forks |
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A physical or chemical agent that changes the nucleotide of DNA is called a(n) |
mutagen |
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The monomers of DNA and RNA are |
nucleotides |
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Multiple origins of replication on the DNA molecules of eukaryotic cells serve to |
shorten the time necessary for DNA replication |
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Which of the following takes place during translation |
the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins |
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the "one gene-one polypeptide" theory states that |
the function of an individual gene is to dictate the production of a specific polypeptide |
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Which of the following people conducted the experiments that demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material of the bacteriophages? |
Hershey and Chase |
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A friend accidentally sends an email to you that contains a computer virus from his computer. Without knowing it, you infect your computer with the virus when you open the email. This process of spreading the computer virus using emails is most like which of the following processes? |
transduction |
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Which of the following enzymes does HIV use to synthesize DNA on an RNA template? |
reverse transcriptase |
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Which of the following statements about ribosomes is false? |
The ribosomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the same in structure and function |
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Which of the following is not needed in order for translation to occur? |
DNA template |
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Which of the following statements regarding a DNA double helix is always true? |
The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine |
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Which of the following statements about eukaryotic RNA is true? |
Exons are spliced together |
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When a bacterial cell with a chromosome-borne F factor conjugates with another bacterium, how is the transmitted donor DNA incorporated into the recipient’s genome? |
It is substituted for the equivalent portion of the recipient’s chromosome by the process of crossing over. |
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What will be the most likely cause of a new avian flu pandemic like the 1918-1919 flu pandemic that killed approximately 40 million people worldwide? |
easy viral transmission from person to person |
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