Art Appreciation Module 9

The chances that a work of art from ancient times will be found or preserved are greatly increased if

All these answers are correct.

Because they lacked stone, the ancient Sumerians built their cities from

sun-dried brick.

To compensate for the natural visual distortion in which tall columns appear to bend inward, the Greeks gave them a slight bulge, which is known as

entasis.

The bronze head of an Akkadian ruler is a rare example of ________ in ancient art.

naturalism

The most notable example of Neolithic architecture in Europe is

Stonehenge in England.

In Egyptian art, the convention of representing social importance by size–for example, where the pharaoh is shown much larger than his subjects–is known as

hierarchical scale.

Under the reign of ________, a new, more naturalistic style of Egyptian art developed.

Amenhotep IV

The sculpture Akhenaten and His Family is an example of the ________ technique.

sunken relief

King Tutankhamun’s tomb was discovered in 1922 by

Howard Carter.

A true arch was developed by ________ architects long before the Romans came up with the idea.

Neo-Babylonian

Three major cultures that preceded the Greeks in and around the Aegean Sea were the ________ cultures.

Cycladic, Minoan, and Mycenaean

Although bronze was the favored material for freestanding sculpture in Greece, most bronze statues have not survived, because

they were melted down to make weapons and other objects.

Romans could watch gladiators fight to the death, along with other sporting events, at the

Colosseum.

A prime example of art from the Hellenistic era is

The Laocoon Group

According to historians, the Roman era began in 510 B.C.E. with

the founding of the Roman Republic.

Although we know almost nothing about the culture that created them, the abstract ________ of the Cycladic culture appear extremely sophisticated for five-thousand-year-old works.

female nude figures

What destroyed the Roman colonies of Pompeii and Herculaneum in 79 C.E.?

the eruption of a volcano

The mummy of Artemidoros, from Fayum, shows the influence of the ________ culture(s).

Egyptian, Greek, and Roman

The portrait bust of __________ is presented in a naturalistic and elegant style that is timeless.

Nefertiti

The Great Sphinx at Giza, in Egypt, has the body of a lion and the head of a(n)

pharoah.

The walled, upward extension of the nave that is pierced with windows is called the

clerestory.

Because Christianity emphasized congregational worship, a fundamental change in the ________ was needed.

architectural design of places of worship .

The cross-shaped floor plan of a church is formed by the combined shapes of the nave and the

transept.

The major axis of a central-plan church, such as the church of San Vitale in Ravenna, is

vertical.

Unlike their Greek and Roman predecessors, Byzantine artists preferred

a flattened, abstracted style of art.

Architects of Romanesque churches began installing ________ around the apse, which allowed the overflow of pilgrims to circulate freely around the interior of the church.

ambulatories

________ is a pattern or patterns formed by intricately interwoven ribbons or bands.

Interlace

All the following are features of Romanesque architecture EXCEPT

large windows of stained glass.

Gothic cathedrals are known especially for

their stained glass windows.

The technique in which colored yarns are sewn to an existing woven background is called

embroidery.

The ________ is the walkway directly in front of a church that serves as the entry porch.

narthex

Duccio and Giotto were two artists whose innovations in ________ greatly influenced Renaissance painting styles.

creating figures and settings with an increased naturalism

The Palace Chapel at Aachen was built for ________ as his personal place of worship.

Charlemagne

What purpose is served by the carved figures that adorn the entryways at Chartres Cathedral?

They serve as reminders that one is entering a sacred space.

Soaring open spaces, pointed arches, ribbed vaulting, flying buttresses, and stained glass windows are characteristic of

Gothic cathedrals.

In his painting ________, the artist Duccio pioneered the use of architecture to define space and direct movement.

Christ Entering Jerusalem

The ________ technique was used to complete the Empress Theodora and Retinue in 547 C.E.

mosaic

The term pantokrater, used in the title of the mosaic Christ as the Pantokater, is Greek for

ruler of all.

The gold-hammered vessel set with gems that contained the remains of Saint Foy is called a

reliquary.