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Federalist Party |
Supporters of the Constitution that were led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams. They firmly believed the national government should be strong. They didn’t want the Bill of Rights because they felt citizens’ rights were already well protected by the Constitution., Led by Alexander Hamilton, they believed in a strong central government, loose interpretation, and encouraged commerce and manufacturing. They were staunch supporters of the Constitution during ratification and were a political force during the early years of the United States. Their influence declined after the election of Republican Thomas Jefferson to the presidency and disappeared completely after the Hartford Convention. |
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Anti-Federalist Party |
They opposed the ratification of the Constitution because it gave more power to the federal government and less to the states, and because it did not ensure individual rights. Many wanted to keep the Articles of Confederation. The Antifederalists were instrumental in obtaining passage of the Bill of Rights as a prerequisite to ratification of the Constitution in several states. After the ratification of the Constitution, the Antifederalists regrouped as the Democratic-Republican (or simply Republican) party. |
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Democratic-Republican Party |
Led by Thomas Jefferson, believed people should have political power, favored strong STATE governments, emphasized agriculture, strict interpretation of the Constitution, pro-French, opposed National Bank |
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National Republican Party |
After the 1824 election, part of the Democratic – Republican party joined John Q. Adams, Clay, and Daniel Webster to oppose Andrew Jackson. They favored nationalistic measures like recharter of the Bank of the United States, high tariffs, and internal improvements at national expense. They were supported mainly by Northwesterners and were not very successful. They were conservatives alarmed by Jackson’s radicalness; they joined with the Whigs in the 1830’s. |
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Anti-Masonic Party |
In addition to being the first 3rd party it was the first party to hold a national nominating convention and the first to announce a platform, all of which it accomplished in 1831 when it nominated William Wirt of Maryland for president. It was afraid that if important officials were all free masons and had secret meetings then the government did not have checks and balances any more. |
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Whig Party |
political party that had no stand on slavery, was elected because people did not want to rock the boat and have war, An American political party formed in the 1830s to oppose President Andrew Jackson and the Democrats, stood for protective tariffs, national banking, and federal aid for internal improvements |
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Liberty Party |
A political party that started during the two party systems in the 1840’s.The party’s main platform was bringing an end to slavery by political and legal means. The party was originally part of the American Anti-slavery however; they split because they believed there was a more practical way to end slavery than Garrison’s moral crusade. |
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Democratic Party |
political party led by Thomas Jefferson; it feared centralized political power, supported states’ rights, opposed Hamilton’s financial plan, and supported ties with France. It was heavily influenced by a agrarian interests in the southern states believed the people should have political power, favored strong state governments, emphasized agriculture, favored strict interpretation of the constitution, were pro-french, opposed national bank, and opposed protective tariff |
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Free Soil Party |
formed from the remnants of the Liberty Party in 1848; adopting a slogan of "free soil, free speech, free labor, and free men," it opposed the spread of slavery into territories and supported homesteads, cheap postage, and internal improvements. It ran Martin Van Buren (1848) and John Hale (1852) for president and was absorbed into the Republican Party by 1856. northern democrats disillusion with southern democratic support for slavery. The party tried to widen its appeal by focusing less on outright abolition than on opposing the spread of slavery into the territories (the need to protect free soil and free labor) the party never gained strength, the republican party in 1850s attracted the greater number of antislavery voters. Every time free soil party was in president election, they made the Democrats and Whigs have to focus on Slavery |
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Know Nothing Party |
Were a group of people who opposed the increasing immigration levels and attempted to write legislation for rigid restrictions on immigration and naturalization and for laws authorizing the deportation of alien paupers. This was just an example of a group of people attempting to thwart the increase of immigration which has continued to make-up America. |
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Republican Party |
political party formed in 1854 in response to the Kansas-Nebraska Act; it combined remnants of Whig, Free Soil, and Know-Nothing Parties as well as disgruntled Democrats. Although not abolitionist, it sought to block the spread of slavery in the territories. It also favored tariffs, homesteads, and a transcontinental railroad. |
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American Party |
nativists; refused to divulge information about themselves to the public; political program included ending poor relief to non-citizens and instituting literacy tests for voting; demanded no foreigners hold offices and called for laws to extend the period before naturalization into citizenship from five to twenty one years; teamed up w/female missionaries and educational reformers to proselytize in immigrant communities about American democracy and virtues of "women’s sphere", strove to curb immigration and naturalization, though its efforts met with little success. There were few prominent leaders, and the largely middle-class and entirely Protestant membership fragmented over the issue of slavery. Most ended up joining the Republican Party by the time of the 1860 presidential election |
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Constitutional Union Party |
also known as the "do-nothings" or "Old Gentlemen’s" party; 1860 election; it was a middle of the road group that feared for the Union- consisted mostly of Whigs and Know-Nothings, met in Baltimore and nominated John Bell from Tennessee as candidate for presidency-the slogan for this candidate was "The Union, the Constitution, and the Enforcement of the laws." |
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Union Party |
The Union Party was a short-lived political party in the United States, formed in 1936 by a coalition of radio priest Father Charles Coughlin, old-age pension advocate Francis Townsend, and Gerald L. K. Smith. Each of those people hoped to channel their wide followings into support for the Union Party, which proposed a populist alternative to the New Deal reforms of Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression., included all of the Republicans and the war Democrats. It excluded the copperheads and peace Democrats. It was formed out of fear of the republican party losing control. It was responsible for nominating Lincoln. |
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