AP US History WHS Ch. 5

In 1775, as conflicts with England intensified, American colonists
A. made extensive efforts to prepare themselves for war
B. were deeply divided about what they were fighting for
C. believed England was not willing to engage in military operations against them
D. saw their larger population as a key advantage over England
E. considered arming slaves to help build up the colonial army

B. were deeply divided about what they were fighting for

Published in January 1776, "Common Sense" was written by
A. Thomas Jefferson
B. Tom Paine
C. James Madison
D. Ben Franklin
E. James Otis

B. Tom Paine

The author of Common Sense
A. sought to concentrate colonial anger on unpopular parliamentary measures
B. was an American who had never been to England
C. sold very few copies of his pamphlet until after the war was won
D. was arrested by British officials and charged with treason
E. considered the English constitution to be the greatest problem facing the colonists

E. considered the English constitution to be the greatest problem facing the colonists

The Declaration of Independence
A. borrowed heavily from perviously published colonial documents
B. was never formally approved by the 2nd continental congress
C. avoided making any direct criticism of the King
D. called for the formation of a two-party democracy
E. originally recommended that all slaves be freed

A. borrowed heavily from the previously published colonial documents

Financing the Revolution was difficult for the American side because
A. hard currency was scarce
B. the printing of paper money was illegal
C. foreign nations refused to loan money for its war effort
D. called for the formation of a two-party democracy
E. originally recommended that all slaves be freed

A. hard currency was scarce

The war effort by American colonists would be financed primarily by
A. spending hard currency
B. printing paper money
C. borrowing from abroad
D. selling bonds
E. melting down jewelry into specie

C. borrowing from abroad

As commander of the Continental Army, George Washington
A. had no shortage of Americans willing to volunteer to fight the British
B. had no previous actual military experience
C. was an early critic of independence
D. saw Congress leave all important military decisions up to his judgment
E. was admired, respected, and trusted by all Patriots

E. was admired, respected, and trusted by nearly all Patriots

At the start of the Revolution, American advantages over the British included a
A. greater commitment to the war
B. larger number of troops
C. better equipped navy
D. more coherent military command structure
E. better relationship with Native American tribes

A. greater commitment to the war

Which of the following took place during the first phase (1775-76) of the American Revolution?
A. British troops evacuated Boston
B. American troops captured Quebec
C. The British won a significant victory in North Carolina
D. American troops took Nova Scotia
E. British troops under William Howe captured Philidelphia

A. British troops evacuated Boston

In the Battle of Bunker Hill,
A. the Patriots suffered light casualties and won the battle
B. the British suffered heavy casualties
C. Benedict Arnold was wounded
D. the British surrended their main forces to the Patriots
E. the Patriots refused to withdraw and were all killed

B. the British suffered heavy casualties

During the 2nd phase (1776-78) of the American Revolution, British military efforts were hampered by
A. a series of tactical blunders and misfortunes
B. a sever shortage of new soldiers coming from England
C. an American blockade of British ships
D. the American capture of the commanding British general

A. series of tactical blunders and misfortunes

When George Washington crossed the Delaware River on 12-25-1776 night, he was intent on surprising
A. American Loyalists
B. Indians
C. Hessians
D. British regulars
E. William Howe

C. Hessians

Among the following, who was NOT a British general during the American Revolution?
A. Thomas Gage
B. William Howe
C. John Burgoyne
D. Horatio Gates
E. Barry St. Leger

C. Hessians

The British military campaigns of 1777 saw
A. General William Howe stay in camp when he was supposed to have moved south
B. General John Burgoyne suffer a major defeat at Saratoga
C. a major American victory at Philidelphia
D. the British surround and lay siege to George Washington’s army at Valley Forge
E. the British retake Boston and set it afire

B. General John Burgoyne suffer a major defeat at Saratoga

In early 1778, France
A. refused to recognize the United States as a sovereign nation
B. expelled the colonies’ diplomats, including Benjamin Franklin, from Paris
C. agreed to give the Americans money and supplies but withheld its soldiers
D. declared war on both England and Spain
E. worried that the U.S. would quite the war against the British

E. worried that the U.S. would quit the war against the British

During the American Revolution, the Iroquois Confederacy officially
A. declared its neutrality
B. allied itself with the colonists
C. allied itself with the British
D. refused to ally with either combantant until France entered the war
E. disbanded and withdrew to the west

A. declared its neutrality

After the Battle of Saratoga, British Prime Minister Lord North responded to the colonies with
A. an offer of a British surrender if the Americans would remain part of the empire
B. an offer to return to the pre-1763 British policies if the colonies would quite the war
C. an offer of complete colonial home rule within the empire if they would quit the war
D. a threat to destroy all American forces if they refused to negoiate a peace treaty
E. a threat to foment a slave rebellion in the South if the American forces did not quit the war

C. an offer of complete colonial home rule within the empire if they would quit the war

Which of the following nations opposed England during the American Revolution?
A. Belgium
B. Canada
C. the Netherlands
D. Portugal
E. Sweden

C. the Netherlands

In the final phase (1778-81) of the American Revolution, the British
A. mounted its largest military assault against the Continental Army
B. badly overestimated the support of American Loyalists
C. made a focused effort to win public support in the northern colonies
D. concentrated its efforts on capturing individual Patriots
E. began a policy of "total war" that resulted in several cities being burned to the ground

B. badly overestimated the support of the American Loyalists

As the fighting in the final phase (1778-81) of the American Revolution carried into communities
A. local criticism of Patriots increased
B. American armies engaged in more large, open-field battles
C. support for independence greatly increased
D. large segments of the American population became war refugees
E. more Loyalists began actively helping the British

C. support for independence greatly increased

Which of the following statements regarding Benedict Arnold is FALSE?
A. Arnold was an American military hero early in the war
B. During the war, Arnold grew convinced the American cause was hopeless
C. Arnold conspired with the British to betray a Patriot stronghold at West Point, New York
D. Arnold had previously foiled the advance of Barry St. Leger into the Mohawk Valley
E. Arnold spent the last years of the Revolution as a prisoner of war

E. Arnold spent the last years of the Revolution as a prisoner of war

Which of the following was the scene of a substantial British victory in the final phase (1778-81) of the American Revolution?
A. Cowpens
B. Charleston
C. Yorktown
D. Guilford Court House
E. Saratoga

B. Charleston

Which of the following statements regarding General Nathaniel Greene is FALSE?
A. He led American forces to victory in the battle at Yorktown
B. He divided his forces into fast-moving contingents to confuse and exasperate Cornwallis
C. He was one of the most effective commanders in the American army
D. He replaced Horatio Gates as commander of the southern forces in the Continental army
E. He was forced to withdraw at Guildford Court House after inflicting heavy losses

A. He led American forces to victory in the battle at Yorktown

The battle at Yorktown involved
A. the most bloody battle of the war
B. the suicide of the commanding British general
C. evidence that the British were executing prisoners of war
D. a combined French and American army and navy
E. treachery on the part of Benedict Arnold

D. a combined French and American army and navy

The principal Americans who negotiated the peace terms with the British were
A. Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson
B. Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Adams, and John Adams
C. John Hancock, Benjamin Franklin, and Samuel Huntington
D. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin
E. Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay

E. Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay

Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1783,
A. the U.S. gained formal British recognition of American Independence
B. Spain recieved Gibraltar from the English
C. the United States received all territory east of the Rocky Mountains
D. France recieved Canada from the English
E. England was forced to pay reparations to the new American nation

A. the U.S. gained formal British recognition of American Independence

During the American Revolution, Loyalists
A. were forced to leave the colonies soon after the war began
B. were nearly all office holders in the English government
C. were forbidden by the Patriots to move to England until the war had ended
D. constituted perhaps as many as 1/3 of the white colonial population
E. freed their slaves to help augment British forces in the colonies

D. constituted perhaps as many as 1/3 of the white colonial population

As a result of the American Revolution, the Anglican Church in America was
A. weakened
B. banned in most colonies
C. made the official religion of Virginia
D. praised by Patriots for its support of independence
E. tried for aiding and abetting the English

A. weakened

During the American Revolution, enslaved African Americans in the colonies
A. joined the British army in large numbers to fight against their American masters
B. were assisted by the British to escape as a way to disrupt the American war effort
C. were offered their freedom by Americans if they fought against the British
D. tried to help Loyalists escape to Canada in exchange for their freedom
E. were not significantly affected by the conflict

A. weakened

Following the American Revolution, the first state to make slavery illegal was
A. New York
B. New Hampshire
C. South Carolina
D. Rhode Island
E. Pennsylvania

E. Pennsylvania

Which of the following statements regarding the American Revolution and Native Americans is FALSE?
A. The outcome of the war largely weakened the position of Indians
B. Indians generally had better relations with the British than the Americans
C. Most Indian tribes ultimately chose to fight on the side of the British
D. American Patriots had generally tried to persuade Indians to be neutral in the war
E. Some Indians took advantage of the conflict to launch attacks of their own

D. American Patriots had generally tried to persuade Indians to be neutral in the war

During the American Revolution, female "camp followers"
A. assisted in the support of regular troops
B. played traditional female roles and were not involved in combat
C. served to maintain traditional gender distinctions
D. were prostitutes
E. often inadvertently betrayed the position of Washington’s army

A. assisted in the support of regular troops

In regards to the status of women, the effect of the American Revolution
A. was minimal and short-term
B. was to dismantle the patriarchal legal system
C. was to end the traditional cultural concepts of the female role in society
D. generally weakened the position of women in society
E. led some women to question their position in society

E. led some women to question their position in society

In 1776, Abigail Adams was an advocate for
A. full gender equality in the new postwar nation
B. a woman’s right to vote
C. new protections against abusive and tyrannical men
D. support for impoverished war widows
E. temperance

C. new protections against abusive and tyrannical men

The prominent eighteenth-century essayist Judith Sargent Murray plaecd her greatest emphasis on the right of women to
A. vote
B. own property
C. divorce
D. an education
E. serve in combat

D. an education

In colonial America, under English common law a married woman
A. could not own property
B. had more legal rights than unmarried women
C. had legal authority over her children
D. could not earn wages greater than her husband
E. could only initate divorce in case of adultery

A. could not own property

Following the American Revolution, as the Republic took shape in the 1780s, greater social importance was attached to women in the role of
A. wives
B. feminists
C. citizens
D. nurses
E. mothers

E. mothers

Post-Revolution American trade commerce was strengthened by
A. favorable trade agreements with England
B. an English desire to protect American vessels
C. the closing of British ports American trade
D. British abandonment of impressments
E. the flood of immigration after the war

D. British abandonment of impressments

In the thinking of most American political leaders, the success of their new republican governments depended on
A. a strong defense of civil liberties
B. the development of industries
C. westward expansion
D. the creation of strong military
E. independent landowners

E. independent landowners

For most Revolutionary American political thinkers, the concept of equality meant
A. there should be equality of opportunity
B. there should be equality of rights regardless of race, sex, or property
C. there should be equality of condition
D. there should be equality of opportunity and of condition
E. there should be equality of rights and of condition

A. there should be equality of opportunity

During the 1780s, in every new state constitution
A. state legislatures were to be chosen by a direct popular vote
B. governors were prevented from holding a seat in the legislature
C. property requirements for voting were relaxed or elimnated
D. women were denied the right to vote
E. governors were given the authority to tax

A. there should be equality of opportunity

During the 1780s, most state governments
A. moved to limit popular power
B. were notable for their stability
C. found it difficult to revise their constitutions
D. remained strongly elitist
E. got rid of property requirements for voters

A. moved to limit popular power

In 1780, Massachusetts sought to revise the power of the governor by
A. allowing the legislature to set his salary
B. having him elected directly by the people
C. taking away his authority by the people
D. permitting him to sit in the legislature
E. granting him the power to tax

B. having him elected directly by the people

The Virginia Statute of Religious Liberty of 1786
A. was written by James Madison
B. called for a complete separation of church and state
C. gave all religious denominations special privileges within the state
D. only applied to Christian denominations
E. All these answers are correct

B. called for a complete separation of church and state

In the 1780s, which statement about slavery in America was TRUE?
A. In no state was illegal
B. many southern states prohibited the importation of slaves from abroad
C. Virginia passed a law forbidding the manumission of slaves
D. The strongest forces against slavery were found in the western colonies
E. Most whites believed blacks sould be integrated into American society as equals

B. Many southern states prohibited the importation of slaves from abroad

Under the Articles of Confederation, in 1777 there was a federal
A. congress
B. judiciary
C. executive
D. bureaucracy
E. All these answers are correct

E. All these answers are correct

Under the Articles of Confederation, the national government had the power to
A. regulate trade
B. draft troops
C. borrow and issue money
D. levy direct taxes on the people
E. override state laws

C. borrow and issue money

Under the Articles of Confederation
A. each state had one vote in Congress
B. all states had to apporve any important measure
C. there could be no amendments to the Articles
D. no legislation could be passed without all states voting on the issue
E. the executive had the power to veto legislative decisions

A. each state had one vote in Congress

The Articles of Confederation were adopted when states gave up their
A. power to regulate trade
B. power to make war
C. claims to western lands
D. right to levy their own taxes
E. plans for emancipation

C. claims to western lands

Shortly after signing the Treaty of Paris of 1783, the British government
A. evacuated its forts in America
B. made restitution to slaveholders for slaves the British army had freed during the war
C. attempted to purchase Florida
D. restricted American access to British markets
E. declared war on Spain to take its New World colonies away

D. restricted American access to British markets

In, 1786, a treaty negotiated between the United States and Spain
A. secured complete American access to the Mississippi River
B. was strongly opposed by the New England states
C. gave the United States control of Florida as a territory
D. was never ratified by Congress, thus weakening the nation’s global prestige
E. gave the United States control of Texas

D. was never ratified by Congress, thus weakening the nation’s global prestige

The Ordinances of 1784 and 1785 represented an attempt to
A. eliminate slacery in the western states
B. compromise on the question of slacery expanding into the territories
C. enhance the power of the central government
D. gain redres from the English at the expense of Native Americans
E. provide for the admission of new states into the union

E. provide for the admission of new states into the union

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787
A. created a single territory out of the lands north of Ohio
B. guaranteed freedom of religion throughout the affected areas
C. prohibited slavery within the affected areas
D. abandoned the system created in the 1784 Ordinance
E. all of the above

E. all of the above

In the early 1790s, the efforts of Little Turtle represented an attempt by Indians to
A. accommodate white settlers
B. maintain their lands given through treaties
C. resist white expansion by force
D. negotiate the sale of Indian lands
E. encourage England to mediate a settlement between between Indians and the new nation

C. resist white expansion by military force

The 1794 Battle of Fallen Timbers
A. forced the Miami Indians into negotiations with the United States
B. saw the United States forces suffer a significant defeat
C. led the United States to temporaily evacuate from the Ohio Valley
D. resulted in the death of General Anthony Wayne
E. represented the last major military victory for Indians against the U.S.

A. forced the Miami Indians into negotiations with the United States

The 1795 Treaty of Greenville
A. allowed the Miami Indians navigation rights to the Mississippi
B. compelled the Miami Indians to move out of the Ohio Valley
C. was never signed by any Indian leaders
D. removed all restrictions to white settlement of the Ohio Valley
E. led the United States to recognize the soveregnty of Indian nations

E. led the United States to recognize the sovereignty of Indian nations

As leaders of a tax rebellion in the 1780s, Daneil Shays and his supporters demanded
A. the nation’s capital be moved to New England
B. an end to paper currency
C. a moratorium on debt collection
D. renewed trade agreements with England
E. the right to vote for all white men, regardless of property holdings

C. a moratoriu on debt collection

One effect of Shays’s Rebellion was it
A. temporarily brought a halt to the new American government
B. led the federal government to adopt the gold standard
C. led to the downfall of the state government in Massachusetts
D. contributed to growing belief the national government needed reform
E. encouraged Massaschusetts to adopt gradual emancipation

D. contributed to growing belief the national government needed reform

(True/False) The beginnings of hostilities in 1775 found the colonies generally unprepared for war

True

The Declaration of Independence borrowed heavily from previously written colonial documents (True/False)

True

(True/False) One effect the Declaration of Independence had was individual colonies were motivated to reconstitute themselves as "states."

True

Following Lexington and Concord, it is safe to say that most AMericans now saw that they were fighting for independence from Great Britain (True/False)

False

To Tom Paine it made "common sense" to break from Parliament, but not from the king (True/False)

False

In composing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson borrowed heavily from the political theories of Thomas Hobbes (True/False)

False

Both Congress, under the Articles of Confederation, and the various state legislatures had the power to tax individual Americans (True/False)

False

When George Washington took command of the Continental Army, he did not have a great deal of public confidence (true/False)

False

The Battle of Saratoga (1777) was both a turning point in the Revolutionary War and a victory for the colonists (true/false)

True

During the Revolutionary War the Iroquois Confederacy was united in its allegiance to Great Britiain (true/false)

False

The U.S. never negotiated a formal alliance with France during the Revolutionary War (true/false)

False

France was an American ally during the Revolutionary War, but it did not provide the Americans with significant amounts of money or munitions (true/false)

False

Loyalist sentiment was thought to be stronger in the South than in the North (true/false)

True

Cornwallis’s defeat at Yorktown led not only to the resignation of Lord North as prime minister, but to public outcries in England against continuing the war (true/false)

True

The Americans violated their alliance with France by negotiating a peace with Great Britain without informing the French (true/false)

True

Few loyalists were so disaffected as to leave the U.S. as a result of their opposition to the Revolutionary War (true/false)

False

The influence of the Anglican Church in the U.S. was strengthened as a result of the Revolutionary War (true/false)

False

Both American Baptists and Catholics tended to support the Patriot cause during the Revolutionary War (true/false)

True

For some African Americans, the Revolution eant an increased exposure to the concept of liberty (true/false)

True

By the end of the Revolutionary War, the position of Native Americans in and near the U.S. had been strengthened by their support of the Patriot cause. (true/false)

False

The Revolutionary War increased already deep internal divisions among Native American tribes (true/false)

True

Women, sometimes by choice, but more often be necessity, flocked to the camps of the Patriot armies during the Revolutionary War (true/false)

True

The American Revolution did little to change the legal status of American women (true/false)

True

Under English common law, a single woman had greater legal rights than a married woman (true/false)

True

The general assumptions of American republicanism were modeled after French thinkers (true/false)

False

The republican concept of equality included the belief that not all people would live equally (true/false)

True

New state constitutions drafted during the Revolutionary War sought to expand the power of the executive (true/false)

False

Every new state constitution prevented the state’s governor from holding a seat in the state legislature (true/false)

True

When the U.S. began as a nation, most citizens were independent property holders (true/false)

False

Only a few of the new state constitutions provided for a two-house legislature (true/false)

True

In 1780, Massachusetts began a trend by expanding the power of the state’s governor (true/false)

True

Thomas Jefferson had deep moral misgivings about slavery, but he could not envision any alternative to it (true/false)

True

The Articles of Confederation provided for a separate judiciary, but had no separate executive (true/false)

False

The Articles of Confederation could not be amended until all 13 state legislatures approved (true/false)

True

Throughout the 1780s, the British government refused to send a diplomatic minister to America (true/false)

True

In the mid-1780s, southern states decided to go along with surrendering control of the Mississippi River in exchange for trade concessions (true/false)

False

The ordinances of 1784 and 1785 were more favorable to settlers than to land speculators (true/false)

False

The Northwest Ordinance guaranteed freedom of religion and banned slavery (true/false)

True

The precise rectangular grid pattern imposed on the Northwest Territory became the national model for all subsequent federal land policies (true/false)

True

Violence between Indians and whites on the Northwest frontier largely subsided following the establishment of the Constitution of 1787. (true/false)

False

Like Bacon’s Rebellion, Shays’s Rebellion occurred in Virginia (true/false)

False

Shays’s Rebellion was such a failure that it lessened the sense of need for a new federal constitution (true/false)

False

Many American colonists were enraged when the British began trying to recruit German mercenaries known as

Hessians

In writing the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson borrowed from the contract theory of

John Locke

The British commander in the Battle of Saratoga was

John Burgoyne

The blunders of General _____ cost the British dearly in 1777.

Howe

The American diplomat who negotiated the French Alliance of 1778 was

Ben Franklin

The British commander forced to surrender at Yorktown was

Cornwallis

As a result of the American Revolution the _____ denomination was weakened in the colonies because its followers practiced pacifism

Quaker

Thomas Jefferson commonly referred to Native Americans as

"noble savages"

During the Revolutionary War, John Adams was asked by _______ to "remember the ladies"

Abigail Adams

The Virginia Statute of Religious Liberty was written by

Thomas Jefferson

The government plan adopted by the Continental Congress in 1777 was called the

Articles of Confederation

In 1787 Jefferson drafted the __________ which banned slavery in lands north of the Ohio River

Northwest Ordinance

For the first time, the new federal governent recognized the sovereignty of Indian nations in the Treaty of

Greenville

During the 1780s James Madison and Alexander Hamilton favored a "continental __________"

"impost"

______ led a failed rebellion of western famres during the mid-1780s.

Daniel Shays