AP Biology Chapter 35

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system?

D) companion cell and ground tissue

Which of the following is derived from the ground tissue system?

pith

All of the following are plant adaptations to life on land except.

the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

root hairs

What would be a plant adaptation that increases exposure of a plant to light in a dense forest?

apical dominance

A person working with plants may remove apical dominance by doing which of the following?

pruning

What effect does ʺpinching backʺ have on a houseplant?

produces a plant that will grow fuller

Land plants are composed of all the following tissue types except
.

mesodermal

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except

cambium cells.

When you eat Brussels sprouts, what are you eating?

large axillary buds

__________ is to xylem as __________ is to phloem.

Vessel element; sieve-tube member

CO2 enters the inner the inner spaces of the leaf through the

stoma

Which of the following are the water-conducting cells of xylem, have thick walls, and are dead at functional
maturity?

tracheids and vessel elements

Which of the following are sugar-transporting cells in angiosperms?

sieve-tube elements

Which of the following are relatively unspecialized cells that retain the ability to divide and perform most of
the plantʹs metabolic functions of synthesis and storage?

parenchyma cells

Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing parts of the
plant?

collenchyma cells

Which of the following have thick, lignified walls that help support mature, nongrowing parts of the plant?

clerenchyma cells

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the

stele

One important difference between the anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that

a waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent in roots.

A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively
thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are these?

parenchyma

The best word to describe the growth of plants in general is

indeterminate

Which of the following arise from lateral meristem activity?

secondary xylem

A vessel element would likely lose its protoplast in which section of a root?

zone of maturation

A plant has the following characteristics: a taproot system; several growth rings evident in a cross section of the
stem, and a layer of bark around the outside. Which of the following best describes the plant?

herbaceous monocot

The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is due primarily to

elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem

Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to

D) cell elongation localized in each internode.

Axillary buds

grow immediately into shoot branches.

Gas exchange, necessary for photosynthesis, can occur most easily in which leaf tissue?

spongy mesophyll

I. root cap
II. zone of elongation
III. zone of cell division
IV. zone of cell maturation
V. apical meristem
38) Which of the following is the correct sequence from the growing tips of the root upward?

I, V, III, II, IV

Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its structure and function?

pericycle-waterproof ring of cells surrounding the central stele in roots

Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots?

pericycle

A leaf primordium is initiated as a small mound of tissue on the flank of a dome-shaped shoot apical
meristem. The earliest physical evidence of the site of a newly forming leaf primordium would be

pre-prophase bands parallel to the surface of the meristem in subsurface cells of the shoot apical meristem

Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called

stomata

Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants?

Only secondary growth produces reproductive structures

All of the following cell types are correctly matched with their functions except

companion cell-formation of secondary xylem and phloem.

Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as

secondary tissues

Which of the following is a true statement?

Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.

What tissue makes up most of the wood of a tree?

secondary xylem

The vascular system of a three-year-old eudicot stem consists of

3 rings of xylem and 1 of phloem.

If you were able to walk into an opening cut into the center of a large redwood tree, when you exit from the
middle of the trunk (stem) outward, you would cross, in order,

the annual rings, phloem, and bark.

Which of the following is true of bark?

It is composed of phloem plus periderm

Bark becomes scaly because

cork cambium divides only parallel to the surface, and thus does not increase in circumference.

Suppose George Washington completely removed the bark from around the base of a cherry tree but was
stopped by his father before cutting the tree down. The leaves retained their normal appearance for several
weeks, but the tree eventually died. The tissue(s) that George left functional was (were) the

xylem

Additional vascular tissue produced as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells?

vascular cambium

How does the fass mutation in Arabidopsis result in a stubby plant rather than a normal elongated one?

Lack of formation of the preprophase band results in random planes of cell division.

A mutation allows only A gene activity in a developing flower. Which flower part(s) will develop in this plant?

sepals

While studying the plant Arabidopsis, a botanist finds that an RNA probe produces colored spots in the sepals of
the plant. From this information, what information can be inferred?

The RNA probe is specific to a gene active in sepals.

Before differentiation can begin during the processes of plant cell and tissue culture, parenchyma cells from the
source tissue must

undergo dedifferentiation

The polarity of a plant is established when

the zygote divides.

ʺTotipotencyʺ is a term used to describe the ability of a cell to give rise to a complete new organism. In plants,
this means that

cell differentiation depends largely on the control of gene expression

Which of the following statements is false?

Plant cells differentiate because the cytoskeleton determines which genes will be turned ʺonʺ and ʺoff.ʺ

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system?

companion cell and ground tissue

In a root, a vessel element completes its development in which area of growth?

zone of differentiation

Heartwood and sapwood consist of

secondary xylem

Which of the following is not part of an older treeʹs bark?

secondary xylem

The phase change of an apical meristem from the juvenile to the mature vegetative phase is often revealed by

aa change in the morphology of the leaves produced

Which of the following arise from meristematic activity?

tubers

Pinching off the tops of snapdragons causes the plants to make many more flowers than they would if left
alone. Why does removal of the top cause more flowers to form?

Removal of an apical meristem causes outgrowth of lateral buds that produce extra branches, which ultimately produce flowers.

Which of these are not produced by the vascular cambium?

root hairs

The type of mature cell that a particular embryonic plant cell will become appears to be determined mainly by

the cellʹs final position in a developing organ

Based on the ABC model, what would be the structure of a flower that had normal expression of genes A and C
and expression of gene B in all four whorls?

stamen-stamen-petal-petal