A&P ch 8 quiz

Tendon sheaths ________.

act as friction-reducing structures

Which movement increases the angle between articulating bones?

extension

Which of the following is not a part of the synovial joint?

tendon sheath

Synarthrotic joints ________.

permit essentially no movement

Which type of joint allows opposition?

saddle joint

Fibrous joints are classified as ________.

sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

Synarthrotic joints ________.

permit essentially no movement

The gliding motion of the wrist uses ________ joints.

plane

On the basis of structural classification, which joint is fibrous connective tissue?

syndesmosis

Synovial joints are classified into six main categories based on ________.

the shape of their articular surfaces

Which of the following terms describes the functional classification of the illustrated joint with regard to its range of movement?

diarthrotic

Which of the following are cartilaginous joints?

Synchondroses

Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. Identify the saddle joint of the skeleton.

Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.

Presence of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and ligaments are characteristics of what type of joint?

hinge joint

Which of the following is a hinge joint?

Interphalangeal joints

The gliding motion of the wrist uses ________ joints.

plane

Extracapsular ligaments stabilizing the knee include ________.

lateral and medial collateral ligaments preventing lateral or medial angular movements

The MAIN contributors to hip joint stability are __________.

the deep socket of the joint and strong capsular ligaments

Which of the following statements defines synchondroses?

cartilaginous joints where hyaline cartilage unites the ends of bones

Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of ________.

hyperextension

Most joints of the body are classified as ________ joints.

synovial

gomphosis

tooth in socket

suture

joint found only in the skull

symphysis

bones united by fibrocartilage

synchondrosis

bones united by hyaline cartilage

The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ________.

cruciate ligaments

Presence of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and ligaments are characteristics of what type of joint?

hinge joint

In a sprain, the ________ of a joint are stretched or torn.

ligaments

The terms inversion and eversion pertain only to the ________.

feet

Which ligament would one tap to generate the knee-jerk reflex?

patellar ligament

When a person makes a pinching motion with their thumb and forefinger they are performing a movement called ________.

opposition

Football players often sustain lateral blows to the extended knee. Which of the ligaments is (are) damaged as a result?

medial collateral, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate

Which of the following statements regarding the joints between the ribs and sternum is correct?

The joints between the first ribs and sternum are synarthrotic; the joints between the other ribs and sternum are diarthrotic. This joint is labeled B in the figure.

What are menisci?

semilunar cartilage pads

Saddle joints have concave and convex surfaces. Identify the saddle joint of the skeleton.

Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.

Joints A, B, C, and D in the figures below are all classified as ______.

cartilaginous joints

Pointing the toes is an example of ________.

plantar flexion

Which of the following are cartilaginous joints?

Synchondroses

Which of the following is one difference between bursae and tendon sheaths?

Bursae are flattened fibrous sacs wedged between adjacent structures, while tendon sheaths are elongated fibrous sacs that wrap around tendons.

Which of the following is NOT a muscle of the rotator cuff?

biceps brachii muscle

Articular cartilage found at the ends of the long bones serves to ________.

provide a smooth surface at the ends of synovial joints

Which of the following is NOT a structural feature of synovial joints?

bone ends united by fibrocartilage

In the classification of joints, which of the following is true?

All synovial joints are freely movable.

In symphysis joints the articular surfaces of the bones are covered with ________.

hyaline cartilage

Which of the following is CORRECTLY matched?

osteoarthritis: chronic degenerative joint disease

The cruciate ligaments of the knee ________.

prevent hyperextension of the knee

Which of the following movements does not increase or decrease the angle between bones?

rotation

Which of the following is a true statement regarding gliding movements?

Gliding movements occur at the intercarpal and intertarsal joints.

Functional classification of joints is based on ________.

the amount of movement allowed by the joint

If a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is not properly repaired, the consequences could include the inability to prevent ________.

forward sliding of the tibia on the femur

Which of the following is not a factor that contributes to keeping the articular surfaces of diarthroses in contact?

number of bones in the joint

Which of the following are CORRECTLY paired?

synchondrosis: a plate of hyaline cartilage unites the bones

To realign an anteriorly dislocated Temporomandibular joint (TMJ), a physician must push the mandible inferiorly and posteriorly in order to move the mandibular condyle past the temporal bone’s ________.

articular tubercle

The arrows in B and C point to structures that can both be described as a ______.

ligament

Which of the following is CORRECTLY paired?

multiaxial movement: movement in all three planes and around all three axes

Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to joint stability?

amount of synovial fluid in the joint cavity

Maggie is a 28-year-old Caucasian woman who has newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA). She complains of painful, stiff hands and feet, feeling tired all the time, and reports an intermittent low-grade fever. She asks the nurse if she is going to be "crippled." How should the nurse respond?

RA is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory disorder. Inflammation occurs in the joint, and the fluid that accumulates causes swelling, stiffness, impairment of joint movement, and extreme pain.

What is the most important stabilizing factor for most synovial joints?

muscle tone

The shoulder and hip are examples of ________.

ball-and-socket joints

Compared to the shoulder, displacements of the hip joints are ________.

rare because of the ligament reinforcement

Which type of movement occurs at the intercarpal and intertarsal joints?

gliding movement

Which joint in the above figure is limited to nonaxial gliding movements?

E-intercarpal

Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membranes that act as cushions in places where friction develops are called ________.

bursae

The origin of a muscle is attached to the movable bone.

False The origin is attached to the immovable or less movable bone; the insertion is attached to the movable bone.

Using the structural classification, what type of joint is the epiphyseal plate?

cartilaginous joint

Which structure is composed primarily of dense irregular connective tissue?

D Structure D forms the fibrous capsule surrounding the joint cavity.

Which of the following movements does not increase or decrease the angle between bones?

rotation

A fibrous joint that is a peg-in-socket is called a ________ joint.

gomphosis

Extension is an example of a(n) ________ movement.

angular

An example of an interosseus fibrous joint is ________.

the radius and ulna along its length

People who grind their teeth are likely to damage their ________.

temporomandibular joints

Which of the following does NOT represent a structural classification of joints?

diarthrosis

Which of the following is true regarding the structure indicated by the arrow in the joint depicted in A?

It becomes ossified late in adult development.

What is moving a limb away from the median plane of the body along the frontal plane called?

abduction

Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ________.

amphiarthroses

Which of the joints will eventually develop into a synostosis?

A Endochondral ossification leads to the eventual fusion of the epiphysis and diaphysis to form a synostosis.

Synovial fluid is present in joint cavities of freely movable joints. Which of the following statements is true about this fluid?

It contains hyaluronic acid.

Tendon sheaths ________.

act as friction-reducing structures