[Elements] in Enjoyment of Music

The _____ of a sound is decided by the frequency of its vibrations.

dynamics **Pitch timbre amplitude

A thin piece of cane, used singly or in pairs by woodwind players, is called a

**reed. mute. double stop. mouthpiece.

The highest woodwind instrument in the orchestra is the

**piccolo flute. English horn. oboe. clarinet.

The emotional focal point of a melody is called the

sequence. theme. cadence. **climax.

The four main properties of musical sounds are pitch, dynamics, tone color, and

**duration. rhythm. melody. medium.

Melody may be defined as

an emotional focal point in a tune. a resting place at the end of a phrase. **a series of single notes which add up to a recognizable whole. the organization of beats into regular groupings.

When tones are separated by the interval called a(n) ______, they sound very much alike.

pitch range dyad **Octave cycle

Pitch is defined as

the degree of loudness or softness in music. the quality that distinguishes musical sounds. **the relative highness or lowness that we hear in a sound. leaning on a musical note.

Dynamics in music refer to

the quality that distinguishes musical sounds. the relative highness or lowness we hear in a sound. an exemplary performance. **the degree of loudness and softness.

In general, the smaller the vibrating element, the __________ its pitch.

**higher softer lower louder

Woodwind instruments are so named because they

are made of wood. use a wooden reed. have wooden key mechanisms. **were originally made of wood.

The distance between the lowest and highest tones a voice or instrument can produce is called

**pitch range. an octave. dynamic accent. timbre.

When music is created at the same time as it is performed, it is said to be

percussive. **improvised. pizzicato. registered.

A symphonic band is different fro an orchestra due to the absence of

brass percussion instruments a conductor **strings

Tone color is synonymous with

sound. amplitude. **timbre. dynamic accent.

A gradual increase in loudness is known as a

decrescendo. **crescendo. fortissimo. diminuendo.

The range of a singer’s voice depends on

training and musical style. physical makeup. **training and physical makeup. which microphone the singer uses.

The Italian dynamic markings traditionally used to indicate very soft, soft, and very loud are respectively

piano, mezzo forte, forte. mezzo piano, forte, fortissimo. **pianissimo, piano, fortissimo. pianissimo, forte, fortissimo.

A gradual decrease in loudness is known as a

ritardando. crescendo. fortissimo. **diminuendo.

A dynamic accent occurs in music when a performer

**emphasizes a tone by playing it more loudly than the tones around it. plays all the notes loudly. stamps his or her foot on the floor. begins speeding up the music.

The term ___________ refers to the speed of the beat of the music.

meter syncopation **tempo dynamics

The organization of beats into regular groups is called

**meter. syncopation. tempo. dynamics.

_____________ is the effect of unexpected accents in the music

Meter **Syncopation Tempo Dynamics

The Italian term __________ is a tempo marking to indicate a moderately slow or walking pace.

**andante allegro adagio largo

Which of the following is the slowest tempo indication?

**Adagio Andante Allegro Vivace

Western music uses ____________ letters of the alphabet to indicate pitch.

the first five **the first seven a wide variety the last three

In musical notation, silence is indicated by

notes. clefs. **rests. beams.

A part of a melody is called a

cadence. sequence. **phrase. step.

The treble clef is used for

relatively low pitches, such as those played by a pianist’s left hand. **relatively high pitches, such as those played by the pianist’s right hand. drums and nonpitched percussion instruments. middle range pitches, such as those played by the violas.

Staccato refers to playing or singing a melody

**in a short, detached manner. in a smooth, connected manner. at a higher or lower pitch. in small steps.

The triad built on the fifth step of the scale is called the

tonic chord. **dominant chord. progression. resolution.

A musical statement followed by a contrasting statement and then a return of the original statement is in

**ternary form. binary form. free form. double form.

Musical texture refers to

how many different layers of sound are heard at the same time. what kind of layers of sound are heard (melody or harmony). how layers of sound are related to each other. **All answers are correct.

Modulation refers to

the central tone of a musical composition. an independence from major or minor scales. the sharp or flat signs immediately following the clef sign at the beginning of the staff of a musical composition. **a shift from one key to another within the same composition.

The form consisting of a musical statement followed by a counterstatement would be called

ternary. **binary. free. All answers are correct.

A combination of tones that is considered unstable and tense is called a

consonance. progression. **dissonance. chord.

The simplest, most basic chord used in western music is the

consonance. dissonance. dyad. **triad

A sequence may be defined as

a resting place at the end of a phrase. the emotional focal point of a melody. a part of a melody. **the repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch.

Retaining some features of a musical idea while changing others is called

form. contrast. repetition. **variation.

In music, _________ refers to a characteristic way of using melody, rhythm, tone color, dynamics, harmony, texture, and form.

fashion technique **style convention

The dominant chord is the triad built on the _________ step of the scale.

first second fourth **fifth

A round is an example of

homophonic texture. monophonic texture. **strict imitation. monophonic diversity.

A chord is a

pattern of accents used in music. **combination of three or more tones sounded at once. series of individual tones heard one after another. resting point at the end of a phrase.

Key refers to

the major scale. **a central tone, scale, and chord. any twelve random pitches. a musical symbol placed at the beginning of the staff.

Traditionally, a western classical composition would almost always end on a

progression. dissonant chord. dominant chord. **tonic chord.

When the individual tones of a chord are sounded one after another instead of simultaneously, it is called a broken chord or a

cadence. **arpeggio. triad. progression.

When a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and then restated immediately by another voice or instrument, the technique is called

counterpoint. **imitation. copying. All answers are correct.

Homophonic texture consists of

a single melodic line without accompaniment. **one main melody accompanied by chords. two or more melodies of relatively equal interest performed simultaneously. two or more different versions of the same basic melody performed simultaneously.

Repetition is a technique widely used in music because it

creates a sense of unity. helps engrave a melody in the memory. provides a feeling of balance and symmetry. **All answers are correct.

The word chromatic comes from the Greek word chroma, color, and is used in music to refer to the

**twelve tones of the octave. eight tones of the octave. color of the instrumentation. use of colorful descriptions of the music.

Classicism, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years

1450-1600. 1600-1750. **1750-1820. 1820-1900.

The Baroque period in western music is usually given as

450-1450. 1450-1600. **1600-1750. 1750-1820.

Which of the following is not a brass instrument?

cornet French horn euphonium **English horn

When notating music for others to read, composers traditionally have used ____________ words to indicate dynamics

English **Italian German Russian

Register refers to

**part of an instrument’s total range. playing two or more notes at the same time. the instrument manufacturer’s brand name. the number of reeds an instrument uses.

A melody is said to move by steps if it moves by

repeating the same notes. alternating rests and notes. large intervals. **adjacent scale tones.

Which of the following is not a normal classification of male voice ranges?

**contralto baritone tenor bass

The distance between a melody’s lowest and highest tones is known as its

cadence. rhythm. **range. sequence.

The Italian term _____________ is a tempo marking to indicate a lively pace.

andante allegro adagio **vivace

The element of music defined as the ordered flow of music through time, or more specifically, the particular arrangement of note lengths in a piece of music, is

beat. tempo. **rhythm. meter.

In a musical time signature, the upper number tells

what kind of note gets a beat. **how many beats fall in a measure. how many notes there are in a measure. how many measures there are in a composition.

A _______ is placed at the beginning of a staff to show the exact pitch of each line and space.

note **clef ledger line sharp sign

The musical element that refers to the way chords are constructed and how they follow each other is

**harmony. tempo. melody. meter.

Sharp or flat signs immediately following the clef sign at the beginning of the staff are collectively called the

time signature. music signature. **key signature. meter.

An ending to a melodic phrase that sets up expectations for continuation is known as a(n)

**incomplete cadence. complete cadence. sentence. theme.

Forward motion, conflict, and change of mood are produced through

**contrast. repetition. homogeneity. dynamics.

Tonality is another term for

**key. scale. chromaticism. modulation.

In traditional western music, the __________ is the smallest interval between successive tones of a scale.

quarter step whole step **half step octave

Retaining some features of a musical idea while changing others is called

form. contrast. repetition. **variation.

When a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument and then restated immediately by another voice or instrument, the technique is called

counterpoint. **imitation. copying. All answers are correct.

If a flute player were to play a solo without any other accompaniment, the texture would be

contrapuntal. homophonic. **monophonic. polyphonic.

Musical texture refers to

how many different layers of sound are heard at the same time. what kind of layers of sound are heard (melody or harmony). how layers of sound are related to each other. **All answers are correct.

A melody that serves as the starting point for a more extended piece of music is called a

**theme. tune. climax. cadence.

A sequence may be defined as

a resting place at the end of a phrase. the emotional focal point of a melody. a part of a melody. **the repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch.

A composition that alternates often between soft and loud dynamics can be said to be high in

form. **contrast. repetition. cadence.

Romanticism, as a stylistic period in western music, encompassed the years

1450-1600. 1600-1750. 1750-1820. **1820-1900.

The vibrations of brass instruments come from

valves. a single reed. a double reed. **the musician’s lips.

A tone in music is a sound that

is pleasing to the ear. is produced by irregular vibrations. has an indefinite pitch. **has a definite pitch.

The ________ is a regular, recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time.

**beat syncopation tempo rhythm

In musical notation, pitches are written on a set of five horizontal lines called a

clef. bar. **staff. stem.

In a musical time signature, the upper number tells

what kind of note gets a beat. **how many beats fall in a measure. how many notes there are in a measure. how many measures there are in a composition.

A smooth, connected style of playing a melody is known as

**legato. staccato. glissando. vibrato.

A cadence is

the emotional focal point of a melody. **a resting place at the end of a phrase. a melody that serves as the starting point for a more extended piece of music. the repetition of a melodic pattern at a higher or lower pitch.

When a dissonance moves to a consonance, it can be called a

triad. chord. **resolution. broken chord.

_____________ in music adds support, depth, and richness to a melody.

Rhythm Tempo Meter **Harmony

Which of the following would be a good example of a change in musical style?

The treble clef is used for relatively high pitch ranges, but the bass clef is used for lower ranges. **The major and minor scales were the basic scales of western music from the 1600s to the 1900s, but in the twentieth century many composers abandoned tonality. The men in the New York Philharmonic wear white tie and tails during the winter season, but for the summer concerts they wear black tie and white dinner jackets. All answers are correct.

A series of chords is called a(n)

triad. **progression. arpeggio. consonance

When the individual tones of a chord are sounded one after another instead of simultaneously, it is called a broken chord or a

cadence. **arpeggio. triad. progression.