The Romantic Period

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The composer whose career was a model for many romantic composers was

Ludwig van Beethoven

A composer who earned his/her living as a violin virtuoso was

Niccolo Paganini

One of the few composers fortunate enough to be supported by private patrons was

Peter Illyich Tchaikovsky

Musical criticism was a source of income for both Berlioz and

Robert Schumann

When music conservatories were founded, women

were at first accepted only as student of performance, but by the late 1800s could study musical composition

A very important musical part of every middle-class home during the romantic period was the

piano

Public concerts had developed during the eighteenth century, but only in the nineteenth century did regular ___________ concerts become common

subscription

It is interesting to note that an American orchestra, the __________, is one of the two orchestras that are the third-oldest in the world.

New York Philharmonic

In the 1830s, Paris was

a center of romanticism the artistic capital of Europe the home of Victor Hugo, Honore de Balzac, and Heinrich Heine

Chopin was

shy and reserved

Most of Chopin’s pieces

are exquisite miniatures

Chopin’s Revolutionary Etude in C Minor develops the pianist’s left hand because

the left hand must play rapid passages throughout

A study piece, designed to help a performer master specific technical difficulties, is known as a(n)

etude

A slow, lyrical, intimate composition for piano, associated with nighttime, is known as a(n)

nocturne

The __________ is a dance in triple meter that originated as a stately processional for the Polish nobility.

polonaise

Chopin expressed his love of Poland by composing ______________ and _____________.

polonaises/mazurkas

Among Liszt’s favorite inspirations were the literary works of

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Liszt typified the romantic movement because he

had a charismatic personality was an innovative composer was a stupendous performer

Liszt’s piano works are characterized by

arpeggios rapid octaves and daring leaps an unprecedented range of dynamics

In many of his works, Liszt unified contrasting moods by a process known as

thematic transformation

During his teens and twenties, Liszt lived in

Paris

As a youth, Liszt was influenced by the performances of

Niccolo Paganini

Liszt created the __________, a one-movement orchestral composition based to some extent on a literary or pictorial idea.

symphonic poem

Liszt abandoned his career as a traveling virtuoso to become a court conductor at ___________, where he championed works by contemporary composers.

Weimar

Until the age of thirty-six, Liszt toured Europe as a virtuoso

pianist

The high point of Mendelssohn’s career was the triumphant premiere of his oratorio __________ in England.

Elijah

Mendelssohn’s Concerto for Violin in E Minor opens with a(n)

soloist, who present the main theme

The three movements of Mendelssohn’s Concerto for Violin

are played without pause

In the first movement of the Concerto for Violin, the cadenza

appears at the end of the development sections as a transition to the recapitulation

Mendelssohn is known as the man who rekindled an interest in the music of

Johann Sebastian Bach

The work referred to by Beethoven as an "expression of feeling rather than painting" was his

Symphony No.6

A _________ is a one-movement orchestral composition based to some extent on a literary or pictorial idea.

symphonic poem

The composer who developed the symphonic poem was

Franz Liszt

Today’s movie scores may be regarded as examples of

incidental music

Nonprogram music is also known as _________ music.

absolute

In order to support his family, Berlioz turned to

musical journalism

Parisians were startled by Berlioz’s Fantastic Symphony because of its

sensationally autobiographical program amazingly novel orchestration vivid description of the weird and diabolical

In 1830 the Paris Conservator awarded Berlioz

the Prix de Rome

The liturgical melody quoted in the last movement of the Fantastic Symphony is the

Dies irae

Outside France, Hector Berlioz enjoyed a great career as a(n)

conductor

Berlioz’s Fantastic Symphony is unified by the recurrence of a theme known as the

idee fixe

The Fantastic Symphony reflects Berlioz’s

love for actress Harriet Smithson

The fourth movement of the Fantastic Symphony depicts a

march to the scaffold

Which of the following was not composed by Berlioz?

The Sorcerer’s Apprentice

The second movement of the Fantastic Symphony is a ___________, the most popular dance of the romantic era.

waltz

The most original, and probably greatest of the Russian five, was

Modest Mussorgsky

The founder of the Czech national music was

Bedrich Smetana

Liberetti that fanned the public’s hatred for its Austrian overlords were deliberately chosen by the composer

Giuseppe Verdi

Smetana grew up when Bohemia was under _________ domination.

Austrian

Smetana’s most popular opera is _________.

The Bartered Bride

Even though Smetana was deaf at the time, he composed a musical work depicting Bohemia’s man river as it flows through the countryside. The name of the river and the musical composition, is the

Moldau

The first American concert pianist to gain international recognition was

Louis Moreau Gottschalk

Antonin Dvorak’s music was first promoted by

Johannes Brahms

Dvorak _________ quoted actual folk tunes in his compostions.

rarely

In the first movement of the New World Symphony, Dvorak introduces a gracious melody that resembles the spiritual

Swing Low, Sweet Chariot

In 1892, Dvorak went to ______________, where he spent almost three years as director of the National Conservatory of Music.

New York

Dvorak "found a secure basis for a new national [American] musical school" in the

African-American spirituals

The popular character of the Dvorak’s New World Symphony can be traced to the composer’s use of ____________ often found in folk music.

syncopations modal scales pentatonic scales

Nadezhda con Meck was

a wealthy benefactress who provided Tchaikovsky with an annuity

At its premiere in 1870, Tchaikovsky’s Romeo and Juliet Overture was

a dismal failure

Which of the following was not composed by Tchaikovsky?

Russian Easter Overture

Tchaikovsky’s Romeo and Juliet is a(n)

concert overture

Tchaikovsky’s Sixth Symphony

ends with a slow, despairing finale

Brahm’s works though very personal in style, are rooted in the music of

Joseph Haydn Ludwig van Beethoven Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Brahm’s musical trademarks included

the use of two notes against threee

Johannes Brahm’s Symphony No.3 in F Major

is the shortest of his four symphonies is characterized by thematic connections among its four movements contains striking contrasts between major and minor

Which of the following statements about the third movement of Brahm’s Symphony No. 3 in F Major is not true?

It utilizes a large orchestra

In comparison to some earlier compositions, Brahm’s musical output may be considered small. This is explained in part by the fact that Brahms

was extremely critical of his own work, and endlessly revised his compositions

The composer who had an overwhelming influence on the young Wagner was

Ludwig van Beethoven

Wagner called his works musical dramas rather than opera because

there is a continuous musical flow within each act there are no breaks where applause can interrupt the vocal line is inspired by the rhythms and pitches of German text

Wagner’s last opera was

Parsifal

The librettos to the Ring of the Nibelung was written by

Wagner himself

A short musical idea associated with a person, object, or thought, used by Wagner in his operas is called

leitmotif

Valhalla in Wagner’s Ring cycle, is

the castle of the gods

Wagner had an opera house built to his own specifications in

Bayreuth

Wagner’s first successful opera was

Rienzi

Sigmund, in Wagner’s opera Die Walkure, is

Sieglinde’s brother, then wife Siegfried’s father Wotan’s son by mortal womean

Which of the following operas was not composed by Wagner?

Fidelio

Instrumental music endowed with literary or pictorial associations, popular during the romantic period, is called

program music

The typical orchestra of the late romantic period numbered about ___________ musicians.

100

Music intended to be performed before or during a play, to set the mood for scenes or highlight dramatic action, is known as

incidental music

Instrumental music that is written for its own sake, and for which the composer does not provide a program, is called

absolute music

Drawing creative inspiration from cultures of lands foreign to the composer is known as

exoticism

Approximately, the romantic period encompassed the years

1820-1900

All of the following composers are associated with the romantic period except

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozat

Which of the following is not a characteristic of romanticism?

emotional restraint

The movement in opera known as verismo is best exemplified by

Giacomo Puccini

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